INTRODUCTION TO INFORMATION AND

COMMUNICATION TECHNOLOGY

Samitha Sulakshana
MSc,PGDIT,BSc(Ruh), MBCS

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 About the Course
Information and Communication Technology - I
is an introductory level course consisting of both theory
and practice relating to Information and
Communication Technology.

Course Objectives
The objective of this course is to develop knowledge
and skills in information and communication technology
to fulfill learning and professional requirements
through improving familiarity with the computer
hardware and software.
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 Learning Outcomes

• At the end of this course, students will be able to:

– Be familiar with main components of computer
systems and file organization.
– Be familiar with main components of computer
systems and file organization.
– Demonstrate the ability to use word processing,
spreadsheet management and presentation
applications.
– Work with computer networks and Internet
– Be familiar with computer hardware and trouble
shooting

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 Method of Assessment

• In course assessments 30%

• Classroom Test I 20% (Word Processing)
• Classroom Test II 10% (online MCQ Test)

• End semester examination 70%

• End Exam (Theory) 50%
• End Exam (Practical) 20% (Spread Sheet Management)

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 Course Outline: BBA 1205
Theory
1. Introduction to information and Communication
Technology (ICT)
2. Computer Fundamentals and Components of the
Computer System (CF)
3. Mathematics for Computing (MC)
4. Introduction to Computer Operating Systems (OS)
5. Internet Services (IS)
6. Introduction to Data Communication and Networks (DCN)
7. Introduction to Computer Hardware (HW)

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 Course Outline: BBA 1205
Practical

1. Word Processing (WP)

2. Spreadsheet Management (PA)
3. Presentation Applications (SM)
4. Internet Services (IS)

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 What are ICT?
 Information
 Communication
 Technologies

ICT are the hardware and software that enable

society to create, collect, consolidate and
communicate information in multimedia formats
and for various purposes.

The technology used to handle information and aid

communication
 Importance of IT
• What is Information?
o This is processed data with a meaning or an
organized, meaningful and useful interpretation
of data.

• What is Technology?
o Technology is humans using objects (tools,
machines, systems, and materials) to change
the natural and human-made environment.
 Importance of information
technology
– IT helps in re-engineering of work practices
– Speed
– Consistency and accuracy
– Reliability
– Team productivity

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 Functions of information
technology
– Data capture
– Data Processing
– Generation of Information
– Storage of information
– Protection of Information
– Retrieval of Information

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 Advantages information
technology in Business
– Increases production and saves time
– Improves communication through communication
technology
– Improves data storage and file management
– Improves financial management
– Improves business to consumer relationship
– Improves on business competitive advantage
– Automated Processes
– Work Remotely
– Communication

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 Why IT ?

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 Where You can find ICT application

• e-Marketing
• e-Learning
• e-Office (Specially BYOD)
• e-Medicine
• e-Government
• e-Banking…

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 E-business
Administration of conducting business via the Internet.

Include the buying and selling of goods and services,

along with providing technical or customer
support through the Internet.

e-Business is a term often used in conjunction with e-

commerce, but includes services in addition to the sale
of goods.

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 Data analysis

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 E-Learning

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 Bring Your Own Device

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 E-Banking

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 E-Medicine

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 Where we use ICT

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 How ICT uses in following fields?

• Education
• Accounting and Banking
• Transportation
• Medicine/Health
• Engineering
• Defense and Security

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 Transportation Management Center

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 Medicine

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 Engineering

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 Design parts of a car

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 Defense & Security

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 Today’s World
• The Internet-of-Things (IoT).
• Big data and visualization.
• Automation, machine learning, and AI.
• Concept of SMART
• Virtual and augmented reality

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 Smart devices

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 Smart houses

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 Smart vehicles

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 Virtual reality

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 ‘Twas, just an idea about
ICT World

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 Information and Communications
Technology

• Diverse set of technological tools and

resources used to communicate, and to create,
disseminate, store, and manage information.
• These technologies include computers, the
Internet, broadcasting technologies (radio and
television), and telephony.

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 Information and Communications
Technology
• ICT covers all forms of Computer and
Communications equipment as well as the
software used to create, store, transmit,
receive, interpret, and manipulate information
in its various formats.

