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Application Types

Variable Torque

Constant Torque
Variable Torque
Affinity Laws:

Flow is proportional to speed.


(Flow1 / Flow2) = (RPM1)/(RPM2)

Pressure is proportional to the square of the


speed.
(Press1 / Press2) = (RPM1)2 / (RPM2)2

HP is proportional to the cube of the speed.


(HP1 / HP2) = (RPM1 )3/ (RPM2)3
Variable Torque Curve







Variable Torque Curve
Region of continuous Region of intermittent
operation operation

200%
(Typical)
Torque

Continuous torque Peak torque


capability capability
100%

63% Load torque


Requirement

60 Speed in Hertz 120


Variable Torque - Flow

Flow is proportional to speed.


(Flow1 / Flow2) = (RPM1) / (RPM2)

Flow RPM Second Second


Gallons/min RPM Flow
10000 1800 900 5000.00
Variable Torque - Pressure
Pressure is proportional to the
square of the speed.

(Press1 / Press2) = (RPM1)2 / (RPM2)2

Pressure RPM Second Second


Lb/sq. in RPM Pressure (lb/sq. in)
1000 1800 3600 4000
Variable Torque - HP
HP is proportional to the cube of the speed.

(HP1 / HP2) = (RPM1)3 / (RPM2)3

Horsepower RPM Second Second


RPM Horsepower
10 1800 3600 80.00
Energy Savings Using VFDs
Energy Savings Using VFD's
Motor VFD
RPM 1750 RPM 1750 1600 1500 1400 1300 1200 900
HP 30.0 HP 30.0 22.9 18.9 15.4 12.3 9.7 4.1
Eff 88% Eff 89% 89% 89% 89% 89% 89% 89%
PF 90% PF 97% 97% 97% 97% 97% 97% 97%
Amps 35.47 Amps 32.54 24.87 20.49 16.66 13.34 10.49 4.43
Volts 460 Volts 460 460 460 460 460 460 460
kW 25.43 kW 25.15 19.22 15.84 12.87 10.31 8.11 3.42
Rate / Hr 0.06 Rate / Hr 0.06 0.06 0.06 0.06 0.06 0.06 0.06
24 Hrs $ 36.62 24 Hrs $ 36.21 $ 27.67 $ 22.80 $ 18.54 $ 14.84 $ 11.68 $ 4.93
Annual Cost $ 13,366.96 Annual Cost $ 13,217 $ 10,101 $ 8,323 $ 6,767 $ 5,418 $ 4,261 $ 1,798

Operating Costs Formulas


Hrs 3 6 1.5 9 3 1.5 HP2 = HP1 x ( RPM2/RPM1)3
% speed 60% 100% 75% 80% 80% 90% kW = (E x I x PF x 1.732) / 1000
RPM 1050 1750 1312.5 1400 1400 1575 Amps = (746 x HP) /(1.732 x E x Eff x PF)
HP 6.48 30.00 12.66 15.36 15.36 21.87 Kw / Hr Rate $ 0.06
Eff 89% 89% 89% 89% 89% 89% Voltage 460
PF 97% 97% 97% 97% 97% 97%
Amps 7.03 32.54 13.73 16.66 16.66 23.72
Volts 460 460 460 460 460 460 Totals
kW 16.29 150.88 15.91 115.87 38.62 27.50 kW 365.08
Rate / Hr 0.06 0.06 0.06 0.06 0.06 0.06 Rate / Hr 0.06
Total $ 0.98 $ 9.05 $ 0.95 $ 6.95 $ 2.32 $ 1.65 24 Hrs $ 21.90
Annual Cost $ 357 $ 3,304 $ 348 $ 2,538 $ 846 $ 602 Annual Cost $ 7,995.00
Variable Torque Applications

Irrigation Water Pumps Centrifugal Fans


Downhole Water Pumps Blowers
Submersible Water Air Handling Units
Pumps Chillers
Domestic Water Pumps
Centrifugal Sewage
Treatment Pumps
Types of Three Phase AC Motors
used on Pumps
Horizontal foot mounted Available in
Close coupled NEMA MG1 Part 30
&
Belt driven NEMA MG1 Part 31
Gear reducer

Vertical
Hollow shaft
Solid shaft
Available in
NEMA MG1 Part 30
Submersible only

Specialized winding
process
Single Phase Motors

IMPORTANT
NOTICE!!!!!

