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PERSONALITY
AND SOCIAL
DEVELOPMENT
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WHAT IS PERSONALITY?
That which characterizes a person and
distinguishes that person from other
people.
The sum total of ways in which an
individual reacts and interacts with
others
General rule: 1 personality per person
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THEORY OF PERSONALITIES
z GALEN
Galen contributed his Theory of the
Dependence of Human
Temperament on physiologic
factors.
Differences in behavior is
contributed by the humors or vital
juices of the body: BLOOD,
PHLEGM, BLACK BILE, and
YELLOW BILE.
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SANGUINE CHOLERIC
(optimistic and (short-tempered or
social) irritable)

4
Temperaments

MELANCHOLIC PHLEGMATIC
(analytical and (relaxed and
quiet) peaceful)
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CARL JUNG

Jung was one of the first people to

define introversion and extraversion in
a psychological context.

In Jungs Psychological Types, he

theorizes that each person falls into
one of two categories, the introvert and
the extravert.
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CARL JUNG
Three types of personalities:
EXTROVERT friendly, flexible and
adaptable, happy working with others,
free from worries, outgoing
INTROVERT inclined to worry,
reserved, lacking in flexibility, self-
centered or self-interested person
AMBIVERT in between extrovert and
introvert
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CARL JUNG

Four functions of personality

SENSATION here and now

INTUITION things have been

(PAST) or will be (FUTURE)
FEELING sense of values

THINKING things in the abstract

z
ERNST KRETSCHMER

a German psychiatrist who

researched the human constitution
and established a typology.
 ERNST KRETSCHMER
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PYKNIC
Fat types; fat is more than muscle
Broad head, long trunk, short legs,
narrow shoulders, broad hips, and much
flesh
Social and helping to others;
interpersonally dependent
Have violent emotions; when carried to
the extreme, they can manifest
depressive psychosis or manic-
depressive illness
May commit non-violent property crimes
 ERNST KRETSCHMER
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ATHLETIC
Healthy balance between muscle and
bone development
Energetic; optimist; can adjust to
situations
May be aggressive, loud, and may
commit violent offenses
 ERNST KRETSCHMER
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ASTHENIC / LEPTOSOME
Thin, lean, tall, with almost no muscles,
and prominent bones; looks very weak;
Long head, short trunk, long legs,
narrow hips and shoulders, very little fat
Unsociable, shy, pessimist, usually
alone
Have the tendency to develop dementia
praecox or schizophrenia
May commit crimes of passion
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ERNST KRETSCHMER

DYSPLASTIC
Malproportioned body with a
combination of any of the other
body types
Abnormal bodies/builds
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WILLIAM SHELDON

In psychology, he developed a new

version of somatotypology by
classifying people into
endomorphic, mesomorphic, and
ectomorphic.
Romotonic