Chng 1: Gii thiu v Thng

tin di ng
Ni dung

S pht trin ca cc h thng thng tin di ng

Xu th pht trin ca Thng tin di ng
M hnh h thng thng tin di ng t bo
Tng quan GSM
Tng quan h thng thng tin di ng 3G
H thng thng tin di ng 4G LTE
S pht trin ca cc h thng thng tin di
ng
Khai thc cc chiu tn hiu
H thng thng tin di ng u tin (1G)
H thng thng tin di ng th h th 2 (2G)
H thng thng tin di ng 2.5G
H thng thng tin di ng th 3 (3G)
H thng thng tin di ng 3.5G
H thng thng tin di ng th h th 4 (4G)
H thng thng tin di ng th h th 5 (5G)
Cc chun v cc h thng thng tin di ng
Khai thc cc chiu tn hiu

Mt chiu tn hiu na s c khai thc trong h thng 5G?

H thng thng tin di ng u tin (1G)

1G c gii thiu nhng nm 1980

Tc d liu ti a 2.4kbps.
Tn hiu analog
AMPS c ng dng u tin M
Cht lng thoi km
Tui th pin km
Kch thc in thoi ln
Khng an ton
Dung lng hn ch
Chuyn giao thiu tin cy
H thng thng tin di ng th h th 2 (2G)

Gii thiu Phn Lan nm 1991.

Tn hiu s
Tc d liu ti a 64kbps.
Cho php dch v SMS, nhn tn c hnh v MMS
Cht lng v dung lng cao hn
Yu cu cng tn hiu cao
Cho php d liu phc hp nh Video
H thng thng tin di ng 2.5G

2.5G c xem l cng ngh gia 2G v 3G

C th c xem l 2G kt hp cng ngh GPRS
Cho php cc dch v:
Thoi
E-mails
Web Browsing
Tc d liu: 64-144 kbps
Camera Phones
H thng thng tin di ng th 3 (3G)

3G c gii thiu vo nhng nm 2000

Tc d liu 144kbps- 2Mbps.
in thoi thng minh (smartphone) ra i
H tr cc dch v nn web, audio v video
Cho php truyn thng nhanh hn
Kh nng gi cc Emails ln
Tc truy cp web cao hn, an ton hn
Video Conferencing / 3D Gaming
TV Streaming/ Mobile TV/ Phone Calls
Bng rng
H thng thng tin di ng 3.5G

L 3G kt hp HSPA (High Speed Packet Access)

HSDPA (High Speed Downlink Packet Access) v
HSUPA (High Speed Uplink Packet Access) c p
dng nm 2009.
Sau Evolved High Speed Packet Access cn gi
l HSPA+ c p dng vo nm 2010
Cho php tc bt ti a 337 Mbit/s downlink v
34 Mbit/s uplink iu kin l tng.
H thng thng tin di ng th h th 4 (4G)

Tc d liu cao 100Mbps 1Gbps

Cht lng dch v v an ton cao
Cc ph r
4G c m t vi 1 t l MAGIC:
Mobile Multimedia
Anytime Anywhere
Global Mobility Support
Integrated Wireless Solution
Customized Personal Services
Nhu cu v pin, tc , dung lng ngy cng cao
H thng thng tin di ng th h th 5 (5G)

Tc d liu ng lnv ng xung ti

a 1Gbps
L gii php nhanh hn v tt hn
H tr WWWW (Wireless World Wide Web).
Yu cu b nh in thoi ln hn
Tc kt ni nhanh.
Cht lng cc dch v thi gian thc cao
Internet of Things
Cc chun v cc h thng thng tin di ng

Chuyn i bng tn thay i phng php iu ch

Tng tc truyn d liu
Ci thin cht lng cuc gi
Nng dung lng mng
B sung dch v
Xu th pht trin ca Thng tin di ng

Dch v a mi trng
Tc d liu cao
Thit b v tuyn tr nn ph bin
Phn cng ngy cng nhanh, nh v r
Phn mm ngy cng thng minh, linh hot
Mng hp nht mt mng cho tt c dch v
MIMO massive MIMO
Internet of Things
M hnh h thng thng tin di ng t bo
Tng quan GSM

