Professional Documents
Culture Documents
Expert
Family Tree
11/17/2017 1
Expert
C:\Jena\Tutorial\expert
(expert folder in Tutorial.zip)
11/17/2017 2
Expert
Using Protege to build up expert.owl:
Three classes: Expert, Research, Subject
Properties: hasResearch: expert can have many
researches; research is associated with many subjects
Create some instances.
Output this ontology as expert.owl (for example:
C:\Jena\Tutorial\expert\expert.owl)
11/17/2017 3
ontologyDB
Introduce some methods to handle store,
read ontology in/from persistent database
(here takes MySQL as example):
connectDB
createDBModelFromFile
getModelFromDB
getModelSpec
11/17/2017 4
ontologyDB
import java.util.*;
import com.hp.hpl.jena.db.*;
import com.hp.hpl.jena.ontology.*;
import com.hp.hpl.jena.rdf.model.*;
/* link database */
public static IDBConnection connectDB(String DB_URL, String DB_USER, String
DB_PASSWD, String DB_NAME) {
return new DBConnection(DB_URL, DB_USER, DB_PASSWD, DB_NAME);}
11/17/2017 5
ontologyDB
/* Get ontology from database */
public static OntModel getModelFromDB(IDBConnection con, String name) {
ModelMaker maker = ModelFactory.createModelRDBMaker(con);
Model base = maker.getModel(name);
OntModel newmodel =
ModelFactory.createOntologyModel( getModelSpec(maker), base);
return newmodel; }
C:\Jena\Tutorial\expert\ontologyDB.java
11/17/2017 6
Main.java
Store expert.owl into MySQL database,
Read expert.owl from MySQL database,
List the classes of expert.owl
11/17/2017 7
import java.io.*;
import java.util.*;
import com.hp.hpl.jena.ontology.*;
import com.hp.hpl.jena.rdf.model.ModelMaker;
import com.hp.hpl.jena.util.FileManager;
import com.hp.hpl.jena.util.*;
import com.hp.hpl.jena.db.*;
C:\Jena\Tutorial\expert\Main.java
public class Main {
public static final String DB_URL = "jdbc:mysql://localhost/expert";
public static final String DB_USER = "root";
public static final String DB_PASSWD = "111";
public static final String DB = "MySQL";
public static final String DB_DRIVER = "com.mysql.jdbc.Driver";
11/17/2017 9
Expert - Class
Main.java
Not using method to output class of the ontology
Main1.java
Using defined SimpleReadOntology method to
output class of the ontology
public static void SimpleReadOntology(OntModel model) {
for (Iterator i = model.listClasses(); i.hasNext();) {
OntClass c = (OntClass) i.next();
System.out.println(c.getLocalName());
}
}
11/17/2017 10
Expert - individual
MainIndividual.java
C:\Jena\Tutorial\expert\MainIndividual.java, defined prix is default
namespace from expert.owl, using getInstance method.
But you have to compile ontologyDB.java, as all the Main* files
are calling the methods defined in ontologyDB.class
public static void getInstance(OntModel model){
String prix = "http://www.owl-ontologies.com/Expert.owl#";
/*get Expert class from the onotlogy*/
OntClass expert = model.getOntClass(prix + "Expert");
//print out the name of the Expert class
System.out.println(expert.getLocalName());
11/17/2017 12
Expert getProperty method
public static void getProperty(OntModel model) {
String NS = "http://www.owl-ontologies.com/Expert.owl#";
/* get the Expert class */
OntClass expert = model.getOntClass(NS + "Expert");
// print out the name of the Expert class
System.out.println(expert.getLocalName());
11/17/2017 14
MainQuery.java
import com.hp.hpl.jena.ontology.*;
import com.hp.hpl.jena.rdf.model.*;
import com.hp.hpl.jena.util.*;
import com.hp.hpl.jena.query.* ;
import com.hp.hpl.jena.sparql.*;
import com.hp.hpl.jena.reasoner.*;
import com.hp.hpl.jena.reasoner.rulesys.*;
import com.hp.hpl.jena.db.*;
searchOnto(model);
11/17/2017 } 15
MainQuery.java
public static void searchOnto(OntModel model){
/*Setting up rules*/
String rule = "[rule1:(?x http://www.owl-ontologies.com/Expert.owl#hasResearch ?y) " +
"(?y http://www.owl-ontologies.com/Expert.owl#associate ?z) " +
"->(?x http://www.owl-ontologies.com/Expert.owl#familiar_with ?z)]";
/*query String*/
String queryString = "PREFIX Expert:<http://www.owl-ontologies.com/Expert.owl#> " +
"SELECT ?expert ?subject " +
"WHERE {?expert Expert:familiar_with ?subject} ";
/*set up reasoner*/
Reasoner reasoner2 = new GenericRuleReasoner(Rule.parseRules(rule));
/*output result*/
ResultSetFormatter.out(System.out, results, query);
qe.close(); }
}
C:C:\Jena\Tutorial\expert\MainQuery.java
11/17/2017 16
Query Expert
MainQuery.java
C:\Jena\Tutorial\expert\MainQuery.java
Using searchOnto method
Compile ontologyDB.java first
11/17/2017 17
Family Tree
C:\Jena\Tutorial\familytree
(familytree folder under
Tutorial.zip)
11/17/2017 18
Family Tree
The example shows:
How to create and populate RDF models
How to persist them to a database,
How to query them programmatically using SPARQL query
language
How to show Jena reasoning capabilities which can be
used to infer knowledge about models from an ontology
URL: http://www-
128.ibm.com/developerworks/xml/library/j-jena/
11/17/2017 19
Creating a simple RDF model
Create a model from scratch and add RDF
statements to it.
