‫بسم هللا الرحمن الرحيم‬

Benadir University
Faculty Of Medicine

Assgnment: waste disposal

By Group one
Lecturer: Dr: C/nuur Sheikh Axmed
Waste disporsal
• What does the term waste mean?
Waste means any item that people no longer have any use
for, which they either intend to get rid of or already
discarded.
Kinds of Wastes
Solid wastes: domestic, commercial and industrial wastes
especially common as co-disposal of wastes

Examples: plastics, styrofoam containers, bottles,

cans, papers, scrap iron, and
other trash

Liquid Wastes: wastes in liquid form

Examples: domestic washings, chemicals, oils, waste

water from ponds, manufacturing industries
and other sources
Classification of Wastes according to
their Properties

Bio-degradable
can be degraded (paper, wood, fruits and others)

Non-biodegradable
cannot be degraded (plastics, bottles, old machines,
cans, styrofoam containers and others)
 Classification of Wastes according to
their Effects on Human Health and the
Environment
• Hazardous wastes
• Substances unsafe to use commercially, industrially,
agriculturally, or economically that are shipped,
transported to or brought from the country of origin for
dumping or disposal in, or in transit through, any part of
the territory

• Non-hazardous
• Substances safe to use commercially, industrially,
agriculturally, or economically that are shipped,
transported to or brought from the country of origin for
dumping or disposal in, or in transit through, any part of
the territory
Sources of Wastes

Households

Commerce and
Industry
 Sources of Wastes
Agriculture

Fisheries
Human wastes
• Human waste is a waste type usually used to refer to
byproducts of digestion, such as feces and urine.
• Human waste is considered a biowaste as it is a good
vector for both viral and bacterial diseases. It can be a
serious health hazard if it gets into sources of drinking
water. The World Heath Organization reports that nearly
2.2 million people die annually from diseases caused by
contaminated water. A major accomplishment of human
civilization has been the reduction of disease transmission
via human waste through the practice of hygiene and
sanitation, including the development of plumbing.
• Over 1.8billion tonnes of wastes are genrated each year
in Europe.
This equals to 3.5 tonnes per person.
• This is mainly made up of waste coming from
household,commercial activity, construction and
demolition projects, industry, agriculture,minning,
 EFFECTS OF WASTE IF NOT
MANAGED

• Affects our health

• Affects our socio-economic conditions
• Affects our coastal and marine environment
• Affects our climate
How the waste effect our health?
• For example accumulation of wastes leads variety of
pests such as mosquitoes and flies which are the most
spreaders of the diseases including: Dengue, malaria,
cholera,typhoid and etc.
• Also they attract stray animals like dogs and caws which
add to mess and may block ways.
Waste management
• There are many different options available for the
treatment and management of the waste including:
minimization, re-use or recycling, energy recovery and
disporsal
Types of collection
• Garbage collection by the community or "door to door"
collection
• Container park or waste collection point
disposal
• The action all procees of throweng away or getting rid of
something
• Methodes of disposal
• 1-landfill
• 2-decomposed
• 3-receycling
• 4 burning
• Compost
You can create a compost in your own house, especially
to dispose off organic wastes. Ideally this should be in
everyone's homes as there are a lot of wastes like
branches and leaves which can be disposed off. More
importantly compost is beneficial for the environment as
unnecessary refuse is not dumped into a landfill. Methane
is created by organic matter if you put them in a landfills,
which in turn adds to the greenhouse gases thereby
causing global warming. Rather than throwing away
leaves and other household organic matter if you use
them as compost, soil is replenished thereby reducing
cost of land reclamation
• Landfill
If you can't recycle non-hazardous wastes, the alternative
you have is a landfill, a relatively cheap option. However,
any open area won't do, there are certain guidelines and
they should be properly monitored and maintained. A
landfill must have a lining to so as to shield it from water
seeping into the landfill thereby making water poisonous
and unfit for consumption.
• Burning
Even though landfills is a cheap option which you may
use if large amounts of trash is collected, burning
provides an alternative through which the volume can be
quickly reduced. Environment friendly burning method
does not just burn all trash lying around, but uses filters
and scrubbers so that poisonous and acidic gases are not
released into the atmosphere. Moreover, this method
prevents ash from being released into the atmosphere
Aims of waste management
• Environmental protection
• Hazards to
• groundwater
• water bodies, coastlines, oceans
• air
• soil
• nature and landscape
• Public health, urban and residential hygiene
• Prevention of infections
• purification of drinking water, air, foodstuffs
Sammary of waste disporsal
• What does the term waste mean?
Waste means any item that people no longer have any use
for, which they either intend to get rid of or already
discarded.
Kindds of wastes
Solid and
liquid
Classification of waste according to their properts
Bio-degradable
Non-biodegradable
Classification of waste according to their
effect on human health and environment
• Hazardous wastes
• Non-hazardous
• Human wastes
• Human waste is a waste type usually used to refer to
byproducts of digestion, such as feces and urine.
• Human waste is considered a biowaste as it is a good vector
for both viral and bacterial diseases. It can be a serious health
hazard if it gets into sources of drinking water. The World Heath
Organization reports that nearly 2.2 million people die annually
from diseases caused by contaminated water. A major
accomplishment of human civilization has been the reduction of
disease transmission via human waste through the practice of
hygiene and sanitation, including the development of plumbing.
Source of wastes
• House holds
• Commerce and indusrty
• Agrtculture
• Hospitals
• Projects of building and demolition
•
EFFECTS OF WASTE IF NOT MANAGED

• Affects our health

• Affects our socio-economic conditions
• Affects our coastal and marine environment
• Affects our climate
How the waste effect our health?
• For example accumulation of wastes leads variety of
pests such as mosquitoes and flies which are the most
spreaders of the diseases including: Dengue, malaria,
cholera,typhoid and etc.
• Also they attract stray animals like dogs and caws which
add to mess and may block ways.
• Waste management
• There are many different options available for the
treatment and management of the waste including:
minimization, re-use or recycling, energy recovery and
disporsal
Types of collection
• Garbage collection by the community or "door to door"
collection
• Container park or waste collection point
• disposal
• The action all procees of throweng away or getting rid of
something
• Methodes of disposal
• 1-landfill
• 2-decomposed
• 3-receycling
• 4 burning
Aims of waste management
• Environmental protection
• Hazards to
• groundwater
• water bodies, coastlines, oceans
• air
• soil
• nature and landscape
• Public health, urban and residential hygiene
• Prevention of infections
• purification of drinking water, air, foodstuffs