NATIONAL RESILIENCE AND

DEFENDING THE COUNTRY

KULIAH 10-11
NATIONAL DEFENCE INTRODUCED
BY THE INSTITUTE OF NATIONAL
DEFENSE OF THE REPUBLIC OF
INDONESIA (INDONESIAN
NATIONAL RESILIENCE INSTITUTE)
AT ABOUT 1960
 ETYMOLOGICALLY,
RESILIENCE COMES FROM "HOLD"
WHICH MEANS STEADFAST, STRONG,
SELF-CONTROLLED, PERSISTENT, AND
NO SURRENDER.
RESILIENCE HAS MEANING CAPABLE,
RESISTANT, AND STRONG IN
CONFRONTING ALL FORMS OF
CHALLENGES AND THREATS TO
ENSURE THE SUSTAINABILITY OF LIFE.
THE WORD "NATIONAL" IS DERIVED
FROM THE WORD NATION MEANS
A NATION AS A POLITICAL SENSE.
NATIONS IN THE POLITICAL SENSE
IS COMMUNION OF LIFE OF PEOPLE
IN A COUNTRY
INDONESIAN NATIONAL RESILIENCE

GBPH S. Suryomataraman;

National defense has more than

one face; national security as a
concept, as a condition of national
security and national security as a
strategy (Association of Defense, 1980).
 AS CONCEPTION;
NATIONAL SECURITY IS A
CONCEPTION OF INDONESIAN PEOPLE
WHO USED TO BE ABLE TO OVERCOME
ALL FORMS OF THREATS.
USING THE TEACHINGS "ASTA
GATRA".
NATIONAL DEFENSE INDONESIA IS
BASED ON THE TEACHINGS OF ASTA
GATRA
 ASTA GATRA;
NATIONAL LIFE INFLUENCED BY
TWO ASPECTS; THE NATURAL
ASPECTS OF THREE ELEMENTS (TRI
GATRA) AND SOCIAL ASPECTS OF
FIVE ELEMENTS (PANCA GATRA).
TRI GATRA AND PANCA MERGED
INTO ASTA GATRA, WHICH MEANS
EIGHT ASPECTS OR ELEMENTS
 AS A CONDITION;
NATIONAL RESILIENCE IS DEFINED
AS A DYNAMIC CONDITION,
BECAUSE THE CONSTANTLY
CHANGING CONDITIONS; MAY
INCREASE OR DECREASE
 AS A STRATEGY;
NATIONAL SECURITY IS SEEN AS A
WAY OR APPROACH WHICH MEANS
TO INCLUDE ALL ASPECTS OF
NATURAL AND SOCIAL ORDER TO
BE TAKEN INTO ACCOUNT IN
DEALING WITH EXISTING THREATS
 NATIONAL DEFENSE
INCLUDES;
A. IDEOLOGICAL RESISTANCE
B. POLITICAL RESISTANCE
C. ECONOMIC RESILIENCE
D. CULTURAL AND SOCIAL
RESILIENCE
E. DEFENSE AND SECURITY
RESILIENCES.
A. IDEOLOGICAL RESILIENCE IS THE MENTAL
CONDITION OF THE INDONESIAN NATION
BASED UPON BELIEF IN THE TRUTH OF THE
PANCASILA IDEOLOGY CONTAIN THE
ABILITY TO RAISE AND MAINTAIN THE
UNITY AND NATIONAL UNITY AND ABILITY
TO COUNTERACT THE PENETRATION OF
ALIEN IDEOLOGIES AND VALUES THAT DO
NOT CORRESPOND TO NATIONAL IDENTITY
B. POLITICAL RESILIENCE IS THE CONDITION
OF INDONESIA'S POLITICAL LIFE BASED ON
POLITICAL DEMOCRACY BASED ON
PANCASILA AND THE CONSTITUTION 1945
WHICH CONTAINS THE CAPABILITY TO
MAINTAIN THE POLITICAL SYSTEM THAT IS
HEALTHY AND DYNAMIC AS WELL AS THE
ABILITY TO APPLY THE FREE AND ACTIVE
FOREIGN POLICY
 C. ECONOMIC RESILIENCE IS THE
CONDITION OF THE NATION'S ECONOMIC
LIFE BASED ON ECONOMIC DEMOCRACY
BASED ON PANCASILA WHICH IS HAVING
THE CAPABILITY TO MAINTAIN STABILITY
AND HEALTHY ECONOMIC AND THE
ABILITY TO DYNAMICALLY CREATE
ECONOMIC INDEPENDENCE OF THE NATION
WITH HIGH COMPETITIVENESS AND
PROSPERITY OF THE PEOPLE
 D. SOCIAL AND CULTURAL RESILIENCE IS THE
CONDITION OF SOCIAL AND CULTURAL LIFE OF THE
NATION IMBUED WITH NATIONAL IDENTITY BASED
ON PANCASILA CONTAINING ABILITY TO
ESTABLISH AND DEVELOP THE SOCIAL AND
CULTURAL LIFE INDONESIA'S PEOPLE AND
COMMUNITIES OF FAITH AND PIETY TOWARDS GOD
ALMIGHTY, HARMONIOUS, UNITED, PATRIOTISM,
QUALITY, ADVANCED AND PROSPEROUS IN A LIFE
OF HARMONIOUS, BALANCED AND ABILITY TO
COUNTERACT THE PENETRATION OF FOREIGN
CULTURE THAT IS NOT IN ACCORDANCE WITH
NATIONAL CULTURE
 E. DEFENSE AND SECURITY RESILIENCE IS
THE CONDITION OF THE NATION'S
DETERRENT POWER BASED ON AN
AWARENESS OF ALL THE PEOPLE TO DEFEND
THE COUNTRY CONTAINING ABILITY TO
MAINTAIN THE STABILITY OF THE DEFENSE
AND SECURITY OF DYNAMIC STATE,
SECURING DEVELOPMENT AND ITS RESULTS
AS WELL AS THE ABILITY IN DEFENDING THE
NATIONAL SOVEREIGNTY AND DETER ALL
FORMS OF THREATS
 BASED ON THE DIMENSIONS OR ASPECTS, THERE
ARE NATIONAL SECURITY IN THE FIELD OF POLITIC,
SOCIAL, ECONOMIC, CULTURE, DEFENSE AND
SECURITY.
ALSO WE KNOW THE TERM OF ENERGY SECURITY,
FOOD SECURITY, INDUSTRY RESILIENCE , AND SO
ON.
 THE CONCEPT OF NATIONAL DEFENSE;
THE SOLID AND TOUGH CONDITIONS OF
NATIONAL RESILIENCE BEGINS TO MATERIALIZE
FROM THE UNDERNEATH LAYERS.
REALIZATION OF RESISTANCE IN NATIONAL LEVEL
(NATIONAL SECURITY) STEMS FROM THE
RESILIENCE OF SELF / INDIVIDUAL, CONTINUES TO
THE FAMILY, REGION, AND CULMINATES IN THE
NATIONAL DEFENSE (BASRIE, 2002).
 DEFENDING THE COUNTRY

