HVAC System Design for Oncologic Hospital

Dr. Isaac Martnez

Phase A: Concept and Technology Development

Mechanical Engineering Capstone 1

Dr. Carlos Alvarado, PE

Roberto Palmer
Juan Di Donna
Carlos Vazquez
Ricardo Quilichini
 A. Technology Assessment

Literature Review
ASHRAE 170-2008 Ventilation of Health Care Facilities
ASHRAE 90.1 Energy Standard for Buildings 2013 Edition by ASHRAE
Standing Standard Project Committee
ASHRAE 62.1 Ventilation for Acceptable Indoor Air Quality 2013 Edition by
ASHRAE Standing Standard Project Committee
ASHRAE HVAC Design Manual for Hospitals and Clinics 2013 Edition by
ASHRAE Technical Committee 9.6, Healthcare Facilities
AIA Guidelines for Design and Construction of Health Care Facilities by
ASHE 2010 Edition
Puerto Rico Building Code by Puerto Rico Department of State; 2012
Revision
 B. Trade Studies
Concept A
Air Cooled Unit

Air Cooled Chiller

Require less maintenance ($8,000/Annual)
Lower initial cost ($522,000)
Do not require a cooling tower or
condenser pump
Operating Cost ($94,489/Monthly)
Consumes approximately10% more
power than water cooled (10.1 EER)
1.19KW/Ton
Measure of Performance (MOPs)
Shall Have a Machine Room Design (30ft x55ft)
Should include Chiller, CT, Reheat Coil, Pump System Design (Fluid Flow)

Shall reduce building total mechanical energy bill of $166,000/month

by 20%
Budget Shall not pass $4,000,000
 B. Trade Studies
Concept B
Water Cooled Chiller

Water Cooled Chiller

Higher Initial Cost ($765,200)
Higher Maintenance Cost ($42,800/Annual)
Operating Cost ($57,168/Month)
Reduced noise level
Consumes Less Power Than Air Cooled (EER 11.3)
0.64KW/Ton

Measure of Performance (MOPs)

Shall Have a Machine Room Design (30ft x55ft)
Should include Chiller, CT, Reheat Coil, Pump System Design (Fluid Flow)

Shall reduce building total mechanical energy bill of $166,000/month

by 20%
Budget Shall not pass $4,000,000
 B. Trade Studies
Concept C
Variable Refrigerant Flow

Variable Refrigerant Flow

Good Efficiency (Inverter Driven) (EER 11)
High Maintenance Cost ($180,000)
High Initial Cost ($1,000,000)
High Operational Cost ($297,792)
Zone Comfort (Individual Zone
Personalization)
Ultra Quiet Operation (20db)
Ductless (No Duct Loss)

Measure of Performance (MOPs)

Shall Have a Machine Room Design (30ft x55ft)
Should include Chiller, CT, Reheat Coil, Pump System Design (Fluid Flow)

Shall reduce building total mechanical energy bill of $166,000/month

by 20%
Budget Shall not pass $4,000,000
 Pugh Matrix

Variant Refrigerant Flow

Baseline Air Cooled Chiller

Water Cooled Chiller

Problem Statement

Weighting
Best HVAC System Selection

Machine Room Design 30ft x 55ft 10 OK OK 0 OK 0

At least 2 AHU per floor 5 OK OK 0 OK 0
63F in MRI & Data Center rooms 5 OK OK 0 OK 0
73F in rest of hospital 5 OK OK 0 OK 0
55% relative humidity 5 OK OK 0 OK 0
Negative Pressure 0.2in ICU & Morgue 5 OK OK 0 OK 0
Criteria

Datum
Positive Pressure 0.2in rest of hospital 5 OK OK 0 OK 0
Budget $4,000,000 10 OK OK -1 OK -1
Comply with ASHRAE codes for hospitals 5 OK OK 0 OK 0
Initial Cost 10 $522,000 $765,200 -1 $1,000,000 -1
Maintenance Cost (Anually) 10 $8,000 $42,800 -1 $180,000 -1
Operational Cost (Monthly) 15 $94,489 $71,337 1 $297,192 -1
Efficiency (EER) 5 10.1 11.3 1 11 1
100 -10 -40

Best Concept Is the Air Cooled Chiller

Hierarchy Diagram
System Interface
N Diagram
Project Plan - Gantt Chart
Pre-Phase A & Phase A
 Project Plan - Gantt Chart
Phase B: Juan Di Donna

Note: Phase B Review will be on January 29, 2015.

