PRESENTATION

ON
“SUBSTATION LAYOUT
EXPLANATION"

Prepared by: Guided by:

Patel Keyur N.(130950109058) Asst. Prof. Sneha Patel,
8th sem, Electrical dept.,ITMU Electrical dept.,ITMU
Subject: PSPD
1
 Index
General Arrangement
Switchyard Layout
Major factors deciding a layout
 Factors Determine The Switchyard Area
Area occupied by one Dia in D & I Layout
Layout (Plan & Sections)
Minimum Clearances for Layout
Design Calculation for Layout
Bay widths & levels
Single Line diagram & Layout plan drawing
Layout Section drawing
Standard Classification Of Towers
Typical dimensions between equipments
Miscellaneous
 General Arrangement
 Placement of switchyard
 Control Room placement
 Fire fighting pump house placement
 DG set placement
 LT station placement
(ACDB, DCDB, Battery Bank & Battery Charges)
 Identification of roads & rail tracks
 Identification of boundary wall and fencing
 Identification of approach roads
 Space for colony and other infrastructures
 General Arrangement
LAYOUT (PLAN & SECTION) OF SWITCHYARD

PLANNING ASPECTS:

• Switching scheme to be adopted.

• Type of Layout (D or I)
• Details of feeders requirements.
• Future/anticipated expansion of the substation.
• Available size of plot .
 Switchyard Layout

 Single Line Diagram

 Bus Switching Scheme
 Normal rating with temperature rise,
Short time current rating
 Rating & insulation levels of the
equipments
 Bay numbering
 Major factors deciding a layout
 Standard factors
 Electrical clearances
 Heights of different levels & electric field
 Variable factors
 Shape of land & feeder orientation
 Bus bar arrangement
 Type of isolator used
 Arrangement of lightning protection
 Location of control room building, FFPH
 Roads and rail tracks
 Factors Determine The Switchyard Area

Conventional (AIS) OR GIS

D Type OR I Type Layout

Automation (SAS) OR without Automation

 GA:- Area occupied by one Dia in D & I Layout

8662.5 sqm=2.14 acre (27m bay width)

7969.5sqm=1.969 acre (24m bay width) 3504 sqm = 0.865 acre (24m bay width)
 Layout (Plan & Sections)

 Selection of conductor for main bus, Transfer bus, Jack bus,

equipment interconnection
AAC conductor
ACSR conductor
AAAC conductor
Aluminium pipe
 Space for a bay (bay width)
Phase to phase clearance
Phase to earth clearance
Section Clearance
Minimum Clearances for Layout (at altitude
<1000m above mean sea level)…
Voltage Level Ph-Ph Ph-E Sectional
(Rated) (mm) (mm) Clearance (mm)

765 kV 7600 4900 10300

400 kV 4000 3500 6500

220 kV 2100 2100 5000

132 kV 1300 1300 4000
110 kV 1100 1100 3800

66 kV 630 630 3500

33 kV 320 320 2800

Altitude corrections w.r.t clearances, insulation levels, creepage and

oil temperature rise of the equipment shall be considered for
altitudes more than 1000 m above mean sea level.
 Design Calculation for Layout

 Sag tension calculation & Sag tension Chart w.r.t initial

static tension, maximum temperature rise etc.
 Short circuit force calculation and determination of spacer
span as per IEC:865
 Direct Stroke Lightning Protection (DSLP) Calculation
By Lightning Masts
By Overhead earthwires
 Design of earthing system
Touch & step potential control
Grid resistance as low as possible
Location of fencing
 Bay widths & levels
Voltage Bay First Second Third BIL SIL
Level width Level Level level kVp kVp
765 kV 38m 14m 27m 39m 2100 1550
400 kV 27/24m 8m 15m 22m 1550 1050
220 kV 18/16m 5.9m 11.7m 16.2m 1050 650
132 kV 12m 4.6m 7.5m 10.8m 650 NA
66 kV 7.6m 4m 6m 9.5m 325 NA

Ligtning Impulse : 1.2/50 micro sec

Switching Impulse: 250/2500 micro sec
Single Line diagram & Layout plan drawing
Layout Section drawing
 STANDARD CLASSIFICATION OF TOWERS
Wind Zone : 47m/Sec
400kV Height
Tower Height Peak Angle of End /Middle
First Second
Type Level Level Deviation
TA 15 m NIL 7.5m ±30 deg End
TB 15 m NIL 7.5m ±30 deg Middle
TC 15 m NIL NIL 0 deg End
TD 15 m NIL NIL 0 deg Middle
TE 15 m NIL 7.5m 0 deg End
TF 15 m NIL 7.5m 0 deg Middle
TG 22 m NIL 7.5 m ±30 deg End
TH 22 m NIL 7.5 m ±30 deg Middle
TI 22 m NIL 7.5 m 0 deg End
TJ 22 m NIL 7.5 m 0 deg Middle
TK 15 m 7m 7.5 m 0 deg Corner/ 2beams
TL 15 m 7m 7.5 m 0 deg Middle/ 3beams
TM 15 m 7m 7.5 m ±30 deg Corner/ 2beams
TN 15 m 7m 7.5 m ±30 deg Middle/ 3beams
 NON-STANDARD TOWERS
Tower Type Description

400kV
TG Beam at 15 m with peak 23m
TSP Beam at 23m with peak 30 m
G5 Beam at 15m (Twin Moose)
GSP Beam at 23m
220kV
TA Beam at 11m
TB Beam at 11m & 17.5m
TC Beam at 11m & 17.5m with peak 22m
G1 Beam at 11m (Single Moose)
G2 Beam at 11m (Twin Moose)
G3 Beam at 17.5m (Single Moose)
 Typical dimensions between
equipments
400 kV 220 kV 132 kV 66 kV
CB&ISO 10.5 m 6.5 m 3.75m 3m
ISO&CT 7m 4m 2.5 m 2m
CB&CT 7m 3m+road+5 m 2.5 m 2m

Gantry Tower 6m 3.5 m 1.8 m 1.8 m

&ISO
SA &PI& CVT 6m 3.5 m 2.5 m 2m
LA & SR 7m - - -
Road & SR 15 m - - -
 Control Room Building
Placement of
 Control, Relay & Protection Panels
 PLCC Panels
 AC Distribution Board
 DC Distribution Board
 Batteries (220V, 48V)
 Battery Chargers
 Lighting Transformers
 Lighting Distribution Boards
 Rooms of Station-in Charge & staff
 Miscellaneous
 Fire Fighting Pump House

Placement of
 AC driven main pump
 DG driven stand-by pump
 Jockey Pump
 Air Vessels
 AC Distribution Board cum pump control panels
 Fire Water Tank
 Miscellaneous

Placement of
 LT Station (ACDB, DCDB, Battery Bank &
Battery Chargers)
 Diesel Generator Set with AMF Panel
 Security hut
 Office Buildings
 Other residential buildings
LAYOUT OF COLONY & SUBSTATION COMPLEX
THANK YOU