The Birth of

Filipino
Nationalism
Background of The Birth of Filipino

In the years before the 11th century, the Philippines was divided into
numerous principalities known as barangays, a name derived from
Malayan boats called balangays.
These small political units were ruled by datus, rajahs or sultans. In
1565, European colonization began in earnest when Spanish
explorer Miguel Lpez de Legazpi arrived from Mexico and formed
the first European settlements in Cebu.
1567 by two hundred soldiers, he was able to repel competing
Portuguese colonizers and to create the foundations for the Spanish
colonization of the Archipelago.
Early Resistance to Spanish Rule

Government control and maintain it restrictions led the people to

experience hardships and misery.
Discontent with Spanish rule was first expressed in the regional revolts
that broke out in the archipelago from 1574-1843.
Revolts Caused by the Desire to
Regain Lost Freedom
Revolt of Lakan Dula and Sulayman (1574) Lavesari's disregard of
Legazpi's promise that Spain would recognize the patrimonial lands
of the Kings of Tondo and Maynilad.First Pampanga Revolt
(1585)Dissatisfaction with the abuses of the encomenderosTondo
Conspiracy(1587-1588)Discovery of the plot masterminded by
Agustin de Legazpi to overthrow Spanish rule.
Revolts Caused by Resistance to
Spanish-Imposed Institutions
Magalat's Revolt (1596)Encouragement of the people of Cagayan
to rebel against the Spanish government.Revolt of the Irrayas
(1621)Execuition of oppressive encomenderos and officialsSumuroy's
Rebellion (1649-1650)Government's enforcement of the order to
send people of Palapag,Samar, to work in the shipyards of
cavite.Maniago's Revolt (1660)Hatred of bandala and resentment
of the frequent recruitment of Pampangenos to cut timber for the
construction of Spanish galleons
Gaddang
Live in the Northeastern Luzon Island, especially in
Cagayan Valley.Gaddang comes from the word ga
meaning "HEAT" and dang meaning "BURNED"
Revolts Caused by Resistance to
Spanish-Imposed Institutions
Malong's Rebellion (1660-1661)Hatred of Spanish oppression and the
killing of Spanish officials in LingayenDiego Silang's Revolt (1762-
1763)Silang's resentment of his imprisonment due to his request for
the abolition of the hated tribute in Vigan.Gabriela Silang's
RevoltAssasination of her husband, Diego SilangPalaris Revolt(1762-
1763)Hatred of the excessive tribute and abusive officials from
Binalatongan which inspired him to rally the people against
Spain.Basi Revolt (1807)Prohibition of the drinking of home-made
wine in Pidding, Ilocos Norte, owing to the wine monopoly.
Revolts Caused by the People's
Desire to Revert to Their Native faith
Tamblot's Revolt (1621-1622)Exhortation that people of Bohol return
to their old faithBankaw's Revolt (1621)Encouragement of the
people of Limasawa to defend their traditional religionTapar's Revolt
(1663)The killing of followers of Tapar's religious cult by the friar of
Oton, PanayDagahoy's Revolt (1774-1829)The liquidation of Fr.
Guiseppi Lamberti and other Spanish priest triggered by the refusal
of the Church to give Christian burial to Francisco Dagohoy's
brotherRevolt of Hermano Pule (1840-1841)Persecutiion of the
followers of the Cofradia de San Jose founded by Apolinario dela
Cruz of Lukban
The Emergence of the Filipino
Sense of Nationhood
The Emergence of the Filipino Sense of Nationhood
The opening of the Philippines to world commerce
Rise of the clase media
Liberal regime of Carlos Ma. Dela Torre
Racial Discrimination
Secularization controversy
The Cavite Mutiny of 1872
The Opening of the Philippines to
World Commerce
The opening of the country to world commerce was a
consequence of Spain's adoption of the Laissez-faire policy.From
their contact with peninsular Spaniards, Filipino intellectuals learned
Locke's Theory of Revolution and Rousseau's Social Contract Theory.
The Rise of Clase Media

Families which prospered during this time were able to send their
sons for an education in Europe.
Liberal Regime of Carlos Ma. Dela
Torre He encouraged the aspirations of the

reformists and abolished the censorship of
the press..He was a true democrat, he lived
simply without the glittering pomp and
extravagance of his predecessors.
Racial Discrimination

The Spaniards considered the Filipinos an inferior race and

sarcastically labeled them Indios.
The Filipinos also portrayed as an individual with low mental ability,
incapable of acquiring European education, and fitted only to work
in the field and tend a carabao.
Secularization Controversy

The secularization controversy began as a religious issue on the right

of the regular and secular priests to administer the parishes. The issue
later on became a racial controversy between the Spanish friars
and the Filipino secular clergy, as the friars started demanding that
the latter were unqualified to administer the parishes.
Cavite Mutiny of 1872

This mutiny was brought about by Izquierdo's abolition of their

exemption from tributes and forced labor previously enjoyed by
Filipino soldiers and workers in the arsenal of Fort San Felipe.The
Spanish authorities took advantage of the situation by arresting
liberal-minded Filipinos.
The Filipinos deeply resented the execution of GOMBURZA owing to
their innocence of the crime for which they were tried.
Cavite Mutiny of 1872

They hailed the three Filipino priests as true martyrs of the fatherland.
Their deaths made the filipinos realize the need for unity to end their
miseries.
The martyrdom of GOMBURZA was a turning point in Philippine
history.
The martyrdom of GomBurZa