Project Plan - Gantt Chart
Phase B: Ricardo Quilichini

Note: Phase B Review will be on January 29, 2015.

 Project Plan - Gantt Chart
Phase B: Roberto Palmer

Note: Phase B Review will be on January 29, 2015.

Project Plan - Gantt Chart
Phase B: Carlos Vazquez

Note: Phase B Review will be on January 29, 2015.

 Project Plan - Gantt Chart
Phase C-1: Juan Di Donna

Note: Phase C-1 Review will be on February 19, 2015.

 Project Plan - Gantt Chart
Phase C-1: Ricardo Quilichini

Note: Phase C-1 Review will be on February 19, 2015.

 Project Plan - Gantt Chart
Phase C-1: Roberto Palmer

Note: Phase C-1 Review will be on February 19, 2015.

 Project Plan - Gantt Chart
Phase C-1: Carlos Vazquez

Note: Phase C-1 Review will be on February 19, 2015.

 Budget with Cost Estimate

COSTS:
Chilled Water System =$ 690,000

AHU, Vents & Ducts = $ 770,000

CO2, Temperature = $ 48,000

& Pressure Controls

Reheat Water System = $ 184,900

Installation & Demolition = $ 2,193,000

Estimate Cost:
$ 3,885,900
Estimate from TRANE Quick Reference for Efficient Chiller System Design
 Chilled Water System: List of
MOPs
Measures of Performance (MOPs)
Shall comply with ASHRAE 90.1 Energy conservation standards
Reduce cost Energy approximately from 20% from actual mechanical system
consumption
Shall comply with required entering water temperature of 44F necessary for all Air
Handling Units cooling coils
Comply with noise criteria decibel (70 db)
Electrical Equipment: 460/3/60
Structural design: Chiller (6K lbs), and Pumps (1,500 lbs)
Coordinate Location Area: Chiller (160X190), Pumps (54x30)
Shall comply with all regulation and safety codes. Clearances and Maintenances
 Chilled Water System: List of Risk,
Mitigation & Risks Assessment Matrix
List of Risks How to Mitigate
5
1. Chiller Failure Will have (1) Spare Chiller

Probability of Ocurrence
2. Pumps Failures Will Have (2) Two Pumps running & (1) One Spare 4

3. Refrigerant Failure System Will Have Refrigerant Monitor 3 2,5 6,7

4. Electrical Failure
5. Water Flow Failure
6. Water Pressure Failure
7. Fire Hazard
Building Will Have a Full a Electrical Generator
System Will Have a Flow Sensor, Switches and
2 3
Reservoir
System Will Have Pressure Sensors & Switches 1 4 1
1 2 3 4 5
Smoke detector and Shutdown Equipment Impact of Ocurrence

High risks mission success jeopardized - immediate action required

Medium risk review regularly contingent action if does not improve

Low risk watch and review periodically

 Air Conditioning: List of MOPs
Measures of Performance (MOPs)
Shall have no less than two Air Handling Units per floor
Shall include A/C and Ventilation Ductwork Design
Shall Comply with ASHRAE 170-2008 Ventilation of Health Care Facilities
Shall Comply with ASHRAE Codes 62.1-2013 Ventilation for Acceptable Indoor
Quality Air Changes Required by AIA Regulations With a minimum of 25 Air
Changes/Hour for Operating/Surgical/Delivery Room, 12 Air Changes/Hour in
Nursing/Trauma/Radiology and 6 Air Changes in Recovery/Treatment/Patient
and other areas.
Shall not exceed noise level of 35dB
Shall not exceed height clearance of 6ft
Shall be accessible for maintenance
Shall not exceed footprint length of 12ft
 Air Conditioning: List of Risk, Mitigation &
Risks Assessment Matrix
List Of Risks How to Mitigate 5
1. Air Handling Unit Failure Control Sensors indicating part failure

Probability of Ocurrence
Technician Available 4

Spare Replacement Parts

2. Electrical Failure
3. Exhaust Fan Failure
4. Water Flow Failure
5. Filter Clogged
3 2 5 1,4
Will Have Spare generator
Replacement Parts Available 2 3
Technician Available
1
Flow Sensor, Switches and Reservoir
1 2 3 4 5
Schedule Maintenance
Impact of Ocurrence

