Elektrokardiografi Dasar

Gelombang P : depolarisasi kedua atrium

Gelombang QRS : Depolarisasi kedua Ventrikel
Gelombang T : Repolarisasi Kedua Ventrikel
 Pola Membaca EKG
• Irama
• Rate QRS
• Aksis QRS
• Morfologi Gelombang P
• Interval PR
• Durasi QRS
• Morfologi QRS
• Deviasi Segmen ST
• Morfologi Gelombang T
• Morfologi Gelombang U
• Lain-lain (LVH,LV Strain,BBB,
QT interval) Nilai Normal :
• Kesimpulan EKG Interval PR 0,12’’ s/d 0,20’’
Durasi QRS 0,04’’ s/d 0,12’’
Aksis Normal - 300 s/d + 1100
Aksis QRS
Contoh Pembacaan EKG

Irama SR, QRS rate 70x/mnt, QRS Axis +450,

Gel P normal, Interval PR 0,18’’, Durasi
QRS 0,08’’, rSR di V1-V2, ST Depresi 1-
2mm di II,III,aVF, T inverted simetris di
II,III,aVF.

Kesan : RBBB inkomplet dengan ST depresi

dan T inverted pada sadapan inferior.
EKG Abnormal
• Penyakit Jantung Koroner
• Sindroma Koroner Akut
• Takiaritmia
• Bradiaritmia
• Gangguan Elektrolit
• Kelainan Struktur Jantung : Kelainan Katup,
Pembesaran Ruang Jantung, Efusi Perikard,
penyakit jantung bawaan.
Inferior myocardial infarction
Small inferior distal RCA occlusion

ECG changes in leads II, III, and aVF

Mid LAD occlusion
after the first septal
ECG : large anterior MI
perforator (arrow)
Occlusion of diagonal
branch ( arrow )

ST elevation in I and aVL

 Proximal large RCA occlusion

ST elevation in leads II, III, aVF, V5, and V6

with precordial ST depression
Small inferior distal RCA occlusion

ECG changes in leads II, III, and aVF

Early repolarization
Unstable angina
Subendocardial ischemia.
Anterolateral ST-segment depression
Acute anteroseptal myocardial infarction.
Hyperacute T-wave changes are noted
Acute anterolateral myocardial infarction
High lateral infarction
Lateral myocardial infarction
Inferior myocardial infarction
Inferior myocardial infarction.
Inferior Q waves with T-wave inversions
Acute inferoposterior myocardial infarction
Right bundle branch block
Left bundle branch block
Takiaritmia
• Sinus Tachycardia
• Accelerated Atrial Tachycardia/Paroxysmal Atrial
Tachycardia
• Atrial Flutter
• Atrial Fibrillation
• Reentrant Junctional Tachycardia (Nodal & Bypass)
• Multifocal Atrial Tachycardia
• Ventricular Tachycardia
 Infark Infark
Transmural Subendokard
 Physiologic Basis of Pacemaker Cells

Pacemaking &
Conduction System