Kin trc c bn
u cui di ng MS (Mobile Station)
Trm thu pht gc BTS (Base Transceiver Station) /nodeB
H thng iu khin trm thu pht gc BSC (Base Station C...
Trung tm chuyn mch di ng MSC/TSC
B ghi nh v ch HLR
B ghi nh v khch VLR
Trung tm nhn thc AUC
 BSC: Base Station Controller
TRAU: Transcoder and Rate Adaptation Unit
MSC: Mobile Switching Centre
Kin trc c bn TSC: Transit Switching Centre
HLR: Home Location Register
VLR: Visitor Location Register
SGSN: Serving GPRS Support Node
GGSN: Gateway GPRS Support Node
PSTN: Public Switched Telephone Network
PCU: Packet Control Unit
AuC: Authentication Centre
A-bis A-ter A

B
T
S 1 E1 PSTN
TRAU
BSC MSC/ TSC

B
T 2 E1 PCU
S HLR/AUC

Gb
OMC-R

MSC IP GPRS
Backbone Internet
SGSN GGSN

Kin trc c bn h thng thng tin di ng trong h thng GSM

Kt ni BSS
Base Transceiver Station (BTS)
Base Station Controller (BSC)
Cu hnh sector
(only one station) Cu hnh a kt ni
BTS (Multidrop)

BTS BTS

BTS

Um
MS
Abis
u ni chui

BSC
BTS BTS BTS

u ni hnh sao 1 E1
BTS
2 E1
BTS
u ni hnh sao

Kt ni truyn dn cuhnh BSS (base station subsystem)

u cui di ng MS (Mobile Station)

MS bao gm cc thit b vt l nh b thu pht v tuyn, b

hin th, b x l tn hiu s v th SIM.
MS cung cp giao din v tuyn cho ngi s dng trong
mng GSM. Nh vy, cc dch v khc cng c cung cp,
bao gm:
Dch v thoi
Dch v d liu
Cc dch v b sung
SIM cho php ngi dng c th truy cp vo tt c cc dch
v thu bao bt k v tr no ca thit b u cui trong
mng ca nh cung cp dch v.
MS+SIM=Thu bao
u cui di ng MS (Mobile Station)

MS cung cp cho ngi dng dch v SMS, cho php ngi dng chuyn i gia thoi v
s dng d liu, cc dch v nhn tin bng ging ni.
MS cng cung cp cc dch v d liu khc nh:
X.25 chuyn mch gi thng qua kt ni quay s ng b hoc khng ng b vi tc khong
9,6 Kb / giy.
Cc dch v v tuyn gi chung (GPRS) s dng phng php truyn d liu X.25 hoc IP da
trn tc ln n 115 Kbps.
Dch v d liu chuyn mch knh vi tc ti a 64 Kbps.
Trm thu pht gc BTS (Base Transceiver
Station) /nodeB
Chc nng : To vng ph sng di ng.
Nhim v:
Thu/Pht tn hiu v tuyn.
Kt ni vi BSC.
iu khin cuc gi.
Cn bng cng sut my u cui.
Qun l thu bao MS.
Cung cp dch v.
Bo mt giao din Um.
H thng iu khin trm thu pht gc BSC
(Base Station Controller)
BSC/RNC (Radio Network Controller): H
thng iu khin trm gc
Chc nng: iu khin hot ng trm gc.
Nhim v :
Qun l lu gi c s d liu trm gc.
Vng h
ng b, iu khin chuyn mch cuc gi
gia cc BTS trong cng BSC BTS3
BTS2
Chuyn i tc knh v tuyn vi knh
tng i. Vng
ng
Phn loi :
Mobile
Local : BSC+ TRAU t cng v tr. Stations BTS1
BSC
Remote : TRAU t cng tng i MSC.

Vng ph sng BTS

 H thng iu khin trm thu pht gc BSC
(Base Station Controller)
Base Station Subsystem Circuit switched traffic

Packet data traffic

OMC-R

A-bis A
16 Kb/s A-ter
BTS 16 Kb/s 64 Kb/s
A-ter MSC
BSC (mux) TC

Um
13 Kb/s MFS
(TRAU)

MS SGSN

BTS Gb

E1 E1 E1
MFS: Multi-BSC Fast packet Server Kt ni c bn BSC
Trung tm chuyn mch di ng MSC/TSC
(Mobile Switching Centre/Transit Switching Centre)

Chc nng: iu khin kt ni cuc gi.