High risks mission success jeopardized - immediate action required

Medium risk review regularly contingent action if does not improve

Low risk watch and review periodically

Humidity Control System: List of MOPs

Measures of Performance (MOPs)

Relative Humidity Shall remain 55% in all areas
Comply with ASHRAE Codes 62.1-2013 Ventilation for acceptable
indoor quality requires 65% or less of relative humidity (35%)
 Humidity Control System: List of Risk,
Mitigation & Risks Assessment Matrix
List of Risk How to mitigate 5
Humidity Failure System Alert for Maintenance

Fire Hazard
Main Control System Failure
Electrical Failure
Sensor & Switch Failure
Probability of Ocurrence
4
Fire Alarm
Automatic shut down equipment 3 4 2
Computer Backup
Manual Bypass
2 3
Backup Power Generator 1 1,5
Spare Replacement Parts 1 2 3 4 5
Impact of Ocurrence

High risks mission success jeopardized - immediate action required

Medium risk review regularly contingent action if does not improve

Low risk watch and review periodically

Pressure Control System: List of MOPs

Measures of Performance (MOPs)

Negative Pressure Shall be 0.02in WC in Isolation and ICU
Positive Pressure Shall 0.02in WC in the rest of the hospital areas
Comply with ASHRAE Code 170-2008-6.7.1 Maintain pressure
relationships required in specific areas. Table 7.1
 Pressure Control System: List of Risk,
Mitigation & Risks Assessment Matrix
List of Risk How to mitigate 5
Pressure Failure System Alert for Maintenance

Fire Hazard
Main Control System Failure
Electrical Failure
Sensor & Switch Failure
Probability of Ocurrence
4
Fire Alarm
Automatic shut down equipment 3 4 2
Computer Backup
Manual Bypass
2 3
Backup Power Generator 1 1,5
Spare Replacement Parts 1 2 3 4 5
Impact of Ocurrence

High risks mission success jeopardized - immediate action required

Medium risk review regularly contingent action if does not improve

Low risk watch and review periodically

Temperature Control System: List of
MOPs

Measures of Performance (MOPs)

Temperature Shall remain 63F in MRI room and Data Center room
Temperature Shall remain 73F in rest of the hospital areas
 Temperature Control System: List of Risk,
Mitigation & Risks Assessment Matrix
List of Risk How to mitigate 5
Temperature Failure System Alert for Maintenance

Fire Hazard
Main Control System Failure
Electrical Failure
Sensor & Switch Failure
Probability of Ocurrence
4
Fire Alarm
Automatic shut down equipment 3 4 2
Computer Backup
Manual Bypass
2 3
Backup Power Generator 1 1,5
Spare Replacement Parts 1 2 3 4 5
Impact of Ocurrence

High risks mission success jeopardized - immediate action required

Medium risk review regularly contingent action if does not improve

Low risk watch and review periodically

 Hot Water System: List of MOPs

Measure of Performances (MOPs)

Shall be energy efficient
Shall include Reheat systems, Pump System Design
Shall maintain the room conditions
Shall maintain the Set Up point Temperature
Should not interfere with patients treatment and public performance
Design Shall comply with ASHARE codes
Should be designed in low to medium pressure system
Durability systems and easy maintained
 Hot Water System: List of Risk,
Mitigation & Risks Assessment
1. Heat Machine Failure
Matrix
List of Risks How to Mitigate

Will have (1) Spare Heat Machine

5

Probability of Ocurrence
2. Pumps Failures Will Have (2) Two Pumps running & (1) One Spare 4

3. Refrigerant Failure System Will Have Refrigerant Monitor 3 2,5 6,7

4. Electrical Failure
5. Water Flow Failure
6. Water Pressure Failure
7. Fire Hazard
Building Will Have a Full a Electrical Generator
System Will Have a Flow Sensor, Switches and
2 3
Reservoir
System Will Have Pressure Sensors & Switches 1 4 1
1 2 3 4 5
Smoke detector and Shutdown Equipment Impact of Ocurrence

High risks mission success jeopardized - immediate action required

Medium risk review regularly contingent action if does not improve

Low risk watch and review periodically

Questions ???