Professional Documents
Culture Documents
Introduction
Type of boilers
Assessment of a boiler
Energy efficiency opportunities
2
Introduction (1)
What is a Boiler?
Vessel that heats water to become
hot water or steam
At atmospheric pressure water
steam : volume increases 1,600 times
Hot water or steam used to transfer
heat to a process or to turn a turbine
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Introduction (2) boiler room
STEAM TO
EXHAUST GAS VENT
PROCESS
STACK DEAERATOR
PUMPS
ECO-
NOMI-
ZER
VENT
BOILER
BURNER
WATER
SOURCE
BLOW DOWN
SEPARATOR FUEL
BRINE
CHEMICAL FEED
SOFTENERS
- flows of water ?
- flows of steam ?
- flows of air, flue gas ?
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Contoh jenis lain (1)
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Boiler performance
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Heat Balance (1)
Stochiometric
Excess Air
Un burnt
Stack Gas
FUEL INPUT
STEAM
OUTPUT
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Heat Balance (2)
12.7 %
Heat loss due to dry flue gas
1.0 %
Heat loss due to radiation & other
unaccounted loss
73.8 %
Heat in Steam
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Assessment of a Boiler
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Boiler Efficiency (1)
OR
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Boiler Efficiency (2)
Parameters to be monitored:
- Quantity of steam generated per hour (Q) in kg/hr
- Quantity of fuel used per hour (q) in kg/hr
- The working pressure (in kg/cm2(g)) and superheat
temperature (oC), if any
- The temperature of feed water (oC)
- Type of fuel and gross calorific value of the fuel (GCV) in
kcal/kg of fuel 17
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Boiler Efficiency (3)
OR
Principle losses:
i) Dry flue gas
ii) Evaporation of water formed due to H2 in fuel
iii) Evaporation of moisture in fuel
iv) Moisture present in combustion air
v) Unburnt fuel in fly ash
vi) Unburnt fuel in bottom ash
vii) Radiation and other unaccounted losses
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Energy Efficiency Opportunities (1)
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Energy Efficiency Opportunities (2)
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Energy Efficiency Opportunities (6)
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Energy Efficiency Opportunities (8)