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 Data and Information

Data:
• Raw facts and figures.
• Data is a collection of raw facts is to be processed to take
information.
• Data cannot be used for decision making or action taking.

Information:
• Processed data.
• On information we can take decisions or make some analysis.
• Information is the meaningful, processed data, which is
relevant and accurate.

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 Data and Information
Nimal Shantha:59,75,49,81,65
Shan Perera:76,49,52,74,66
Aruna Kumara:76,69,82,76,73

400
Name
. Total Average Rank
Nimal S 329 65.8 2 300 Total
Shan P. 317 63.2 3
200
Aruna K. 376 71.2 1

100

0
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 Data Processing Cycle

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 Few Basics
• Computers
– A computer is an electronic machine that has the capability
to perform certain types of processing/computation on the
supplied data. It can also store the data as well as
generated results.

Input Process Output

Storage
 Few Basics
• Computers
– Device that accepts input, process and stores data, and gives
output
– Device that can execute specific set of instructions in a well-
defined manner
 Few Basics
• Computer Hardware
• Electric, electronic, and mechanical devices

• Computer Software
• Programs and data in electronic form on a storage
medium
• Program- Sequence of Instructions
 Few Basics

Computer

Hardware Software

CPU I/O Application System Utility

Memory Etc.
 Few Basics: Computer Software
• System Software:
• Controls the computer
• Performs the basic operating tasks

• Application Software:
• Help user to accomplish a specific task

• Utility Software
• Software that augment the system software
 Few Basics
• Input devices
• Processor & Memory
• Storage devices
• Output devices
Few Basics
Few Basics: Input Devices
Mouse

Keyboard

Joystick

Light pen

Tablet

Camera

Microphone
Few Basics : Output Devices

Printer - laser, inkjet, dotmatrix

Plotter - flatbed, drum

Speakers

Monitor - CRT, LCD, projector

Few Basics: Primary Storage
• RAM
• ROM
• etc.
Few Basics : Secondary Storage
• Hard disk
• Floppy
• CD
• DVD
 Few Basics: Bits & Bytes
• Bit - a binary digit e.g. 1 or 0
• Byte - a binary word consisting of 8 bits
• Kilo Byte - 1024 bytes
• Mega Byte - 1024 KB
• Giga Byte - 1024 MB
• Tera Byte - 1024 GB
• Peta Byte - 1024 TB
• Exa Byte - 1024 PB
Few Basics: Computer Software
Licensed and Free Software

• Single user license

• Multiple user license
• Concurrent use license
• Site license
• Public domain software
• Shareware
Few Basics:
Few Basics: Computer Networks
Network:
A collection of computers and other devices that
communicate with each other to share data,
hardware and
software
Few basics: Computer Networks
• Local Area Networks (LAN): Network that is
located within a relatively limited area (a
building or campus)

• Wide Area Networks (WAN): Network that

covers a large geographical area
A Computer Network
 Few Basics: Internet

• Is a collection of local, regional, and national

computer networks that are linked together to
exchange data and distribute computing tasks

• World Wide Web (WWW) and Electronic Mails

(E-mail) are among the Internet Services
 Few Basics
• Information
– Data that have been collected and processed into a meaningful
form
• Information System
– A computer-based system that provides both data processing
capability and information for managerial decision making
• Information Society
– A society in which the generation and dissemination of
information becomes the central focus of commerce.
• Information Technology
– A collective reference to the integration of computing
technology and information processing
 Computer as an ICT tool
• Characteristics of Computers
– SPEED : In general, no human being can
compete to solving the complex computation,
faster than computer.
– ACCURACY : Since Computer is programmed, so
what ever input we give it gives result with
accurately.
– STORAGE : Computer can store mass storage of
data with appropriate format.
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 • DILIGENCE : Computer can work for hours without
any break and creating error.
• VERSATILITY : We can use computer to perform
completely different type of work at the same
time.
• POWER OF REMEMBERING : It can remember data for
us.
• NO INTELLIGENCE : Computer does not work
without instruction.
• NO FEELING : Computer does not have emotions,
knowledge, experience, feeling.
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