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Surveys
Field Layout
Zig Zag
Full Fold 3D
Ideal survey samples 5D prestack wavefield W(t, xs, ys, xr, yr) that is dependent
upon traveltime (t) and the source and receiver locations (i.e., xs, ys, xr, yr)
(Vermeer, 1998).
Symmetric sampling :
shot interval = receiver interval
shot line interval = receiver line interval
maximum in-line offset = maximum cross-line offset
center-spread acquisition (shots, revceivers)
Swath
Source and receiver lines parallel and usually coincident (neighboring). poor
mans 3-D
Orthogonal
Active receiver lines form a rectangular patch surrounding each source point
location.
Brick
Source lines and receiver lines spacings are noninteger with respect to the
group interval.
Button Patch
Single source lines are located between adjacent pairs of receiver lines are
located between adjacent pairs of receiver lines for a single zig-zag.
Mega Bin
The redistribution of the source and receiver locations in the mega-bin design
reduces this asymmetry and samples such noise better.
Hexagonal Binning
If the midpoints fall into a hexagonal pattern, the midpoints can be binned
hexagonally. This method requires 13.4% fewer subsurface samples in one
direction compared to a square grid of midpoints, thereby reducing the
acquisition and processing effort of the 3-D survey (Bardan, 1997).
Star
Star shooting involves laying out receiver lines in an arrangement resembling the
spokes of a wheel.
Radial
This concept involves laying out receiver lines in an arrangement resembling the
spokes of a heel
similar to the star design. However, source points are placed along concentric
circles around the center of the survey
Random
The random technique has been applied successfully where source and receiver
positions are moved based upon the relative ease and safety of crew during
layout.
Circular Patch
The main feature of a circular patch is that all live receiver groups are limited to
lie within a maximum offset (or radius) from the source point
Nominal Fold Comparizon
Question?
magnetotelluric