HIV

AIDS
 Adults and children estimated to be living
with HIV/AIDS as of end 2007

East Asia & Pacific

1 million

South
Sub-Saharan & South-East Asia
Africa 7.8 million
24.7 million

Global
33 million
Asia and the Pacific
8.8 million
 Global Situation

 Our World is in the epicentre of a vicious HIV

and AIDS epidemic

 There are more than 40 million people living

with HIV and AIDS all over the world

9 out of 10 people infected don't know that

they are carrying the HIV virus
 Philippine Situation
www.plwha.or
g
ö 10,514 HIV/AIDS reported HIV cases (1984 – August 2012)

ö 9, 92% (9,637) were infected through sexual contact

ö 4% (420) through needle sharing among injecting drug users
ö 1% (59) through mother-to-child transmission
ö <1% (20) through blood transfusion
ö <1% (3) needle prick injury.
ö No data is available for 4% (375) of the cases.
ö One of the few remaining low prevalence country in Asia Pacific
 Demographic Data May 2012 Jan – May 2012 Cumulative Data :
1984 - 2012
Total Reported Cases 273 1,305 9,669

Asymptomatic Cases 261 1,243 8,627

AIDS Cases 12 62 1,042

Males 261 1,243 8,133

Females 12 62 1,525

Youth 15 – 24yo 76 365 2,282

Children <15yo 1 4 62

Deaths due to AIDS 2 9 352

 What is HIV and AIDS?

Human
Immunodeficiency
Virus.
It is a retrovirus that causes HIV infection. Its entrance into the body lowers the
immunity (body defence system) or the ability to fight off disease.
 What is HIV and AIDS?
HIV Infection is the successful entry of HIV in the human host,
weakening the immune system and leading to a spectrum of diseases
 A lifetime infection
 No vaccine to prevent it
 No cure
 No signs and symptoms
 HIV destroys the immune system
 HIV causes AIDS
 What is HIV and AIDS?

Acquired It is a condition characterized by a combination

of signs and symptoms, caused by HIV contracted
from another which attacks and weakens the
Immune body’s immune system, making the afflicted
individual susceptible to other life threatening
infection.
Deficiency
Syndrome
Stage IV: ADVANCED DISEASES (AIDS)

The patient experiences opportunistic infections from bacterial,

mycobacterial, fungal, protozoal, viral and malignant sources that can
cause any of the following:

Swollen glands
Mouth infections
Brain infections
Skin diseases
Lung diseases
Loss of weight
How HIV
is transmitted?

Sexual intercourse

Blood, blood products, tissues and

organs : Transfusion, Transplant , Reuse of
contaminated needles, Syringes, Medical utensils &
other piercing instruments!

Mother-to-child
[ 4 BODY FLUIDS ]
HIV is NOT transmitted through?

Kissing

 Casual contacts or handshakes

 Sharing living quarters, eating or

drinking with an infected person

 Mosquitoes and bed bugs.

 HIV Detection & Testing?

HIV can be detected through the following tests:

Antibody test - an indirect test measures the response

of one’s body to the presence of HIV

Antigen test - a test that directly measures the virus

 HIV Detection & Testing?

HIV Testing is voluntary, confidential and

anonymous, with pre and post-test counselling.
The window period for testing is 6 months from
the last exposure with HIV.
 Is there a cure for HIV & AIDS?

There is NO vaccine and NO cure for HIV.

Anti-retroviral medication (ARVs) may only
slow down the replication of the virus

But! can be prevented...

[ 5 WAYS OF HIV PREVENTION ]

A - Abstinence

B - Be faithful to your partner

C - Correct & Consistent use of Condom

D - Don’t use illegal drugs (esp. Injectable)

E - Education, Early Diagnosis & Treatment