Name

1. Nuriyatul Puspita P27835117001

2. Nofi Puji P27835117002
3. Candranimgtyas Hermadani P27835117003
4. Ayu Kriza P27835117004
5. Musyaibah Rahma P27835117005
6. Dwinda Aprilia P27835117006
7. Devi Kintan P27835117007
8. Amalia Maharani P27835117008
 The science that interprets the
interaction of nutirents and other
substances in food in relation to
maintenance, growth, reproduction,
Nutrition health and disease of an organism

Science
It includes food in take,
absorption,assimilation,biosynt
hesis,catabolism and excretion.
 Fat

Water Vitamin
Kind Of
Nutrition

Protein Carbohy
drate
Minera
l
Definotion Clasification

Macro Micro
Helpfully ‘burn’ other nutrient to be energy

Material, usually of plant or animal origin,that

contains or consists of essential body
nutrients, such as carbohydrates, fats,
proteins, vitamins or minerals
The diet of an organism is what it eats, which
is largely determinded by the availability and
palatibility of foods. For humans, a healthy
diet includes preparation of food and storage
methods that preserve nutrients from
oxidation,heat or leaching, and that reduce
risk of foodborne illness
According to their function in the body, nutrients consist of 3 groups :

1. Energy-producing substances : as a source of energy, nutrients useful to move

the body in the process of metabolism in the body. The nutrients included in
this group are carbohydrates, fats and the protein.

2. Builder substance : This nutrient has a function as the forming of cells in the
tissues of the human body. If the lack of consuming this substance so, the
growth and human development will be hampered. In addition, this nutrient
also works to replace the body’s damaged cells and maintain organ function.
Nutrients included in this group are protein, minerals and water.

3. Regulatory substance : the process of metabolism in the body needs to be

arranged for balance. For that, it takes a number of nutrients to regulate the
ongoing metabolism in the body. Nutrition that work for regulate the process
of metabolism in the body is vitamins, minerals, and water.
Nutrition by Source
According to its sources, nutrients are divided into 2 kinds of animal and plant
nutrients.
1. Animal Nutrient: is a nutrient that comes from animals.
Examples: Meat, chicken, fish, eggs

Animal protein is useful to increase endurance because it contains

immunoglobulins

Animal protein is a better and complete source of amino acids. Because the
structure is almost the same as the amino acids present in the body

Animal protein contains lactose (sugar) which slows the production of

lactase enzymes that cause discomfort in the digestion, for example gastric
gas.
2. Plant Nutrient: is a nutrient that comes from various types of
plants
Examples : vegetables and fruits

Vegetable proteins come from plants such as peas, rice, flax,

sunflower and others

Nutritional content of plant nutrient from each plant has different

benefits, so it provides different functions when consumed.

Plant Nutrient is healthier than animal nutrient because plant

nutrient helps fight the acidity in our diet and can be used as a detox
beverage
The benefits of consuming animal and plant nutrients

1.Consuming low-fat animal nutrient can lower the risk of

cardiovascular disease

2.Consuming plant nutrient will often have lower cholesterol

levels, lower risk of diabetes mellitus and maintain weight.
What is
protein?
Definition protein Sources Protein

Proteins are organic Protein can help you shed those

compounds made up of unwanted pounds and keep your
belly full. Such as:
building blocks called “amino
Seafood
acids.” There are about 22 White-Meat Poultry
common amino acids. Ten of Eggs
them are considered “essential” Beans
because the body cannot make Soy
them, and therefore, they must
be supplied by eating healthy.
 Protein Function
Attention
1. The process of growth and
development Protein deficiency can cause
2. Replace damaged body kwashiorkor disease, edema or
cells swelling of the feet, body muscles
3. as a source of energy are not well developed.
when the carbohydrate  Excess if consuming excessive
protein will increase the burden of
reserves are reduced
liver and kidney function
Ranging from 15% -20%. a
balanced protein intake will
maintain health and body strength
FAT
• Weight gain
• Increased heart disease risk
• Disease risk reduction

• Weight maintenance
• Energy during exercise
• Vitamin absorption
 What is it?
Water like substance Essential for most
regulation in our body until plant and animal life
intake nutrition,oxygen
and the most widely
and important substance
can accepted by part of used of all solvents.
body who needed,
regenerating cell, etc.
 Chemical
substances

Transparent Odorless

WATER
Cover 71% of the
Earth’s surface Tasteless

Chemical Formula
is H2O
 Water has many distinct
properties that are critical
for the poliferation
 Water is vital both as a solvent in which many
of the body’s solutes dissolve and as an
essential part of many metabolism processes
within the body.

CATABOLISM
METABOLISM ANABOLISM

Without water,these particular metabolic

processes couldn’t exist
It is not clear how much water intake is needed by
healthy people, thought most specialists agree that
approximately 1.5-2 liters or 6-7 glasses of water
daily is the minimum to maintain proper hydration.