Create a model to represent the relationships
in a family using different relationship types,
such as siblingOf, spouseOf, parentOf,
childOf (more details about relationship
ontology: http://vocab.org/relationship/)
Define family members using URIs from a
made-up namespace: http://family/. It is
useful to declare them as Java constants.
11/17/2017 20
Family Tree
harriet
11/17/2017 21
Creating a simple RDF model
import java.util.*;
import java.io.*;
import com.hp.hpl.jena.rdf.model.*;
import com.hp.hpl.jena.util.FileManager;
//set namespace
Resource NAMESPACE = model.createResource( relationshipUri );
model.setNsPrefix( "rela", relationshipUri);
11/17/2017 22
Creating a simple RDF model
// Add properties to describing the relationships between them
adam.addProperty(siblingOf,beth); . . .
model.write(System.out, "RDF/XML-ABBREV");
}
}
11/17/2017 23
Creating a simple RDF model
Store
FamilyModel.j
ava in
C:\Jena\Tutori
al\familytree
Compile and
Run
11/17/2017 24
Store this RDF model in file
Store the RDF model in to
C:\Jena\Tutorial\familytree\family.rdf
Add following codes to FamilyModel.java
try{
File file=new File("C:\\Jena\\Tutorial\\familytree\\family.rdf");
FileOutputStream f1=new FileOutputStream(file);
RDFWriter d = model.getWriter("RDF/XML-ABBREV");
d.write(model,f1,null);
}catch(Exception e) {}
C:\Jena\Tutorial\familytree\FamilyModel01.java
11/17/2017 25
Query family tree - listStatement
Query : Show me who has which-kind-of relation with whom.
listStatement (Subject s, Property p, RDFNode o)
import com.hp.hpl.jena.rdf.model.*;
import com.hp.hpl.jena.util.FileManager;
import com.hp.hpl.jena.vocabulary.*;
import java.io.*;
C:\Jena\Tutorial\familytree\
FamilyQuery.java
public class FamilyQuery {
static final String inputFileName = "family.rdf";
public static void main (String args[]) {
// create an empty model
Model model = ModelFactory.createDefaultModel();
// use the FileManager to find the input file
InputStream in = FileManager.get().open(inputFileName);
if (in == null) {
throw new IllegalArgumentException( "File: " + inputFileName + " not found"); }
model.read( in, "");
//query the statement:subject, property and object
StmtIterator iter = model.listStatements(null, null, (RDFNode) null);
if (iter.hasNext()) {System.out.println("They are:");
while (iter.hasNext()) {System.out.println(" " + iter.nextStatement()); }
} else {System.out.println("They are not in the database"); }
}
11/17/2017 26
}
Run
FamilyQuery.j
ava
11/17/2017 27
Query family tree - listStatement
Query01: show me who are the parent of whom
listStatements(null,
model.getProperty("http://purl.org/vocab/relationship/parent
Of"), (RDFNode) null)
C:\Jena\Tutorial\familytree\FamilyQuery01.java
11/17/2017 28
Query family tree - listStatement
Query02: who are parent of edward
model.listStatements(model.getResource("http://family/edward"),
model.getProperty("http://purl.org/vocab/relationship/childOf"),
(RDFNode) null)
C:\Jena\Tutorial\familytree\FamilyQuery02.java
11/17/2017 29
Query family tree - Sparql
Find grandparent?
import com.hp.hpl.jena.rdf.model.*;
import com.hp.hpl.jena.util.FileManager;
import com.hp.hpl.jena.query.* ;
import com.hp.hpl.jena.sparql.*;
import java.io.*;
11/17/2017 30
Query family tree - Sparql
String queryString = "PREFIX rela: <http://purl.org/vocab/relationship/> " +
"SELECT ?person ?grandparent " +
"WHERE {" +
" ?grandparent rela:parentOf ?y . " +
" ?y rela:parentOf ?person . " +
" }";
11/17/2017 31
Query family tree - Sparql
Who is uncle of harriet?