Nhim v:
nh tuyn, ng b, tnh cc, nh s
Qun l thu bao a dch v ISDN,
Kt ni cc h thng dch v VAT, kt ni mng ngoi.
Phn loi :
Chuyn mch knh: MSC (Mobile Switching Centre).
Chuyn mch mm MSS (Mobile Softswitch Solution).
Tng i cng: GMSC (Gateway MSC).
B ghi nh v ch HLR (Home Location Register)

Chc nng: qun l ng k thu bao ch.

Nhim v:
Lu tr s thu bao ton cu IMSI
(International Mobile Subscriber Identity).
Kim sot ng nhp mng,
Phn Loi thu bao: White-Black-Gray List.
Qun l dch v thu bao: Tr trc- Tr sau.
IMSI
MCC Mobile country code:
3 ch s
MNC Mobile network code:
2 ch s
Bao gm 15 ch s MSIN Mobile subscriber
identity number:10 ch s
MCC MNC MSIN

hlr ID + X1 X2 X3 X4 X5 X6 X7 X8

a ch HLR 8 ch s
2 ch s
MSISDN
CC country code: 1-3 ch s
NDC national dest. code: 2-4 ch s
SN subscriber number: 7-8 ch s

Quay:
Ti a 15 ch s MSISDN

CC ndC sn

hlr ID + X1 X2 X3 X4 X5
a ch HLR 5 ch s
2 ch s
B ghi nh v khch VLR (Visitor Location Register)

Chc nng:
B qun l ng k thu bao khch.
Nhim v:
Qun l s thu bao vng lai
Phn loi:
(Theo tng i MSC)
Trung tm nhn thc AUC (Authentication
Centre)
Chc nng: Cung cp thng tin cho MSC/VLR nhn
thc thu bao v thit lp th tc ng truyn v tuyn
gia mng v cc MS
Nhim v: to thng tin cung cp gm b 3:
1. S ngu nhin khng th d on RAND (RANDom)
2. SRES (Signed RESponse)
3. Kha m ha Kc (ciphering Key)
Ti thi im ng k, thu bao c gn kha nhn
thc Ki.
Trong mng: Ki c lu trong AUC theo IMSI ca thu
bao
Trong MS: Ki v IMSI c lu trong SIM
Cc bc thc hin:
1. To RAND
2. RAND v Ki c dng tnh SRES v Kc s dng thut
ton A3 v A8 tng ng
3. B 3: RAND, SRES v Kc c chuyn n HLR
Th tc nhn thc AuC

1. MSC/VLR pht RAND cho MS.

2. MS tnh SRES s dng RAND v Ki theo thut ton A3
3. MS tnh Kc bng cch s dng Ki v RAND theo thut ton A8. Kc sau ny s c s dng
m ha v gii m trong MS.
4. Ch k SRES c gi ngc v MSC/VLR tin hnh nhn thc. Kim tra SRES ph hp
hay khng. Nu ph hp th thu bao c php truy cp mng, nu khng th thu bao b cm
truy cp.
Nhn thc c th c la chn bi nh iu hnh theo:
Thi im ng k
Thi im thit lp cuc gi
Thi im cp nht v tr
Trc khi kch hot dch v b sung v ngng hot ng
Th tc m ha Mt chui mt m c to ra bng cch s dng
Kc v s khung ca TDMA trong thut ton m ha
A5.
Mc ch: m bo s ring t lin quan n tn
hiu v thng tin ngi dng (thoi v d liu).
kim tra th tc m ha lnh ch m ho
thc t (M: ciphering mode) c s dng nh
sau:
1. M v Kc c gi t MSC/VLR n BTS.
2. M c BTS chuyn tip cho MS.
3. M c m ha s dng Kc v s khung TDMA
theo thut ton A5.
4. Thng ip m ha c gi cho BTS.
5. M c gii m trong BTS s dng Kc v s
khung TDMA theo thut ton A5.
6. Thng ip hon thnh kiu m ha c gi v
MSC.
Th tc nh danh thit b EIR

