Mexican Geography

Prepared by:
Marc Allaine R.
Lazaro
BSED 3-4
 Area
Total 1,972,550 km2 (761,610 sq mi)

Land 1,923,040 km2 (742,490 sq mi)

Water 49,510 km2 (19,120 sq mi)

Borders
United States 3,141 km (1,952 mi)
Guatemala 871 km (541 mi)
Belize 251 km (156 mi)
Coastlines 9,330 km (5,800 mi)
Maritime claims
Contiguous zone 24 nautical miles (44.4 km;
27.6 mi)
Economic zone 200 nautical miles (370.4 km;
230.2 mi)
Territorial sea 12 nautical miles (22.2 km;
13.8 mi)
The topography of China has
been divided by the government
into five homogeneous physical
macro-regions, namely Eastern
China (subdivided into the
northeast plain, north plain, and
southern hills), Xinjiang-Mongolia,
and the Tibetan highlands
HOTSPOTS
The Great Wall of China
 One of the iconic symbols of China, the Great Wall
is the longest wall in the world, an awe-inspiring feat of
ancient defensive architecture. Its winding path over
rugged country and steep mountains takes in some
great scenery. It deserves its place among "the New
Seven Wonders of the World" and the UNESCO World
Heritage Sites in China.

The wall spans from China's western frontier to the

east coast, totaling around 5,000 km (3,100 miles), but
the most integrated and best preserved sections are
close to Beijing. So this is what people usually mean
when mentioning the Great Wall of China.
The Terracotta Army in Xi'an
 The Terracotta Army has laid underground for more than
2,000 years. However, in 1974, farmers digging a well uncovered
one of the greatest archaeological sites in the world. In 1987 it
became World Cultural Heritage. It is significant because the
hundreds of detailed life-size models represent the army that
triumphed over all other Chinese armies in the Warring States
Period (475221 BC), and who were the decisive factor in forming
a united China. It raises interesting questions about why it was
made, which await your consideration when you come face-to-
face with soldiers of the past.
The Forbidden City in Beijing
It was once a "palace city" where ordinary people were
forbidden entry. An extravagant demonstration of ancient
Chinese architecture, over 8,000 rooms with golden roofs
are elegantly designed and painted in red and yellow. The
Forbidden City was the imperial palace of the Ming and
Qing Dynasties for 560 years till 1911.

24 emperors lived there. World Cultural Heritage, and now

known as the Palace Museum' among Chinese, it is a
treasure house of Chinese cultural and historical relics. It is
recognized as one of the five most important palaces in the
world (with the Palace of Versailles in France, Buckingham
Palace in the UK, the White House in the US, and the Kremlin
in Russia).
The Li River in Guilin
The karst landscape along the Li River has captured
the heart of artists. Generations of Chinese painters
and poets have been inspired by the beauty of
nature there, using their pens and brushes to capture
the breath-taking natural scenery. Nowadays it's a
popular photography destination. When Chinese
travelers seek a place for natural beauty, they first
think of Li River and Yangzhou. The 83-kilometer-long
section of the Li River between Guilin and Yangzhou is
the most beautiful. The river landscape is decorated
with startling hills, steep cliffs, and farming villages, and
is lined with bamboo groves
The Yellow Mountains in Huangshan
In east China, close to Shanghai and Hangzhou,
the Yellow Mountain Scenic Area woos travelers
with its five wonders: sun rises, seas of clouds,
oddly-shaped rocks, twisted pine trees, and hot
springs. The Yellow Mountains are the most famous
peaks in China, and one of China's three best
national parks the other two being Zhangjiajie
National Forest Park and Jiuzhaigou National Forest
Park.
Giant Pandas in Chengdu
The giant panda is not only deeply loved by the Chinese, but by
many foreigners too, and not just children. Although there are
many zoos in China and elsewhere, where you can see a giant
panda, the best place to see them is Chengdu the giant
panda's "hometown". There are three places you can see
pandas close up: Chengdu Panda Breeding and Research
Center, Dujiangyan Panda Valley, and Bifengxia Panda Base.
The Potala Palace in Lhasa
The Potala Palace is a symbol of Tibet. In 1994 it was
declared a UNESCO World Cultural Heritage Site. It is
a huge treasure house of materials and articles from
Tibetan history, religion, culture and art. The palace is
widely known for the precious sculptures, murals,
scriptures, Buddhist statues, murals, antiques, and
religious jewelry housed within.
The Bund in Shanghai
The Bund is one of the most recognizable architectural
symbols of Shanghai. It showcases the world with its
colonial European buildings and skyscrapers the other
side of the Huangpu, housing one of the world's
foremost business districts.
The Bund was Shanghai's most prosperous area in late
18th century and early 19th century. When the first
British company opened an office at the Bund in 1846,
it became the epitome of elegance.
Population
The current population of China is 1,389,011,757 as of
Saturday, August 19, 2017, based on the latest United
Nations estimates.
China population is equivalent to 18.47% of the total
world population.
China ranks number 1 in the list of countries (and
dependencies) by population.
The population density in China is 148 per Km2 (383
people per mi2).
The total land area is 9,390,784 Km2 (3,625,800 sq. miles)
59.1 % of the population is urban (819,767,019 people in
2017)
The median age in China is 37.3 years.
Political Socialization is how individuals perform
their political attitudes and political culture. It also
refers to how the political culture is carried on
from generation to generation. There are two
different types of political socialization: Direct and
Indirect.
Direct or Indirect?

