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Conditional Sentences

(Kalimat Pengandaian)
“IF” and “Wish”
Unindra PGRI
Rahmatiah
CONDITIONAL SENTENCES “IF”
HAVE TWO CLAUSES

a. A dependent clause beginning with IF (anak


kalimat dimulai dari “if”
b. Main clause (induk kalimat)

Ex: If you study diligently, you will pass your


examination.
There are three types of Conditional
Sentences:
(ada tiga tipe dari conditional sentence)
1. Conditional Sentence (Future – Possible)
2. Conditional Sentence (Present– Unreal)
3. Conditional Sentence (Past – Unreal)
Type I
Future – Possible
a. Dependent clause : start with “IF” in
PRESENT TENSE
b. Main Clause : Future tense (will)

Ex: If he studies well and does not get


nervous, he will make good grades.
Type II
Present – Unreal

a. Dependent clause: “IF” in SIMPLE PAST TENSE


b. Main clause : would, should, could, might

Ex: If you studied diligently, you would pass your examination.


If I had enough money, I would fly to Europe.

NOTE: semua verb dalam dependent clause, menggunakan V2,


kecuali to be. Semua to be menggunakan “were”.

Example: I were, We were, He/she were, It were, they were.


If I were a King, I would make you a queen.
Type III
Past – Unreal
a. Dependent clause : “IF” in PAST PERFECT
TENSE
b. Main clause : would have+V3, could
have+V3, should have+V3, might have+V3
Ex: If you had studied diligently, you would
have passed your examination.
If I had had enough money, I would have flown
to Europe.
WISH
Using “wish” shows the UNREAL SITUATION
as an UNREAL CONDITIONAL STATEMENT.

OPPOSITE FROM THE REAL SITUATION.


1. WISH + PAST TENSE (menunjukkan tindakan
sekarang/present)
2. WISH + PAST PERFECT TENSE (menunjukkan
tindakan masa lalu/past)

Look these examples!!!


I wish I had money. I don’t have money
I wish I had had money. I didn’t have money
Pernyataan “I wish, you would” dan I wish,
you wouldn’t” digunakan untuk
menunjukkan PERINTAH YANG SOPAN ATAU
PERMINTAAN YANG SOPAN (polite
commands or request).

I wish you would stay here.


I wish you wouldn’t go anywhere.
Exercises
1. If Maya studies hard, she ……..(pass) her
exam.
2. If he doesn’t hurry, he ……(be) late.
3. If the weather ……..(be) warm next
Sunday, we will go to Bandung.
4. If we attended class regularly, we …..
(make) good progress.
5. If I knew English better, I ………(continue)
my study abroad.
6. If he had learned the truth, he …….. (be)
very angry.
7. I wouldn’t have got wet if I ………(wear) a
raincoat.
8. If I …………... (have) the time last holiday, I
would have joined the tour to Disneyland.
9. I wish I …….(own) a car.
10. She wishes she ……..(go) to the movie
with you last night.

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