Geometric

Constructions
GEOMETRIC CONSTRUCTION?
• to draw shapes, angles/ lines
accurately
• uses compass, pencil, &
straightedge (ruler)
 Things to remember:
• Construction lines should be
drawn very lightly & should be
visible when the drawing is
held at arm’s length.
Terms used in
Geometric
Construction
 Terms used: Point
• Location in a particular space
• Has no height, width, & depth
• May be made by:
(a) 2 intersecting lines
(b) Small cross
(c) Cross bar on a given line
 Terms used: Line
• Shortest distance between 2
points
• Has no width but has length
• May be (a) vertical, (b) diagonal, (c)
horizontal, (d) perpendicular, (e)
parallel, & (f) sloping.
 Terms used: Angle
• Formed by 2 intersecting lines
• Kinds:
(a) Straight angle (180˚)
(b) Right angle (90˚)
(c) Acute angle (<90˚)
(d) Obtuse angle (>90˚)
 Terms used: Triangle
• A plane bounded by 3 straight
sides & the sum of interior
angles is always 180˚
 Terms used: Triangle
• Kinds:
(a) Equilateral- all sides are equal
(b) Isosceles- 2 sides & 2 angles are
equal
(c) Scalene- no sides/ angles are
equal
(d) Right- 1 angle is 90˚
 Terms used: Quadrilateral
• Plane figures bounded by 4
straight lines
• “parallelogram” if 2 opposite
sides are parallel
Terms used: Quadrilateral
• Kinds:
(a) Square- 4 sides are equal
& angles (right)
(b) Rectangle- 2 opposite sides are
equal & angles (right)
 Terms used: Quadrilateral
• Kinds:
(c) Rhombus- with opposite equal
acute angles, opposite equal obtuse
angles, and four equal sides.
(d) Rhomboid- only the opposite sides
and angles are equal.
Terms used: Quadrilateral
• Kinds:
(e) Trapezoid- 2 parallel sides &
angles are not equal
(f) Trapezium- all sides & angles are
not equal
 Terms used: Polygons
• Kinds:
(a) Pentagon- 5 equal sides & angles
(b) Hexagon- 6 equal sides & angles
(c) Heptagon- 7 equal sides & angles
(d) Octagon- 8 equal sides & angles
 Terms used: Polygons
• Bounded by straight lines
• “regular polygon” if all sides
& angles are equal
• May be: (a) inscribed- figure inside a
circle (b) circumscribed- figure
outside a circle
 Terms used: Circle
• Bounded by circumference &
all points are equidistant from
the center
• Circumference- distance
around the circle
• Arc- any taken part of a circle
 Terms used: Circle
• Terms:
(a) Diameter- a line passing through
the center & meets the
circumference at both ends
(b) Radius (singular)/ Radii (plural)-
line drawn from the center to any
point in its circumference
 Terms used: Circle
• Terms:
(e) Tangent- straight line that touches
a particular point in the circumference
(f) Sector- bounded by 2 radii and an
arc
(g) Quadrant- bounded by 2 radii
forming 90˚ and an arc
 Terms used: Circle
• Terms:
(c) Chord- straight line that does not
pass through the center but meets the
circumference at both ends
(d) Segment- bounded by a chord and
an arc
 Terms used: Circle
• Terms:
(h) Secant- straight line that passes
through 2 points in the circumference
(i) Eccentric- have various centers
(j) Concentric- having the same center
but each circle has its own radius
 Terms used: Circle
• Terms:
(h) Secant- straight line that passes
through 2 points in the circumference
(i) Eccentric- have various centers
(j) Concentric- having the same center
but each circle has its own radius