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Female
Gametophyte
FEMALE
GAMETOPHYTE
Female
Gametophyte
Central cell
with 2 polar
nuclei
Female
Gametophyte
Egg apparatus
•one egg cell
•two synergids
Female
Gametophyte
Chalazal End
* 3 antipodal
cells
Development
Of
Embryo Sac
Begins with
elongation of functional
megaspore .
Elongation is largely
in micropylar
chalazal axis
• Non-Vacuolated megaspore
cytoplasm later developed
with small sized vacuoles.
• In later period they may fuse
together to form large sized
vacuoles.
Stages In
Megagametogenesis
Megaspore after
first - meiotic
mitosis
• A large central vacuole now
appears between the two
daughter nuclei.
•
• On further expansion of
vacuole the nuclei are pushed
towards opposite poles of the
cell.
Four Nucleate
Stage
le i
n u c
h e ce , t
h t w i i a
• Bo
t e t c le
i vi d n u
d g 4 ole
m in h p
fo r c
ea
Ei
gh
t
Nu
St cl
ag ea
e te
•
Features
•
It is derived from only one of the
four megaspores.
•
Al the nuclei are genetically
identical, because they are derived
Types Of Monosporic
Embryo Sac
•
Polygonum
•
It is formed by the chalazal megaspore
of the tetrad & is 8 nucleate. It Consists,
•
* 3 celled egg apparatus
•
* 3 antipodal cells
•
Types Of Monosporic
Embryo Sac
•
Oenothera type
•
It is formed by the micropylar
megaspore of the tetrad & is 4
nucleate. It Consists,
•
* 3 celled egg apparatus
Types Of Bisporic
Embryo Sac
Features
Formation of dyad cell.
Allium Type
The embryo sac is derrived from the
chalazal dyad cell.
Endymion
Types Of Tetrasporic
Embryo Sac
No wall formation takes
place . Hence at the end of
meiosis all the 4 haploid nuclei
in a common cytoplas - m forming
coenomegaspore .
All the 4 nuclei of the
coenomega - spore take part in the
formatio n of embryo sac . Due to
the meiosis all nucleus are
genetically different .
Tetrasporic – Adoxa
Type
It is also 16 nucleate . It
consists
- 3 celled egg apparatus
- 2 polar nuclei
- 11 antipodal cells
Tetrasporic –
Fritillaria
After the nuclear fusion both
nuclei of the coenomegaspore( one 1N
and one 2N) divide twice forming 4
nuclei at each pole. The mature embryo
sac comprises an
- egg apparatus of 3 1N cells .
- 3 triploid antipodal cells
- Central cell with 2 polar nuclei
one 1N and one 2N
asporic – Plumbagella