The precise amount depends on the

level of activity, temperature,
humidity and other factors
 Vitamins
Vitamins are essential nutrients which
the body needs for grow and perform
it's functions well. Vitamins are easily
damaged and deformed if exposed to
heat or acid. Cause by improper
heating, storage, abnormalities body
function.
 Different types of Vitamins and
their functions
Vitamins B
To healthy nerve function Vitamins C
Vitamins A
and also helps your body Important for preventing
To healthy vision and skin,
make new cells. Types of infections and promoting a
and it also support bone
Vitamins B healthy immune system.
and tooth growth.
(B1,B2,B3,B5,B6,B7,B9 and
B12).

Vitamins D
To the absorption of
calcium in the body which
is important for bone health
Vitamins E Vitamins K
Acts as an antioxidan to Important for blood
protect cells from damage clotting and promotes
and also help in the fight bone health.
against cancer.
Vitamins can be either fat-soluble or
water-soluble. Fat-soluble vitamins (A,D,E
and K) can be stored in the body and are
used when needed. Water soluble (B and
C) only stay in the body a short time.
A classification used primarily to
describe nutrient needs of human

Macronutrients

Micronutrients
 Macronutrients

Consumed in relatively large amounts

(grams or ounces), macronutrients are nutrients that our
bodies need in large amounts to create energy and fuel
the activities of every physiological system.
 Needed macros—specifically, For example, if
your focus is on building muscle, you need enough
protein to enable that muscle growth. If you train
intensely, you need enough carbs to fuel those hard
sessions. Macros work together, so the percentage of
protein, carbs, and fat is the focus of many diet plans. But
what is the right balance of macronutrients? It
depends. Factors such as body type, fitness goals, and
gender all play a role. Check out this guide for help in
determining the proper percentages for you—and be sure
the majority of macros you consume are healthy ones
Here is a list of a few common macronutrients:

• Carbohydrates
• Fats
• Proteins
• Water
 Micronutrients

Micronutrients are needed in smaller amounts (milligrams or micrograms);

Micronutrients are essential to our overall health and wellness. They aid in the
production of enzymes, hormones, and proteins that are critical to body and brain
function, and help with the regulation of metabolism, heartbeat, and bone density,
among other processes.
 If you’re not getting enough micros from your diet, however,
multivitamins can help supplement your daily meals. Some people
have trouble absorbing certain micros, despite their best efforts at
eating well (for example, people with gluten intolerance or irritable
bowel syndrome may not absorb all the nutrients from their natural
food sources). Supplementation can help shore up your
micronutrient levels; however, attention should be paid to the
volume, timing, and quality of supplement intake, so that the micros
are optimally absorbed.
Here is a list of a few common micronutrients:
• Iron
• Phosphorous
• Potassium
• Magnesium
• Calcium
• Folate
• Iodine
• Magnesium
• Vitamin A
• Vitamin D
 In many countries,
macronutrients and
micronutrients in significant
content are required by
regulations to be displayed on
food product labels. Nutrients
in larger quantities than the
body needs may have harmful
effects.
CARBOHYDRATES

 Carbohydratesare macronutrients, meaning they are one of the

three main ways the body obtains energy,or calories (paige
smathers)
 Carbohydratesare the body’s main source of energy. They are
called carbohydrates because, at the chemical level, they
contain carbon,hydrogen and oxygen (THE AMERICAN DIABETES
ASSOCIATION)
A carbohydrate is a biomolecule consisting of carbon,hydrogen
and oxygen atom, usually with a hydrogen-oxygen atom ratio of
2:1 (as in water) ; in other words, with the empirical formula
Cm(H2O)n
 CARBOHYDRATES FUNCTION

1. Providing energy and regulation of blood glucose

2. Sparing the use of proteins for energy
3. Breakdown of fatty acids and preventing ketosis
4. Biological recognition processes
5. Flavor and Sweeteners
6. Dietary fiber
7. The main energy providers
8. 8Regulator of fat metabolism
9. Protein saver
10. Glycogen storage
11. Brain and nervous energy suppliers
SOURCES CARBOHYDRATES

Carbohydrates are found in a wide array

of both healthy and unhealthy foods—bread,
beans, milk, popcorn, potatoes, cookies,
spaghetti, soft drinks, corn, and cherry
pie. They also come in a variety of forms.
The most common and abundant forms are
sugars, fibers, and starches.
NEGATIVE EFFECTS
OF OVEREATING
CARBOHYDRATES
1. Poor Blood Sugar Control
2. Weight Gain
3. Brain Fog
4. Type 2 diabetes
5. Buildup Of Dental Caries
6. Heart Disease
7. The Production Of Excessive Fat
8. Obesity
9. Cancer Risk
10. High Blood Pressure
11. A higher Triglyceride content
LOW CARBOHYDRATES
1. Hypoglycemia
2. Diseases of deficiency of calories and
protein (CTF/PEM)
3. MARASMUS
4. KWASKIORKOR
T H A N K S