Equipment Identification Procedure

EIR s dng nh danh thit b IMEI m bo MS ph hp
1. MSC/VLR yu cu IMEI t MS.
2. MS gi IMEI n MSC.
3. MSC/VLR gi IMEI n EIR.
4. Khi nhn IMEI, EIR kim tra cc danh sch:
white list cha tt c cc chui s ca mi nh danh thit b m c phn b trong cc h thng GSM
ton cu
black list cha tt c cc nh danh thit b cm truy cp
gray list (trn cp iu hnh) cha cc thit b li
5. Kt qu gi v MSC/VLR quyt nh cho php/cm thit b truy cp vo mng.
Tng quan h thng thng tin di ng 3G

Kin trc 3G WCDMA UMTS R3

Thit b ngi s dng
Mng truy cp v tuyn UTRAN
B iu khin mng v tuyn RNCNode B
Mng li CN
Node h tr GPRS dch v - Node h tr GPRS cng
Cng bin BG
MSC v GMSC
Mi trng ch HE
Kin trc 3G WCDMA UMTS R4
Kin trc 3G WCDMA UMTS R5 v R6
Tng quan h thng thng tin di ng 3G

UMTS = Universal Mobile Telecommunications System

L chun IMT-2000 - mt gii php trin khai s dng li phn ln mng li GSM
S dng cng ngh truy nhp v tuyn WCDMA
WCDMA = Wideband Code Division Multiple Access
K thut truy nhp v tuyn RAN (radio access network) trong chun UMTS
Kin trc 3G WCDMA UMTS R3

Mt mng UMTS bao gm ba phn: UE (User Equipment), UTRAN (UMTS Terrestrial Radio
Network), CN (Core Network)
UE bao gm ba thit b: thit b u cui (TE), thit b di ng (ME) v module nhn dng thu
bao UMTS (USIM: UMTS Subscriber Identity Module).
UTRAN gm cc RNS (Radio Network System), RNS bao gm RNC (Radio Network Controller) v
cc nt B ni vi n.
Mng li CN bao gm min chuyn mch knh, chuyn mch gi v HE (Home Environment).
HE bao gm cc c s d liu: AuC (Authentication Center), HLR (Home Location Register) v
EIR (Equipment Identity Register).
Thit b ngi s dng

UE (User Equipment: thit b ngi s dng): l u cui mng UMTS ca ngi s dng.
Thit b u cui TE:
H tr hai giao din. Giao din Uu nh ngha lin kt v tuyn (giao din WCDMA) - m nhim ton
b kt ni vt l vi mng UMTS. Giao din Cu gia UMTS IC card (UICC) v thit b u cui giao din
tun theo tiu chun cho cc card thng minh.
USIM:
Trong GSM: SIM card lu gi thng tin c nhn (ng k thu bao) ci cng trn card.
Trong UMTS: Modul nhn dng thu bao UMTS c ci nh mt ng dng trn UICC (UMTS IC card
). cho php lu nhiu ng dng hn v nhiu ch k (kha) in t hn cng vi USIM cho cc mc
ch khc (cc m truy nhp giao dch ngn hng an ninh).
Ngoi ra c th c nhiu USIM trn cng mt UICC h tr truy nhp n nhiu mng.
USIM cha cc hm v s liu cn nhn dng v nhn thc thu bao. N c th lu c bn sao h s
ca thu bao.
Mng truy cp v tuyn UTRAN

UTRAN (UMTS Terrestrial Radio Access Network): lin kt gia ngi s dng v CN.
UTRAN c nh ngha gia hai giao din:
Giao din Iu gia UTRAN v CN, gm hai phn: IuPS cho min chuyn mch gi v IuCS cho min
chuyn mch knh;
Giao din Uu gia UTRAN v thit b ngi s dng. Gia hai giao din ny l hai nt, RNC v nt
B.
B iu khin mng v tuyn RNC
RNC (Radio Network Controller) chu trch nhim cho mt hay nhiu trm gc v iu
khin cc ti nguyn ca chng.
L im truy nhp dch v m UTRAN cung cp cho CN. RNC c ni n CN bng hai kt
ni, mt cho min chuyn mch gi (n GPRS) v mt n min chuyn mch knh
(MSC).
Bo v s b mt v ton vn. Sau th tc nhn thc v tha thun kha, cc kho bo
mt v ton vn c t vo RNC. Sau cc kha ny c s dng bi cc hm an
ninh f8 v f9.
Chuyn giao mm: Ngi s dng c kt ni vo mt RNC phc v (SRNC: Serving
RNC). Khi ngi s dng chuyn vng n mt RNC khc nhng vn kt ni vi RNC c,
mt RNC tri (DRNC: Drift RNC) s cung cp ti nguyn v tuyn cho ngi s dng,
nhng RNC phc v vn qun l kt ni ca ngi s dng n CN. Ch mt SRNC l m
bo giao din Iu kt ni vi mng li cn cc RNC khc (DRNC) ch lm nhim v nh
tuyn thng tin gia cc Iub v Iur.
RNC iu khin (CRNC: Control RNC): Mi nt B c mt RNC iu khin chu trch nhim
cho cc ti nguyn v tuyn ca n.
Node B