Direct
Political Socialization involves explicit communication
of information, values, or feelings towards politics.

Indirect
Political Socialization is when political views are
inadvertently molded by our experiences. These
experiences are generally made when an individual is a
young child, such as parental and teacher
relationships.
 China has a direct form of political
socialization because it is a communist country.
Communism uses indoctrination programs,
meaning to teach or enforce a set of beliefs
unto a group of people or an individual.
Agents of Political Socialization are institutions and organizations that
influence political attitudes.

The different agents are:

- Family
- School
- Religious Institutions
- Peer Groups
- Mass Media
- Social Class and Gender
- Interest Groups
- Political Parties
- Direct contact with governmental structures

In regard to government, interest groups as well as political parties are

extremely important and cast a large influence over the citizens attitudes.
 Interest Groups in China
An interest group are a social group whose members control some
field of activity and who have common aims or goals.

In China, the authoritarian state has all of the power and makes all
of the final decisions. Despite this authoritarian attitude, there have been
appearances from interest groups leaving an impact on the situation and
citizens. There are a couple interest groups: Institutional, corporation,
anomic, and associational interest groups. Because of China's beliefs
regarding these interest groups, the government has attempted to
decrease the income disparity in order to regulate these groups. This give
benefits towards the citizens because it provides for example medical
insurance, increase in workers' wages, deleting various taxes, etc. Interest
groups in China are very embedded into the Chinese government.
 Political Parties
Communist Party of China -- consists of
over 80 million members. The Communist
Party of China, also known as the CPC, is
currently the largest and most powerful
political party in China.
Eight registered minor parties under the CPC direction
-Revolutionary Committee of the Kuomintang -- 53,000 members, the
citizens who did not escape to Taiwan. Considered to have second status
to the CPC.

-China Democratic League -- 130,000 members who are generally

middle to senior intellectuals, league of pro-democracy parties.

-China Democratic National Construction Association -- 69,000 members,

generally made up of private or state financial, manufacturing, and
commercial industry entrepreneurs.

-China Association for Promoting Democracy -- 65,000 members,

consists of mostly intellectuals from education or technology fields.
-Chinese Peasant's and Workers' Democratic Party -- 65,000
members, members work in public health, culture and education,
and science and technology.

-China Zhi Gong Party -- 15,000 members, overseas Chinese and

overseas relatives as well as noted scholars with overseas ties.

-Jiusan Society -- 68,000 members, medium to high level of

intellectuals in science, technology, education, culture, and medicine
fields.

-Taiwan Democratic Self-Government League -- 1,600 members,

consists of people who are Taiwanese or have Taiwanese heritage
but instead live in Mainland China.
Actively Suppressed Political Parties
-Democracy Party of China -- founded by the participants of the 1978
Chinese Democracy Wall Movement and the 1989 Democracy
Movement. It was founded in 1998 and then declared illegal in that
same year.

-New Democracy Party of China -- founded in 2007 by Guo Quan in

Nanjing.

-Union of Chinese Nationalists -- a group that began in 2004 but was

then declared illegal in September 2006. Leans towards the Pan-Blue
coalition on Taiwan ideals such as establishing a liberal democracy.
Characteristics of China
China is not a developed country. Despite having the world's
second-largest economy and third-largest military, China is still not
classified as a developed country. The biggest reason: Its per capita
GDP remains below any accepted minimum threshold for
developed-country status. Other attributes indicating China is not
developed include its high proportion of agriculture and low level of
technological innovation. Poverty is widespread in China; in fact,
more Chinese people live in poverty than the entire population of
England. Over one-sixth of the country's residents live on less than
$2 per day.

As of 2016, China's per capita GDP is $9,844. Its life expectancy is

75, and its infant mortality rate is nine per 1,000 live births.
Lets Have a
Great Year!