Muscular and

Respiratory System
By: Thomas Towey, Collin McGarty,
Matthew Sargent, and Sage Jones
Respiratory system:

● Most vital system in our body

● Without it we wouldn't be able to breath
● Breath in with oxygen.
● Breath out Carbon Dioxide.
● Delivers Oxygen to Red Blood cells
Trachea

● Vital for swallowing

● Known as the windpipe
● Epiglottis covers the entrance to trachea when you swallow
● Shown as a straw in our project
Pharynx

● Passageway for air and food

● Food moves from the Pharynx to the Trachea.
● Shown by second straw connecting from head to the front of the mouth in
our model
Larynx

● Muscles pull the vocal cords together, Air passes through causing chords to
vibrate and produce noise
● Also known as the voice box
● Located at the top of the neck
Bronchi

● Large passageways in the chest cavity

● The Bronchus leads to the lungs
● Leads to Bronchioles.
● Part of the lungs which is represented by balloons in our project
Alveoli

● Millions of tiny air sacs

● Little clusters
● Network of capillaries surrounds each Alveoli
Diaphragm

● Large, flat muscle

● Bottom of chest cavity
● Contracts and expands the volume of the chest cavity using smooth
involuntary muscles
● Creates a partial vacuum
● Represented by the balloon at the bottom of the bottle in our project
Muscular System:

● Vital so we can move everyday.

● Performs simple to complex tasks with voluntary and involuntary movement
throughout the body
● 3 Types of Muscles
○ Smooth
○ Skeletal
○ Cardiac
Skeletal Muscles

● Voluntary movements
● String “contracts” the muscle and pulls up the arm
● Most are attached to bundles of collagen fibers (tendons)
Smooth Muscles

● Type of muscle tissue in the body

● Smooth muscle fibers are located in walls of hollow visceral organs
● Involuntary movements
● Controls blood flow and food through body
● The diaphragm contracts and expands, allowing air into the lungs
Cardiac Muscles

● Pumps blood through the body

● Involuntary
● Found in the walls of the heart
● Contract to pump blood out
● Relax to let blood back in
The Building Process

● We planned and blueprinted for the first week or so.

● Then we started building the muscular system model, a lot of trial and error
● Then built the lung cavity and started to build the respiratory system model
● Next we attached the arms to the outside of the lung cavity
● Finally we inserted the lungs inside the lung cavity and made a head.
○ After doing this we tested the model multiple times to make sure it worked changing
materials or structure if needed
Muscular System Model

● Represented by two arms that move upward to the shoulders on a string

● The string represents the voluntary movement of the muscles contracting
and moving the arms upwards
● The hinge represents the elbow and the tendon connecting the two bones
Respiratory System Model

● Shows the expanding and contracting of the diaphragm

● As diaphragm contracts, air is sucked into straws
● Air moves from mouth, through straws, and into lungs delivering oxygen to
the “body”
● As the diaphragm expands the air is released out of the lungs showing the
exhale and release of carbon dioxide through the straw
How the Systems Work Together

● Smooth muscles are in the lungs and diaphragm

● The smooth, involuntary muscles, expand and contract to take in air and
release carbon dioxide from the lungs and body
● Muscles help the respiratory system work along with almost every other
system in the body
Thanks for Listening