Transmissores

de
presso

1
 Transmissores de Presso

Os transmissores so instrumentos que

medem uma varivel do processo e a
transmitem, distncia, a um instrumento
receptor, indicador, registrador, controlador
ou a uma combinao destas.
Existem vrios tipos de sinais de
transmisso: pneumticos, eltricos,
hidrulicos e eletrnicos.

2
 Caractersticas Bsicas de
Transmissor Digital
Exatido 0,075%;
Rangeabilidade de 40:1;
Medio direta digital de
capacitncia (sem converso
A/D);
Sada de 4-20 mA e/ou
comunicao digital (Protocolo
HART);
Zero e span no interativos
Ajuste local externo de zero e
span;
Calibrao remota;
Configurao on-line e off-line;
Indicador digital de 4 dgitos e 5
caracteres alfanumricos ; 3
PRINCPIO DE FUNCIONAMENTO

4
 Padronizao dos sinais de transmisso
Transmisso Pneumtica: 3 a 15 PSI ou 0,2 a 1 Kgf/cm2

Transmisso Eletrnica: 4 a 20 mA, 1 a 5 V

Protocolo HART (Highway Adress Remote Transducer ):

combina o padro 4 a 20 mA com a comunicao digital
um sistema a dois fios com taxa de comunicao de
1200 bits/s ( BPS ) e modulao FSK ( Frequency Shift
Keying ).
Fieldbus: sistema de comunicao digital bidirecional que
interliga equipamentos inteligentes de campo com
sistema de controle
5
 EVOLUO DOS SINAIS DE COMUNICAO

Fieldbus is the next major technology

transition in plant automation.

Dominant
Technology

Pneumatic Analog Digital Fieldbus

1940 1960 1980 2000

Time
 HART
Simultaneous Analog + Digital Communication

+0.5mA

Analog Signal

-0.5mA

FSK freq: 1200 Hz 2200 Hz

Logical: 1 0

Figure - HART uses Frequency Shift Keying to encode digital information

on top of the 4-20mA analog signal
7
Protocolo de Comunicao Hart

As vantagens do
protocolo Hart so as
seguintes:
- usa o mesmo par de
cabos para o 4 20 mA
e para a comunicao
digital.
- usa o mesmo tipo de
cabo usado na
instrumentao
analgica.
- disponibilidade de
equipamentos de vrios
fabricantes.

8
Typical Point-to-Point Installation
Analog + Digital Communication
Analog
4 - 20 mA
4
mA
20
2 digital updates/sec
HART
(typical)
HART
Interface + 4-20mA

Multiple Masters

Up to 3000 m
(Same cable as today)

Figure- The HART protocol enables two Master devices

to access information in Slave (field) devices 9
 COMUNICAO ANALGICA

LOCAL AREA NETWORK

DCS

I/O

4 - 20 mA

FIELD
DPT101 PT1 01 FCV101 DPT102 PT102 FCV102
10
 FIELDBUS
LOCAL AREA NETWORK

SUPERVISORY
SYSTEM

FIELDBUS

FIELD
DPT101 PT101 FCV101 DPT102 PT102 FCV102
 FIELDBUS BENEFITS

WIRING SAVINGS
DCS FCS

CONTROLLER
I/O
SUBSYSTEM

I.S I.S. I.S. I.S.

4-20 MA FIELDBUS
 FIELDBUS BENEFITS

2 WAY COMMUNICATION

DCS FCS

CONTROLLER

INPUT/OUTPUT
SUBSYSTEM
FIELDBUS

TRADITIONAL 4-20 MA
ONE VARIABLE FIELDBUS
UNI-DIRECTIONAL MULTIPLE VARIABLES
BI-DIRECTIONAL
 Conventional x Fieldbus
DCS FCS

TAG =LIC-012
VALUE =70.34
15,3 mA UNIT =M3
STATUS=GOOD
ALARM = Y/N

TRANSMITTER TRANSMITTER
 FIELDBUS BENEFITS

REDUCTION IN SYSTEM HARDWARE

DCS FCS

CONTROLLER

I/O
SUBSYSTEM

FIELDBUS

TRADITIONAL

FIELDBUS
CONTROL IN THE FIELD DEVICES
 TWO WAY
COMMUNICATION
OPERATION MAINTENANCE
STATION TOOL

DPT + PID FCV TT PT

 FIELDBUS = OPEN SYSTEM

STANDARD
DRIVER DRIVER FIELDBUS
A/B A/C ? INTERFACE

MANUFACTURER MANUFACTURER MANUFACTURER MANUFACTURER MANUFACTURER MANUFACTURER

B C D B C D
 PHYSICAL LAYER WIRE MEDIUM
H1 & H2 APPLICATIONS
H2 Higher Speed Fieldbus ETHERNET
1 Mbps/2.5 Mpbs
2 - 32 Devices
Communications only
Redundancy
SERVER GATEWAY
Twisted-pair
750 m length

H2
H1 Lower Speed Fieldbus
31.25 Kbps
BRIDGE SCADA PLC
2 - 32 Devices
Power & Communications
H1 LAP TOP
Intrinsically Safe
Twisted-pair
1900 m length

ANALYZER
FIELDBUS TYPICAL INSTALLATION
FIELDBUS PRESSURE TRANSMITTER

- 0.1% ACCURACY

- 40:1 RANGEABILITY

- 0-0.5 inH20 TO 5000 psi

- WIDE RANGE OF MATERIALS

- LOCAL ADJUSTAMENT

- MASTER CAPABILITY