Copyright and Fair Use

Galotera, Orata, Ybanez

III - Beryllium
News
News
 Copyright

• ownership of an intellectual property within

the limits prescribed by a particular nation's or
international law
• exclusive rights granted to the author or
creator of an original work, including the right
to copy, distribute and adapt the work
• does not protect ideas, only their expression
or fixation
 Fair Use

• any copying of copyrighted material done for

a limited and "transformative" purpose such
as to comment upon
• can either be a commentary/critique or
parody
• such uses can be done without permission
from the copyright owner
• a defense against infringement
 Copyright Infringement

• unauthorized or prohibited use of works

covered by copyright law, in a way that
violates one of the copyright owner's exclusive
rights, such as the right to reproduce or
perform the copyrighted work, or to
make derivative work
• Piracy – unauthorized distribution or
reproduction of electronic or audio-visual
media
Common Examples of Copyright Infringement

• In Musical work
– Duplication of a CD or other recorded media
containing copyright material without permission
of the copyright holder may be a form of
copyright infringement, dependent on local laws.
 Common Examples of Copyright Infringement

• In TV and film
– Promotional screener DVDs distributed by movie studios (often
for consideration for awards) are a common source of
unauthorized copying when movies are still in theatrical release.
– Movies are also still copied by someone sneaking
a camcorder into a movie theater and secretly taping the
projection, although such copies are often of lesser quality
than DVD.
– Some copyright owners have responded to infringement by
displaying warning notices on commercially sold DVDs; these
warnings do not always give a fair picture of the purchaser's legal
rights, which generally include the rights to sell, exchange, rent or
lend a purchased DVD.
 Common Examples of Copyright Infringement

• In Text
– The unauthorized use of text content can be a form of
copyright infringement. It is common on the world
wide web for text to be copied from one site to
another without consent of the author.
– “Copy-paste” methods
– To avoid being accused of plagiarism, one must need
to cite sources in order for the owner of the
intellectual property to be recognized
Copyright Infringement of Software

• Also known as Software Piracy

• refers to several practices which involve
the unauthorized copying of computer
software
Copyright Infringement of Software
• [Effect] Peer to peer (P2P) file sharing technologies
have lowered the threshold of knowledge needed to
acquire massive amounts of information. Large
networks have been created which are dedicated to
share knowledge, but these same networks can be
used to infringe copyright. Identifying infringing use
can be difficult, since the users can modify the name
and content of material being shared.
• Example:
– ThePirateBay.org
 Copyleft

•a general method for making a program (or other work) free, and
requiring all modified and extended versions of the program to be free as
well. 
• form of licensing and can be used to maintain copyright conditions for
works such as cmputer software, documents, music and art. 
•copyright law is used by an author to prohibit others from reproducing,
adapting, or distributing copies of the author's work. In contrast, an
author may give every person who receives a copy of a work permission
to reproduce, adapt or distribute it and require that any resulting copies
or adaptations are also bound by the same licensing agreement. 
 Philippine Copyright Law

• also known as Republic Act 8293

•partly based on United States Copyright
Law and the principles of the Berne Convention
for the Protection of Literary and Artistic Works
•also protect patents, trademarks and other
intellectual property
Berne Convention for the Protection of
Literary and Artistic Works

•The convention rests on three basic principles and contains a

series of provisions determining the minimum protection to be
granted, as well as special provisions available to developing
countries which want to make use of them.
•The three basic principles are the following:
•Principle of national treatment
•Principle of “automatic” protection
•Principle of the “independence” of protection
 Copyright Law in the United States
• Copyright Act of 1976.
• The Copyright Act prevents the unauthorized copying of a work of
authorship. However, only the copying of the work is prohibited--anyone
may copy the ideas contained within a work.
– For example, a copyright could cover a written description of a
machine, but the actual machine itself is not covered. Thus, no one
could copy the written description, while anyone could use the
description to build the described machine.
• Copyrights can be registered in the Copyright Office in the Library of
Congress, but newly created works do not need to be registered. In fact, it
is no longer necessary to even place a copyright notice on a work for it to
be protected by copyright law. However, the Copyright Act does provide
additional benefits to those who register with the Copyright Office.
 Sources
http://searchsecurity.techtarget.com/sDefinition/0,,sid14_gci211841,00.html
http://fairuse.stanford.edu/Copyright_and_Fair_Use_Overview/chapter9/9-a.html
http://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/Copyright
http://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/Philippine_copyright_law
http://docs.google.com/viewer?
a=v&q=cache:jFlTD6W_GDQJ:cogprints.org/2935/1/SchoolIPEdu.pdf+copy-paste+issues,
+intellectual+property&hl=en&pid=bl&srcid=ADGEESjMLALMu0ghFfWmT0jMWA99sF3X-
TG9fbqDWswsg4BbepMQhKrzeaa8vU35sALjFyC4z3wPlYVymdTcFF1Q5aHVqCAsLuxVVMh6f7S
mHf6LZwiqU-qIItwrFs7c_hIiUmFsQM15&sig=AHIEtbST4j8u6GnNAKDfXE5v-IGR9sUH8g
http://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/Copyright_infringement#Text
http://ecommerce.hostip.info/pages/681/Legal-Issues.html
http://www.bitlaw.com/copyright/index.html
http://www.wipo.int/treaties/en/ip/berne/summary_berne.html
http://www.gnu.org/copyleft/copyleft.html
09/01/10 *sooo pink LOL*

Ayanna Benita Galotera

Mary Jef Rose Orata
Marie Athena Ybanez
III – Beryllium