Single Phase Motor


Cannot be used with a VFD
Three Phase Motor
with THREE Phase Input

L1 T1
T2
L2
T3
L3

VFD is sized by the


Full Load Amperage
of the motor.
Three Phase Motor
with SINGLE Phase Input

L1 T1
T2
T3
L2

Output Voltage is
VFD is sized by the
the same as Input
Full Load Amperage
Voltage.
of the motor multiplied by 1.7
eg. For a 10HP motor with a FLA of
12 amps.
The VFD size would be
12 x 1.7 = 20.4 amps
Pump Packaging Options

Reactors line and load, Harmonic Filters, Sine Wave


DV/DT Filters
Disconnect, fusible or non-fusible
Bypass system, Cam Switch, 2 contactor,
3 contactor
Serial communication HVAC protocols
Standard and custom door mounted controls; any
combination
Pre-engineered packages
Nema 1, Nema 12, Sprinkler Proof and Nema 3R
Custom engineered packages
Bypass Package Nema 3R

Options
OPE Keypad
Fusible disconnect
3 Contactor Bypass
Line Reactor
Load Reactor
Forced Air Ventilation
Pump Packages

Standard Enclosure Options:


Nema 1
Nema 12
Nema 3R
Sprinkler Proof
Wall Mount
Floor Mount
WELLMAX

A USER FRIENDLY GRAPHICAL TOUCH SCREEN LCD with


sensible wording for easy operation.
Displays historical data of TORQUE, AMPS, and RPM (standard).
You can zoom in & out to examine any data point of interest.
An optional memory card will CONSTANTLY STORE DATA, which can be retrieved by the
user.
An optional four inch printer will be available for on the site printing of information.
PUMPOFF CONTROL features will prolong the life of the pump by monitoring and
maintaining an approximate FLUID LEVEL.
SERIAL port available for COMMUNICATION. Optional interface available for
MODBUS protocols.

Option - A LOW COST SATELLITE COMMUNICATION link, which allows Internet


viewing of 10 points of information as well as voice call out ability on alarm situations for $6
per day.
WELLMAX PUMPOFF
CONTROLLER CONTROLLER
Constant Torque Curve




Constant Torque

Torque remains constant up to


the motor base speed.

HP is proportional to the speed.


Constant Torque Applications

Conveyors
Compressors
Positive Displacement Pumps
Crushers
Mixers
Etc.
Positive Displacement Pumps
Constant Torque Load
Region of intermittent
intermitten Region
egion of continuous
operation operation
eration

200% Region of intermittent


operation
(Typical)
Torque
Peak torque
capability
Continuous torque
capability
100%

Load torque
requirement
63%

60 100

Speed in Hertz
Constant Power Load
Region of intermittent Region of continuous
operation operation
Field weakening region
200%
Peak torque capability
(Typical)
Torque

provided that the AC


drive has adequate
overload capability

100%
Continuous torque
capability limited
by motor cooling
63%
Load torque
requirement
60 Speed in Hertz 100
Torque Derating Due to
Motor Cooling

F ie ld w e a k e n in g re g io n
200%
(T y p ic a l)

P e a k to rq u e c a p a b ility
T o rq u e

p ro v id e d th a t th e A C
d riv e h a s a d e q u a te
o v e rlo a d c a p a b ility

100%
C o n tin u o u s to rq u e
c a p a b ility lim ite d
b y m o to r c o o lin g
63%

60 S p e e d in H e rtz 100
Torque Curve Below & Above 60 Hz,
Constant Torque V/F Ratio









Application Considerations
Motor voltage, HP & FLA specifications
Load type, constant or variable torque
Control system requirements
Serial communication protocol
Analog and digital input and
outputs
Harmonic considerations
Nuisance tripping concerns
Motor insulation protection
Line & load filter options

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