Professional Documents
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Introduction
The hydrologic cycle
Measurement of run-off
Hydrograph
Flow duration curve
Mass curve
INTRODUCTION
c) Laceys formula
R = P / (1 + 3084 F / PS)
R = monsoon run-off in mm
S = catchment area factor
F = monsoon duration factor
P = monsoon rainfall in mm
Value of S is minimum for flat places (0.25) and is maximum
for very hilly places (3.45)
F = 0.5 for very short monsoon
F = 1.0 for standard length monsoon
F = 1.5 for very long monsoon
MEASUREMENT OF RUN-OFF
A flat slope
it indicates small variability
(streams receiving both
surface-runoff and ground
Flow Duration Curve water run-off)
1. Availability of water
All other designs are based on it.
Estimate should be made about the average
quantity of water available throughout the year
and also about maximum and minimum quantity
of water available during the year.
These details are necessary to decide the capacity
of the hydropower plant, and
It also provide adequate spillways or gate relief
during flood period.
SITE SELECTION
2. Water storage
Since there a is wide variation in rainfall during
the year, therefore it is necessary to store the
water for continuous generation of power. The
storage capacity can be calculated with the help of
mass curve.
The two types of storages in use are
1. The storage is so constructed that it can make water
available for power generation for one year only.
2. Water is available in sufficient quantity even during the
worst dry periods.
SITE SELECTION
3. Water head
In order to generate a requisite quantity of power
it is necessary that a large quantity of water at
sufficient head should be available.
An increase in effective head for a given output,
reduces the quantity of water required to be
supplied to the turbines.
SITE SELECTION
4. Accessibility of site
The site where hydro-electric plant is to be
constructed should be easy accessible. This is
important if the electric power generated is to be
utilised at or near the plant site.
The site selected should have transportation
facilities of rail and road.
SITE SELECTION