Trong UMTS trm gc c gi l nt B v nhim v ca n l thc hin kt ni v tuyn

vt l gia u cui vi n.
Node B nhn tn hiu trn giao din Iub t RNC v chuyn n vo tn hiu v tuyn trn
giao din Uu.
Node B thc hin mt s thao tc qun l ti nguyn v tuyn c s nh "iu khin cng
sut vng trong".
Tnh nng ny phng nga vn gn xa; ngha l nu tt c cc u cui u pht cng mt
cng sut, th cc u cui gn nt B nht s che lp tn hiu t cc u cui xa.
Node B kim tra cng sut thu t cc u cui khc nhau v thng bo cho chng gim cng sut
hoc tng cng sut sao cho nt B lun thu c cng sut nh nhau t tt c cc u cui.
Mng li CN

Mng li (CN) c chia thnh ba min: chuyn mch gi PS (Packet Switching), chuyn
mch knh (Circuit Switching) v mi trng ch HE (Home Environment).
Min PS m bo cc dch v s liu cho ngi s dng bng cc kt ni n Internet v cc
mng s liu khc.
Min CS m bo cc dch v in thoi n cc mng khc bng cc kt ni TDM. Cc nt B
trong CN c kt ni vi nhau bng ng trc ca nh khai thc, thng s dng cc cng
ngh mng tc cao nh ATM v IP. Mng ng trc trong min CS s dng TDM cn trong
min PS s dng IP.
Min HE: lu cc h s thu bao ca hng khai thc. HE cung cp cho cc mng phc v (SN:
Serving Network) cc thng tin v thu bao v v cc cn thit nhn thc ngi s dng v
tnh cc cho cc dch v cung cp.
Node h tr GPRS dch v

SGSN (Serving GPRS Support Node) l nt chnh ca min chuyn mch gi.
Ni n UTRAN thng qua giao din IuPS v n GGSN thng quan giao din Gn.
Chu trch nhim cho tt c kt ni PS ca tt c cc thu bao.
Lu hai kiu d liu thu bao: thng tin ng k thu bao v thng tin v tr thu bao.
S liu thu bao lu trong SGSN gm:
IMSI (International Mobile Subsscriber Identity: s nhn dng thu bao di ng quc t)
Cc nhn dng tm thi gi (P-TMSI: Packet- Temporary Mobile Subscriber Identity: s nhn dng thu
bao di ng tm thi gi)
Cc a ch PDP (Packet Data Protocol: Giao thc s liu gi)
S liu v tr lu trn SGSN:
Vng nh tuyn thu bao (RA: Routing Area)
S VLR
Cc a ch GGSN ca tng GGSN c kt ni tch cc
Node h tr GPRS cng

GGSN (Gateway GPRS Support Node) l mt SGSN kt ni vi cc mng s liu khc.

Tt c cc cuc truyn thng s liu t thu bao n cc mng ngoi u qua GGSN.
Cng ging SGSN, GGSN lu c hai kiu s liu: thng tin thu bao v thng tin v tr.
S liu thu bao lu trong GGSN:
IMSI
Cc a ch PDP
S liu v tr lu trong GGSN:
a ch SGSN hin thu bao ang ni n
GGSN ni n Internet thng qua giao din Gi v n BG thng qua Gp.
Cng bin BG

BG (Border Gatway) l mt cng gia min PS ca PLMN vi cc mng khc.

