Lecture Notes of Rosario C.

Garcia, DBA
MCSA 2012
 Chapter V

SUMMARY OF FINDINGS, CONCLUSIONS,

AND RECOMMENDATIONS

This chapter presents the summary of findings,

conclusions, and recommendations. The objective
of the study was to ___, ____, _____, and ____. The
study made use of the _______ method, specifically
the _____. The data were analyzed through ______
__________.
This chapter gives the generalizations
drawn up from the findings.

The first part of this chapter should

present, in a manner based on the
logical flow of argument in the
preceding body, the eventual emergence
of the overall conclusion of the research
study.
 It should faithfully retrace the strategic steps
taken in the study by answering the
questions posed in the sub-problems; how
these steps led one conclusion to the other;
and in these chains of logical inferences
having arrived at the final conclusion or at
the realization of the overall aim of the
study.
Summary of Findings
The study yielded the following findings:
1. ___________________________________________
___________________________________________.
2. ___________________________________________
___________________________________________.
3. ___________________________________________
___________________________________________.
4. ___________________________________________
___________________________________________.
Summary of Findings
In quantitative research:
Summary of the Findings

In qualitative research:

Summary of Results
Summary of Findings
Must directly answer sub-statements of the
problem.
Answers must be limited on the findings justified
by avoid numerical rating the evidence.
Provide only qualitative summary of the findings.
Avoid numerical rating for it was already discussed
in Chapter 4.
Conclusions
From the findings, the following conclusions are
drawn:
1. ___________________________________________
___________________________________________.
2. ___________________________________________
___________________________________________.
3. ___________________________________________
_________________________________.
4. ___________________________________________
___________________________________________.
CONCLUSIONS:
For case study: The contents of the conclusion are
lessons learned from the case.

The conclusion should be the adequate answer to

the Statement of the Problem posed in the first
chapter of the research.
It must be consistent with the findings.
Do not consider cross-referencing in this section.
CONCLUSIONS:
The conclusions are not a rambling
summary of the research: they are short,
concise statements of inferences.

Conclusions are brief, terse statements that

encapsulate the findings
Example of finding:
There is a significant correlation between X and Y.

Wrong conclusion:
It is conclusive that X is a factor in achieving Y.
Comment: Conclusive is a strong term. It demands
cause-and-effect argument.

Correct conclusion:
Perhaps, X can possibly be a factor in achieving Y.
Comment: Perhaps and possibly are the right terms,
less coercive, less demanding, and can be justified by
the findings.
Recommendations
Based on the results of the study, the following
recommendations are hereby advanced:
1. ___________________________________________
___________________.
2. ___________________________________________
____________________________________.
3. For further studies, the following topics may be
explored.
3.1 ________________________________________
RECOMMENDATIONS SHOULD BE
BASED ON CONCLUSIONS.
The interest of the examiner in this section is to
check whether the recommendation is within the
context and consistent with the conclusion and
findings.

The research undertaking can only be meaningful

if its results can help lead to the improvement or
upgrading of an existing idea, system, or even
personalities. Hence, recommendations must be
prepared for this purpose.
RECOMMENDATIONS SHOULD BE
BASED ON CONCLUSIONS.
The recommendations will be much sought and
carefully read by the examiners. The primary
recommendation of the researcher must be
focused on his or her contribution to the reservoir
of knowledge. Of course, the research must
substantiate any claims made here.
RECOMMENDATIONS SHOULD BE
BASED ON CONCLUSIONS.
Future research recommendations should
also be included so that researchers picking
up the study in the future have the benefit of
the ideas generated on the project.

Concise numbered paragraphs are usually

the best.