C:\Jena\Tutorial\familytree\FamilyQuery04.java
String queryString =
"PREFIX rela: <http://purl.org/vocab/relationship/> " +
"SELECT ?uncleoraunt " +
"WHERE {" +
" <http://family/harriet> rela:childOf ?x . " +
" ?x rela:siblingOf ?uncleoraunt . " +
" }";
11/17/2017 32
Reasoning family tree
Who are niece or nephew of edwar?
import java.io.*;
import java.util.Iterator; C:\Jena\Tutorial\familytree\
import com.hp.hpl.jena.util.*;
import com.hp.hpl.jena.rdf.model.*; FamilyReason.java
import com.hp.hpl.jena.reasoner.*;
import com.hp.hpl.jena.reasoner.rulesys.*;
11/17/2017 34
Reasoning family tree
Using FamilyModel02.java to delete some
statements (siblingOf, childOf, spouseOf,)
and store it in N-Triple in family1.nt.
Who are the children of dotty?
Using generic rule reasoning
Using sparql to query
C:\Jena\Tutorial\familytree\FamilyReason01.j
ava
11/17/2017 35
FamilyReason01.java
import java.io.*;
import java.util.Iterator;
import com.hp.hpl.jena.util.*;
import com.hp.hpl.jena.rdf.model.*;
import com.hp.hpl.jena.reasoner.*;
import com.hp.hpl.jena.reasoner.rulesys.*;
import com.hp.hpl.jena.query.* ;
import com.hp.hpl.jena.sparql.*;
//setting up rules
String rules = "[r1: (?x http://purl.org/vocab/relationship/parentOf ?y),
(?x http://purl.org/vocab/relationship/spouseOf ?z)" +
"-> (?z http://purl.org/vocab/relationship/parentOf ?y)]";
11/17/2017 36
FamilyReason01.java
C:\Jena\Tutorial\familytree\
/*query String*/
String queryString = "SELECT ?dottychild " + FamilyReason01.java
"WHERE { <http://family/dotty>
<http://purl.org/vocab/relationship/parentOf> ?dottychild} ";
/*output result*/
ResultSetFormatter.out(System.out, results, query);
qe.close();
}
}
11/17/2017 37
Reasoning family tree
Using multiple rules to do complex reasoning.
Dataset: C:\Jena\Tutorial\familytree\family2.nt
<http://family/harriet> <http://purl.org/vocab/relationship/childOf> <http://family/fran> .
<http://family/fran> <http://purl.org/vocab/relationship/spouseOf> <http://family/greg> .
<http://family/fran> <http://purl.org/vocab/relationship/childOf> <http://family/adam> .
<http://family/adam> <http://purl.org/vocab/relationship/spouseOf> <http://family/dotty> .
<http://family/adam> <http://purl.org/vocab/relationship/siblingOf> <http://family/beth> .
<http://family/beth> <http://purl.org/vocab/relationship/spouseOf> <http://family/chuck> .
<http://family/edward> <http://purl.org/vocab/relationship/siblingOf> <http://family/fran> .
<http://family/edward> <http://purl.org/vocab/relationship/childOf> <http://family/adam> .
11/17/2017 38
FamilyReason02.java
Multiple rules:
R1: ?x parentOf ?y, ?y parentOf ?z ->?x
grandparentOf ?z
R2: ?x parentOf ?y, ?x spouseOf ?z ->?z
parentOf ?y
R3: ?x childOf ?y -> ?y parentOf ?x
Query: who can be grandparents?
11/17/2017 39
FamilyReason02.java
import java.io.*;
import java.util.Iterator;
import com.hp.hpl.jena.util.*;
import com.hp.hpl.jena.rdf.model.*;
import com.hp.hpl.jena.reasoner.*;
import com.hp.hpl.jena.reasoner.rulesys.*;
import com.hp.hpl.jena.query.* ;
import com.hp.hpl.jena.sparql.*;
//setting up rules
String rules = "[r1: (?x http://purl.org/vocab/relationship/parentOf ?y),
(?y http://purl.org/vocab/relationship/parentOf ?z)" +
"-> (?x grandparentOf ?z)]" +
"[r2: (?x http://purl.org/vocab/relationship/parentOf ?y),
(?x http://purl.org/vocab/relationship/spouseOf ?z)" +
"-> (?z http://purl.org/vocab/relationship/parentOf ?y)]" +
"[r3: (?x http://purl.org/vocab/relationship/childOf ?y)" +
"-> (?y http://purl.org/vocab/relationship/parentOf ?x)]";
11/17/2017 40
FamilyReason02.java
/*query String*/
String queryString = "SELECT ?grandparent " +
"WHERE { ?grandparent <http://purl.org/vocab/relationship/parentOf> ?x ." +
" ?x <http://purl.org/vocab/relationship/parentOf> ?y . } ";
11/17/2017 41
Summary
Practicing these examples
Be able to create your own examples
11/17/2017 42