AMELOGENESIS

IMPERFECTA
Ayesha Awan
1. What is Amelogenesis Imperfecta?
2. Types
3. Radiographic Findings
◦ AMELO : Enamel
◦ GENESIS : Growth
◦ IMPERFECTA : Poor, Less than brilliant
 WHAT IS AMELOGENSIS
IMPERFECTA?

A group of hereditary defects of ENAMEL

which are unassociated with other
generalized defects
It is entirely Ectodermal disturbance as all
mesodermal components of the teeth are
normal
Due to disturbances in stages of the
Enamel formation
(1) Enamel Matrix formation (functioning
of ameloblasts)
(2) Mineralization of the Enamel matrix
(primary Mineralization)
(3) Maturation of matrix (secondary
mineralization)
 3 basic types depending on defects in
these defects

 Hypoplastic
 Hypocalcified
 Hypomaturation
 HYPOPLASTIC TYPE
(INAEQUATE FORMATION OF MATRIX)
1.Enamel is thinner than normal
either focal or generalized

2. Diffused pitting or smooth surface

3. Normal Hardness

4. Yellow/brown discoloration which is due to conversion of

organic content to inorganic content by mineralization

5. Gap between teeth as thickness reduced

6. Attrition maybe seen

Focal
Hypoplastic
type

Generalized
Hypoplastic
type
 HYPOCALCIFIED TYPE
(DUE TO FAILURE IN MINERALIZATION)
1. Normal Thickness
2. Enamel is so soft that it can be easily
removed during prophylaxis treatment
3. Due to enamel wearing Dentin is
exposed which is easily stained
(yellow/brown discolouration) and caries
prone
Hypo Calcified
 HYPOMATURATION
(Defect in maturation of enamel crystals)
1. Normal Thickness but reduced Hardness
2. Enamel can be pierced with point of dental
explorer under firm pressure
3. Reduced translucency
4. Mottled appearance with discolouration
5. Prone to Attrition
6. Mild form shows normal teeth with white
flecks of Enamel on incisal third of teeth
known as the Snow Capped Teeth
Hypomaturation AI
Snow Capped Teeth
RADIOGRAPHIC FEATURES

Hypoplastic Hypocalcified Hypomaturation

Enamel layer is Enamel layer is Thin Layer

thin wispy or absent

Radio density is Enamel has Less Radio density is

greater than that Radio density than almost equal to
of Adjacent dentin dentin that of dentin
Hypoplastic AI
Hypocalcified AI
Hypomaturation with Taurodontism
 References

 Contemporary Oral and Maxillofacial

Pathology