SECONDARY STORAGE AND INPUT AND

OUTPUT DEVICES
 Access Methods

Data and information access can

be either sequential or direct
1st sequential access 2nd direct access

“A retrieval method in which data must be “A retrieval method in which data can be
accessed in the order in which it is retrieved without the need to read and
stored.” discard other data.”

The devices used to sequentially access The devices used to directly access
secondary storage data are simply called: secondary storage data are simply called

 sequential access storagedevice  direct access storage device(DASD)

(SASD) “A device used for direct access of
“A device used to sequentially secondary storage data.”
access secondary storage data.”

(magnetic tape) allow only sequential (magnetic and optical discs) provide
access, direct and sequential access.

direct access is usually faster than sequential

access.
Secondary Storage Devices
Magnetic
tap

A type of sequential
secondary
storage medium, now used
primarily for storing
backups of
critical organizational data
in the
event of a disaster.
magnetic disk

A direct access storage device, with bits represented by

magnetized areas.
redundant array of
independent/inexpensive
disks (RAID)
A method of storing data that
generates extra bits of data from
existing data.
virtual tape
A storage device for less frequently needed data
storage area network (SAN)
A special-purpose, high-speed
network that provides high-speed
connections among data-storage
devices and computers over a
network
compact disc read-only
memory (CD-ROM)
.
 A common form of optical disc on
which data cannot be modified once
it has been recorded
digital video disc (DVD)

 A storage medium used to store software, video games, and

movies.
Input Devices
Personal Computer Input Devices

 A keyboard and a computer mouse are the most common

devices used for entry of data such as characters, text, and
basic commands.
Speech-Recognition Technology

 Input devices that recognize human speech

 enables a computer equipped with a source of speech input
such as a microphone to interpret human speech as an
alternative means of providing data or instructions to the
computer.
Digital Cameras

 An input device used with a PC to record and store images

and video in digital form.
Touch-Sensitive Screens
 Portable computers (A computer
small enough to carry
easily.)
 handheld computer :A single-user computer that provides ease
of portability because of its small size.
 Also known as pocket pc’s or pda’s
 these are extremely mobile ,multifunction devices
 Smartphone
 when a hand held computer can also be used to make calls
 A phone that combines the functionality of a mobile phone, personal
digital assistant, camera, Web browser, e-mail tool, and other devices
into a single handheld device.
 laptop computer :A personal computer designed for use by mobile users;
it is small and light enough to sit comfortably on a user’s lap.
 notebook computer Smaller than a laptop computer,
 netbook computer
The smallest, lightest, least expensive member of the laptop computer
family.
 Tablet comuters: a portable, lightweight computer, with no key bord
Nonportable Single-User
Computers

 thin client
 A low-cost, centrally managed
 computer with essential but limited
 capabilities and no extra drives
 (such as CD or DVD drives) or
 expansion slots.
 desktop computer
 A relatively small, inexpensive,
 single-user computer that is highly
 Versatile
 workstation
 A more powerful personal computer
 used for mathematical computing,
 computer-aided design, and other
 high-end processing, but still small
 enough to fit on a desktop
 Multiple-User Computer Systems
 Server : A computer used by many users to perform a specific task, such as running network or Internet applications.
 blade server
 A server that houses many
 individual computer motherboards
 that include one or more
 processors, computer memory,
 computer storage, and computer
 network connections.
 mainframe computer
A large, powerful computer often
shared by hundreds of concurrent
users connected to the machine via
terminals.
supercomputers
The most powerful computer
systems with the fastest processing
speeds.

green computing
A program concerned with the
efficient and environmentally
responsible design, manufacture,
operation, and disposal of IS-related
products.