Chc nng ca nt ny ging nh tng la ca Internet: m bo mng an ninh
chng li cc tn cng bn ngoi.
B ghi nh v khch VLR

VLR (Visitor Location Register) l bn sao ca HLR cho mng phc v SN (Serving Network).
D liu thu bao cn thit cung cp cc dch v thu bao c copy t HLR v lu y.
MSC v SGSN u c VLR ni vi chng.
S liu sau y c lu trong VLR:
IMSI
MSISDN
TMSI (nu c)
LA hin thi ca thu bao
MSC/SGSN hin thi m thu bao ni n
Ngoi ra VLR c th lu gi thng tin v cc dch v m thu bao c cung cp.
C SGSN v MSC u c thc hin trn cng mt nt vt l vi VLR v th c gi l
VLR/SGSN v VLR/MSC.
MSC v GMSC

MSC:
MSC thc hin cc kt ni CS gia u cui v mng.
N thc hin cc chc nng bo hiu v chuyn mch cho cc thu bao trong vng qun l ca
mnh.
Chc nng ging chc nng MSC trong GSM, nhng n c nhiu kh nng hn.
Cc kt ni CS c thc hin trn giao din CS gia UTRAN v MSC.
Cc MSC c ni n cc mng ngoi qua GMSC.
GMSC:
GMSC c th l mt trong s cc MSC.
GMSC chu trch nhim thc hin cc chc nng nh tuyn n vng c MS.
Khi mng ngoi tm cch kt ni n PLMN ca mt nh khai thc, GMSC nhn yu cu thit lp
kt ni v hi HLR v MSC hin thi qun l MS.
Mi trng ch HE

HE (Home Environment) lu cc h s thu bao ca hng khai thc.

Cung cp cho cc mng phc v (SN: Serving Network) cc thng tin v thu bao v v
cc cn thit nhn thc ngi s dng v tnh cc cho cc dch v cung cp.
Tt c cc dch v c cung cp v cc dch v b cm u c lit k y.
Bao gm HLR, AuC v EIR
B ghi nh v ch HLR

HLR l mt c s d liu c nhim v qun l cc thu bao di ng.

Mt mng di ng c th cha nhiu HLR ty thuc vo s lng thu bao, dung lng
ca tng HLR v t chc bn trong mng.
C s d liu gm IMSI (International Mobile Subsscriber Identity), t nht mt MSISDN
(Mobile Station ISDN: s thu bao c trong danh b in thoi) v t nht mt a ch PDP
(Packet Data Protocol: Giao thc s liu gi).
C IMSI v MSISDN c th s dng lm kho truy nhp n cc thng tin c lu
khc.
nh tuyn v tnh cc cc cuc gi, HLR cn lu gi thng tin v SGSN v VLR no
hin ang chu trch nhim thu bao.
Cc dch v khc nh chuyn hng cuc gi, tc s liu v th thoi cng c trong
danh sch cng vi cc hn ch dch v nh cc hn ch chuyn mng.
Trung tm nhn thc AuC

AUC (Authentication Center) lu gi ton b s liu cn thit nhn thc, mt m ha

v bo v s ton vn thng tin cho ngi s dng.
AUC lin kt vi HLR v c thc hin cng vi HLR trong cng mt nt vt l. Tuy nhin
cn m bo rng AuC ch cung cp thng tin v cc vect nhn thc (AV: Authetication
Vector) cho HLR.
AuC lu gi kha b mt chia s K cho tng thu bao cng vi tt c cc hm to kha t
f0 n f5.
AuC to ra cc AV, c trong thi gian thc khi SGSN/VLR yu cu hay khi ti x l thp, ln
cc AV d tr.
B ghi nhn dng thit b (EIR)

EIR (Equipment Identity Register) chu trch nhim lu cc s nhn dng thit b di ng
quc t (IMEI: International Mobile Equipment Identity).
y l s nhn dng duy nht cho thit b u cui.
C s d liu ny c chia thnh ba danh mc: danh mc trng, xm v en.
Danh mc trng cha cc s IMEI c php truy nhp mng.
Danh mc xm cha IMEI ca cc u cui ang b theo di.
Danh mc en cha cc s IMEI ca cc u cui b cm truy nhp mng.
Khi mt u cui c thng bo l b mt cp, IMEI ca n s b t vo danh mc en v th n b cm
truy nhp mng.
Danh mc ny cng c th c s dng cm cc seri my c bit khng c truy nhp mng khi
chng khng hot ng theo tiu chun.
Cc giao din

