SOLID WASTE

MANAGEMENT
IN MALAYSIA
INTRODUCTION
What is solid waste management?
• System for handling of waste material from generation at the source
through the recovery processes to disposal.
• Refers to garbage or trash management.
What is composting?
• Biological process, in which the organic matter is biodegraded by
microorganisms under controlled condition of temperature, moisture
content, oxygen and pH.
 AEROBIC COMPOSTING
 Composting with decomposers that need air (oxygen)
 The fastest way to make high quality compost
 Produces no foul odours
 Aerobic decomposers produces heat
AEROBIC COMPOSTING

RAW MATERIALS FINISHED COMPOSTED

Uniform Mixture of
Organic Matter
Humified Organic
Inorganic Nutrients
Composting Matter Minerals,
Water
Vessel Water and
Microorganisms
Microorganisms.
ANEROBIC COMPOSTING
 Does not requires aeration or turning
 Retain more nitrogen and initial organic matter
 Greenhouse gases can be trapped and harvested for energy
 Anaerobic decomposers produces heat
ANEROBIC COMPOSTING
Intermediates compounds
(eg. VOAs, H2S)

Methane, CH4

RAW MATERIALS FINISHED COMPOSTED

Uniform Mixture of
Organic Matter
Humified Organic
Inorganic Nutrients
Composting Matter Minerals,
Water
Vessel Water and
Microorganisms
Microorganisms.
AEROBIC COMPOSTING ANAEROBIC COMPOSTING
ADVANTAGES
Lower investment needed Net energy producing process
Slightly lower level of training is needed Produces a liquid and a fibrous fertilizer

Produces a solid output/ fertilizer only Sanitizes the feedstock/waste

Reduces odour below unprocessed waste
odour levels
DISADVANTAGES
Requires the input of quite large energy Requires a high level of investment
inputs
Necessary to pasteurize the composted May causes odour nuisance
material