AMERICANS WITH DISABILITIES ACT

MALAK ABOUKHODR
WHAT IS THE AMERICANS WITH DISABILITIES ACT?
• ADA is short for the Americans with
Disabilities Act, that became a law
in 1990.
• This law prohibits discrimination
against people with disabilities
wherever they are; whether its at
school, at work, or just out in public.
• The reason behind this law is to have
people with disabilities do what they
like without being told otherwise.
• ADA is divided into five titles:
• Title I: Employment
• Title II: State and Local
Government
• Title III: Public Accommodations
• Title IV: Telecommunications
• Title V: Miscellaneous Provisions
• ADA
 WHAT IS THE TITLE II OF THE AMERICANS WITH
DISABILITIES ACT ABOUT?

• Title II of the Americans with Disabilities Act protects people with disabilities
from discrimination in all services provided by state and local government
entities.
• All activities, services, and programs of public entities are covered.
• This includes town meetings, police and fire departments, driver’s license, and
activities of state legislatures and courts.
• However, the Federal government is not considered a public entity.
 EXAMPLES OF TYPES OF DISABILITIES COVERED BY
ADA AND TITLE II
• Cerebral Palsy. Ex: John Doe has cerebral palsy and is able to walk a mile in
an hour. Most people can walk a mile in 20-30 minutes.
• Hearing loss. Ex: Jane Doe has substantial hearing loss but is able to hear
when using hearing aids.
• Diabetes. Ex: John Doe has diabetes and diabetes substantially limits the
functioning of the endocrine system, which is a major life activity.
• Amputation. Ex: Jane Doe had her leg amputated and uses a prosthetic leg to
walk.
• Intellectual Disability.
• ADA Title II
ASSISTIVE TECHNOLOGY
• Assistive technology is anything from
a piece of equipment or software
program that helps people with
disabilities. This technology can either
maintain or improve their functional
capabilities.
• Assistive technology can help students
with reading and writing disabilities.
The technology supports help to level
the playing field for these students. This Photo by Unknown Author is licensed under CC BY-NC-ND

• A.T
 HOW CAPTIONING ADDS ACCESSIBILITY TO
YOUTUBE VIDEOS
• Captions on videos add so much accessibility for everyone, whether they need
assistive technology or not.
• Captioning ensures that the video will be accessible to anyone that has trouble
hearing or is deaf.
• It also ensures that the video will help a lot of students that deal with learning
disabilities.
 “ALT” TAG
• “Alt” tag is used on documents to specify
alternative text. For example, if a picture
was inserted into Microsoft Office
documents and a further explanation of
the picture was desired the “alt” tag
would have that.
• If an image on a web page cannot be
displayed the “alt” tag would have a
description of the picture.
• The “alt” tag adds accessibility to
students that have trouble with learning
by adding a description of the picture
which helps them out more.
 WHY BLINKING/FLASHING CONTENT SHOULD BE
AVOIDED FOR ACCESSIBILITY REASONS
• Blinking/flashing content should be avoided because it can trigger seizures in
susceptible people.
• Blinking/flashing content is also very distracting for users and can be irritating.
• If a student has a learning disability the blinking and flashing can be
annoying and throw the student off guard.
• B/F
 WHAT IS THE “READ&WRITE” CHROME WEB
BROWSER EXTENSION?
• The “Read&Write” Chrome web browser is an extension that provides
comprehensive reading and writing supports for Google Docs and the web.
• The “Read&Write” extension is like a tool box on top of the Chrome web
browser.

This Photo by Unknown Author is licensed under CC BY-NC-SA

HOW DOES THE “READ&WRITE” CHROME WEB BROWSER
EXTENSION HELP STUDENTS WITH DISABILITIES?

• The “read&write” extension has a dictionary option. If a student highlights the

word and selects the dictionary option the definition of that word comes up.
• There is also the option of a picture dictionary that gives a picture of the
definition for the word the student may be stuck on.
• Another way to get more information on a word is going to the fact finder
option and that option pulls up results about the word you want more
information about.
• There is also a read back feature. This feature allows the student to have
anything off the page to be read back to them.
 WHAT IS THE “CRXMOUSE” CHROME WEB
BROWSER EXTENSION?
• The “crxMouse” extension on the
Chrome web allows you to define
custom movements.
• With this extension customized
mouse gestures, keystrokes, and
actions are fully unlocked.
• Keyboard shortcuts are possible to
make with this extension and make
browsing faster, easier, and
convenient.
 HOW DOES THE “CRXMOUSE” CHROME WEB BROWSER
EXTENSION HELP STUDENT WITH DISABILITIES?

• The simplicity of “crxMouse” is great for a student with disabilities.

• There is an option in the “crxMouse” extension that allows the student to draw
whatever figure they like and whenever that figure is drawn the web page of
that specific URL that is set to that figure will open.
• Shortcuts that are able to be made with the “crxMouse” will help many
students in a creative and cool way.
WHAT IS THE “SIP-AND-
PUFF” TECHNOLOGY?

• “Sip-and-Puff” or SNP is used to

send signals to a device using air
pressure by “sipping” (inhaling)
and “puffing” (exhaling) on a
tube.
• The cursor will go whatever way
you want it by knowing when to
inhale or exhale.
This Photo by Unknown Author is licensed under CC BY-SA
 HOW DOES THE “SIP-AND-PUFF” TECHNOLOGY
HELP STUDENTS WITH DISABILITIES?
• The “Sip-and-Puff” technology helps students with disabilities by there being
a way to surf the web if you don’t have arms.
• Anyone that is unable to use their hands to use computers this method is very
convenient for them.
• The “Sip-and-Puff” technology gives a chance for people that want to learn
but are unable to due to their disabilities.
 WHAT IS THE “GHOTIT” TECHNOLOGY AND HOW DOES
IT HELP STUDENTS WITH LEARNING DISABILITIES?

• “Ghotit” technology has the best English spelling and grammar checkers.
• It great for people with dyslexia, dysgraphia, and other writing difficulties.
• This software will really make a different for students with learning disabilities
because it helps struggling writers and readers to improve their reading and
writing skills.
• The software is also convenient for foreigners and for anyone in general. The
affect it would have on students would be promising.