Chapter 1: Plumbing

Chapter 2: Plumbing Materials

Presented by:
BOTE, Edison D.
CASIA, Ma. Cristina B.
DEL PILAR, Darlene Kate H.
GABUTIN, Elvira Clarisse S.
MARANAN, Maria Pilar L.
SALAPARE, Rame Laurenz S.
1-1 Introduction
• Plumbing
the art and science of installing pipes, fixtures
and other apparatus to convey and supply water in
buildings and to dispose waste water and other
liquids out of buildings in a safe, orderly, and
sanitary way.
 became more defined and appreciated during
Greco-Roman Civilization
Roman Aqueduct: water system
Plumber: “Plumbarius”, “Plumbum”
1-2 Plumbing in the Philippines
decades of the 40’s: household plumbing is for rich people only

Water Supply: water came from abundant rainfall, springs, wells, river, or
creeks

Water Disposal: some excreted in the rivers, seashores, creeks, or any

waterways

Due to the outbreak of diseases, the government introduced proper

sanitation and low-cost water closet were used. Septic tank was also
used for proper sewage disposal system.
1-3 Objectives of Plumbing
1. To supply water to different
parts of the building.

2. To remove and discharge human • Conditions for an Effective Water

wastes and other substances out Supply in building:
of building into the public sewer
or septic tank.
1. Provide sufficient amount of
water to supply each fixture.

2. Prevent back flow of used

water in the water supply
system.
1-3 Objectives of Plumbing
• The Drainage System should
accomplish the following:

1. Fast removal of the waste with a

minimum probability of leakage and
stoppage of drains.

2. Prevent the entry of house vermin

and obnoxious gases into the house
from the piping system.
1-3 Objectives of Plumbing
• Mandatory Requirements for a Drainage System as prescribed by the National
Plumbing Code:

1. All pipe joints must be well fitted and tightly connected with each other to
prevent leakage of gas and liquid.
2. Drainage pipe should be graded or inclined properly for a downward flow of
water towards the main sewer line or to the septic tank.
3. Drainage pipe should be provided with adequate cleanout, accessible for
repair in case of stoppage.
4. Drainage system must be provided with ventilation pipe that will
convey gases to the atmosphere where it cannot harm human
health.
 5. Each fixture, except for water closet,
shall be provided with suitable trap that
will prevent flow of gases.
6. Drainage system must be vented, to
avoid siphonage or back flow of the
water seal.

1-4 Plumbing Design Unlimited

• The National Plumbing Code let the designers or

owners to fix standard design, place plumbing
fixtures according to their taste.
1-5 The Drainage System
• Waste is classified into two types:

1. Solid Waste which is being discharged by water closet;

2. Liquid Waste which comes from various fixtures.

Two types of drainage piping:

1. Solid pipe- conveys waste coming from water closet

2. Waste pipe- conveys waste coming from various fixtures
 1-6 Definition of Terms
AIR GAP BLIND FLANGE
 BRANCH VENT

COMMON
VENT
CIRCUIT
VENT
VENT STACK
DEAD END

DRY VENT

WET VENT
FIXTURE DRAIN

FLUSH VALVE
LATTER

MAIN SEWER
RISER SIAMESE CONNECTION
STAND PIPE TRAP
SUMP
PLUMBING MATERIALS
HUBLESS PIPE STANDARD SINGLE HUB DOUBLE HUB
PIPE
P-TRAP CLEAN CROSS TEE
OUT PLUG
COUPLING BUSHING

UNION CAP
MADE OF
ALLOY OR
ZINC AND
COPPER
 TYPES OF
COPPER PIPE

*K-TYPE
*L-TYPE
*M-TYPE
SPIGOT JOINT FLARED

COMPRESSION
TEE SLIP NUT