Giao din Cu. l giao din chun cho cc card thng minh trong UE, kt ni gia USIM v
UE
Giao din Uu. l giao din v tuyn. y l giao din m qua UE truy nhp vo phn c
nh ca mng. Giao din ny nm gia nodeB v u cui.
Giao din Iu. kt ni UTRAN v CN. N gm hai phn, IuPS cho min chuyn mch gi,
IuCS cho min chuyn mch knh.
Giao din Iur. l giao din RNC-RNC. Ban u c thit k m bo chuyn giao mm
gia cc RNC, nhng trong qu trnh pht trin nhiu tnh nng mi c b sung.
Giao din Iub. kt ni node B v RNC. Khc vi GSM y l giao din m.
 Kin trc 3G WCDMA UMTS R4

HSS: Home Subscriber Server

Mng li l mng phn b v chuyn mch mm thay cho MSC chuyn mch knh.
MSC c chia thnh MSC server v cng cc phng tin (MGW: Media Gateway).
MSC server cha tt c cc phn mm iu khin cuc gi, qun l di ng
Ma trn chuyn mch nm trong MGW c MSC Server iu khin v c th t xa MSC Server.
Kin trc 3G WCDMA UMTS R5 v R6

im mi ca R5 v R6 l n a ra mt min mi c gi l phn h a phng tin IP (IMS: IP

Multimedia Subsystem). y l mt min mng IP c thit k h tr cc dch v a phng tin thi
gian thc IP.
H thng thng tin di ng 4G LTE

Long Term Evolution

chun cho cng ngh truyn thng d liu khng dy v l mt s tin ha ca GSM v UMTS
c hon thnh vo thng 12 nm 2008 v dch v LTE u tin c hng TeliaSonera khai
trng Oslo v Stockholm vo ngy 14 thng 12 nm 2009
Mc tiu ca LTE:
tng dung lng v tc d liu ca cc mng d liu khng dy bng cch s dng cc k thut iu
ch v x l tn hiu s mi
thit k li v n gin ha kin trc mng thnh mt h thng da trn nn IP vi tr truyn dn
tng gim ng k so vi kin trc mng 3G
nng cp 3G UMTS cui cng c th thc s tr thnh cng ngh truyn thng di ng 4G
kh nng qun l cc thit b di ng chuyn ng nhanh v h tr cc lung d liu qung b
v a im
c im

Tc ti xung nh ln ti 299.6 Mbit/s v tc ti ln t 75.4 Mbit/s ph thuc vo kiu

thit b ngi dng (vi 4x4 anten s dng rng bng thng l 20 MHz).
Tr truyn dn d liu tng th thp (thi gian tr i-v di 5 ms cho cc gi IP nh trong iu
kin ti u)
Ci thin h tr cho tnh di ng, thit b u cui di chuyn vi vn tc ln ti 500 km/h
OFDMA c dng cho ng xung, SC-FDMA dng cho ng ln tit kim cng sut.
H tr c hai h thng dng FDD v TDD cng nh FDD bn song cng
H tr kch thc t bo t bn knh hng chc m (femto v picocell) ln ti cc macrocell bn
knh 100 km.
H tr t nht 200 u cui d liu hot ng trong mi t bo c bng thng 5 MHz.
n gin ha kin trc: pha mng E-UTRAN ch gm cc eNodeB.
H tr hot ng vi cc chun c (v d nh GSM/EDGE, UMTS v CDMA2000).
Giao din v tuyn chuyn mch gi.
Kin trc LTE

LTE c thit k h tr cho cc dch v chuyn mch gi, cung cp cc kt ni IP gia

cc thit b ngi s dng UE v mng d liu gi.
LTE c kin trc phng hn v rt n gin ch vi 2 loi trm c th l eNodeB v thc
th qun l di ng/cng MME/GW
Thit b ngi dng UE