The terms of the state defend can be found in the

formulation of Article 27 Paragraph 3 of the
Constitution 1945.
Article 27 Paragraph 3 states "Every citizen has the
right and duty to participate in the defense efforts
of the country"
 CONSEQUENCES;
1) EVERY CITIZEN IS ENTITLED AND OBLIGED
TO PARTICIPATE IN DETERMINING POLICY
REGARDING THE DEFENSE OF THE COUNTRY
THROUGH REPRESENTATIVE INSTITUTIONS
IN ACCORDANCE WITH THE 1945
CONSTITUTION AND THE LEGISLATION
INCLUDING THE ACTIVITIES OF DEFENDING
THE COUNTRY.
2) EVERY CITIZEN CAN PARTICIPATE IN
EVERY EFFORT OF STATE DEFENSE IN
ACCORDANCE WITH THE PROFESSIONAL
ABILITY OF EACH PEOPLE
IN THE PART OF EXPLANATION OF
CONSTITUTION NO. 3 OF
2002; DEFENDING THE COUNTRY IS
THE ATTITUDE AND BEHAVIOR OF
CITIZENS WHO INSPIRED BY HIS
LOVE FOR THE REPUBLIC OF
INDONESIA BASED ON PANCASILA
AND THE CONSTITUTION OF 1945
IN ENSURING SURVIVAL OF THE
NATION AND THE STATE
DEFENDING THE COUNTRIES CAN
BE DISTINGUISHED PHYSICAL AND
NON-PHYSICAL
 PHYSICALLY THAT IS BY 'BEAR
ARMS IN FACING THE ATTACK OR
AGGRESSION OF ENEMY.
DEFENDING THE COUNTRY
PHYSICALLY IS DONE BY FACING
THE EXTERNAL THREAT. THIS
UNDERSTANDING CAN BE
LIKENED TO DEFEND THE
COUNTRY IN THE SENSE OF THE
MILITARY
DEFENDING THE COUNTRY NON-PHYSICALLY CAN
BE DEFINED AS "ANY EFFORTS TO MAINTAIN THE
UNITARY STATE OF THE REPUBLIC OF INDONESIA IN
A WAY TO RAISE THE AWARENESS OF THE STATE
AND NATION, INSTILLING A LOVE OF HOMELAND
AS WELL AS PLAYING AN ACTIVE ROLE IN
ADVANCING THE NATION, INCLUDING THE
THREAT PREVENTION.
DEFENDING THE COUNTRIES CAN THUS EQUATED
WITH NONMILITARY DEFENDS
 THREAT
"EVERY EFFORT AND ACTIVITY BOTH FROM WITHIN
AND ABROAD THOSE ARE ENDANGER THE
COUNTRY'S SOVEREIGNTY, INTEGRITY OF COUNTRY,
AND THE SAFETY OF THE ENTIRE NATION
MILITARY THREAT IS A THREAT OF ARMED FORCE
ORGANIZED AS HAVING ENDANGERING THE
ABILITY OF STATE SOVEREIGNTY, TERRITORIAL
INTEGRITY, AND SAFETY OF THE ENTIRE NATION.
 ESSENTIALLY NON MILITARY
THREAT IS A THREAT WHICH USES
NON MILITARY FACTORS, ASSESSED
AS HAVING THE ABILITY THAT
ENDANGER STATE SOVEREIGNTY,
TERRITORIAL INTEGRITY, AND
SAFETY OF THE ENTIRE NATION.