content

Introduction
Operation principle
Types of SMA
Economical Outlook
Applications
References
introduction
Smart materials are designed materials that have one
or more properties that can be significantly changed in
a controlled fashion by external stimuli, such
as stress, temperature, moisture, electric or
magnetic fields.
Types of Smart material:
Shape memory alloy
Piezoelectric
Thermoelectric materials
Thermochromic
Photochromic, etc.
SMA
SMA are the Materials which have the ability to return
to a predetermined shape when heated or cooled, or
below its transformation temperature.
When it is heated above its transformation temperature
it undergoes a change in crystal structure which causes
it to return to its original shape.
The most common shape memory material is an alloy
of nickel and titanium called Nitinol
This particular alloy has very good electrical and
mechanical properties, long fatigue life, and high
corrosion resistance.
 Operation principle
SMA has two stable phases
1) Austenite (high temperature phase)
2) Martensite (low temperature phase)

Fig. 1: Different phases of a shape memory alloy

Contd

(a) (b)
Fig. 2: (a)Temperature-induced phase transformation of a shape memory alloy without
mechanical loading. (b) hysteresis curve
types
Types of SMA
One way SMA
Cu-Al-Ni Alloy, Ti51Ni49
Two way SMA
Types of Alloys
Ni-Ti
Copper
nitinol
The term nitinol is derived from its composition and its place
of discovery: (Nickel Titanium-Naval Ordnance Laboratory).
Nitinol is actuator, sensor and heater all in one material
Nitinol thin film actuators have attracted significant
development efforts in the recent past years.
Nitinol films normally less than 10m in thickness were
deposited on silicon, glass or polymeric substrates by sputter
deposition.
ECONOMICAL OUTLOOK

1 Billion dollar market

75% - Electro-ceramics
10% -Shape Memory Materials
10% - Magnetostrictive materials
5% - Active Fluids
application
MEMS electrical & thermal Actuator
Micro-grippers
Aerospace and Naval Applications
Medical
Dentistry
Repair broken bones
Replace damage discs
Cellular phones
Robotics arm
Fire alarm sensor
Arts
References
www.google.com
www.wikipedia.com
www.studymafia.org
www.pptplanet.com
Thank you