Kin trc UE ca ngi dng cho LTE ging UMTS v GSM gm:
Kt cui in thoi di ng Mobile Termination (MT): x l tt c cc chc nng lin lc.
Thit b u cui Terminal Equipment (TE): Kt cui ca cc dng d liu.
Universal Integrated Circuit Card (UICC): Cn c gi l th SIM cho cc thit b LTE. Vn hnh
ng dng c gi l Universal Subscriber Identity Module (USIM).
USIM lu tr d liu ngi dng c th rt ging vi th SIM 3G. iu ny s gip thng tin v s in
thoi, nh danh tnh mng ni b v an ninh ngi s dng,...
Kin trc U-TRAN

Mng truy nhp v tuyn E-UTRAN ca LTE ch bao gm cc eNodeB

Chc nng ca E-UTRAN lin quan n phn v tuyn, bao gm:
Qun l ngun ti nguyn v tuyn: cha ng cc thng tin v tuyn nh iu khin thng tin v
tuyn, iu khin ng dn, lp k hoch v cp pht ng ti nguyn n cc UE c ng ln v
ng xung.
Nn Header.
Bo mt: tt c cc d liu truyn i u c m ha.
Kt ni vi EPC: gm tn hiu bo hiu hng n MME v bearer path hng n S-GW.
Kin trc mng li CN

Mng li CN (c gi l EPC trong SAE) p ng cho vic iu khin UE v thit lp cc

bearer. Cc node chnh ca EPC gm:
Serving Gateway
Mobility Management Entity
Policy and Charging Rules Function
Packet Data Network Gateway
Serving Gateway

L im kt thc s truy nhp t mng truy nhp v tuyn E-UTRAN, cc chc nng chnh
bao gm :
H tr chuyn giao t eNodeB ny sang eNodeB khc trong qu trnh thit b di ng di chuyn.
Kt thc s truy nhp t mng truy nhp v tuyn 3GPP.
Cung cp chc nng cho mng v tuyn khi ch nhn ri l m cc gi ng xung v
kch hot cc th tc yu cu dch v.
nh s th t cc gi trn downlink v uplink.
Tnh ton chi ph ngi dng.
Cho php cp quyn truy cp.
nh tuyn gi tin v chuyn tip gi tin.
H tr tnh cc.
Mobility Management Entity

Thc th qun l tnh di ng (MME) l thnh phn iu khin chnh trong EPC.
MME thc thi cc chc nng mt phng iu khin lin quan n qun l thu bao v
qun l phin.
Cc chc nng chnh ca MME trong cu hnh kin trc c bn h thng :
Xc thc v bo mt.
Qun l tnh di ng.
Qun l h s thu bao v dch v kt ni.
Trung tm nhn thc.
H tr cc thu bao 2G/3G truy nhp mng LTE
Policy and Charging Rules Function

Chc nng chnh sch v tnh cc l phn t mng chu trch nhim kim sot chnh
sch v tnh cc PCC (Plolicy and Charging Control).
PCC quyt nh cch x l cc dch v theo QoS v cung cp thng tin cho chc nng thc
thi chin lc v tnh cc trong PGW v cung cp thng tin cho chc nng thit lp rng
buc knh mang v bo co s kin c th thit lp cc knh mang v chnh sch
tng ng.
PCRF l mt server thng c t cng vi cc phn t ca mng li ti cc trung tm
chuyn mch ca nh khai thc.
Packet Data Network Gateway PGW

Cng mng s liu gi l mt router bin gia EPS v cc mng s liu bn ngoi.
Thng hot ng nh mt im truy nhp mng IP i vi UE.
Thc hin cc chc nng m cng lu lng v lc theo yu cu ca dch v.
Tng t nh SGW, cc PGW c th c khai thc ngay ti v tr trung tm ca nh khai
thc.
Kin trc GSM, UMTS v LTE
BTS/NodeB SGSN
BSC/RNC
Pre R8
Gb PCRF
2G/3G
Iu

R7 DT Gn Gn
BTS BSC 2G SGSN Gx
R8 2G Gb SGi
Internet

SGi Operator services

S5
S12 DT SGW PGW
S4
NodeB RNC
SGi
R8 3G
Iu

S11 HSS
SGSN

S1-U S3 S6a
eNodeB
LTE S1-MME
MSC
SGs

MME
S10

Control plane
User plane