Future of Fossil Fuel – Challenges and

Opportunities for NTPC

 Click toinedit
Power Sector Scenario – Domination
IndiaMaster title style
of Coal
Installed Capacity as on 31.12.17

Sector wise
Sector MW %age Fuel Type wise
State Sector 80,677 24.4 Fuel MW % age
Central Sector 103,058 31.1 A. Total Thermal 218960 66.2
Private Sector 147,125 44.5 Coal 192972 58.3
Total 330,861 100 Gas 25150 7.6
Installed Capacity - Fuel Wise Oil 838 0.3
B. Hydro 44963 13.6
Nuclear Renewable
2% 18% C. Nuclear 6780 2.0
Hydro
13% D. Renewable sources 60158 18.2
Coal
Gas 59% Total 330861 100.00
8%

Oil
1% Presently, Coal Fired dominates 58.3 % of Total
Installed Capacity in the Country

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Source – Ministry of Power, GOI
2
FUTURE POWERClick to editOF
SCENARIO Master
INDIA title style

YEAR ENERGY PEAK DEMAND IN GW

REQUIREMENT IN
BILLION UNITS

2021-22 1511 555

2040-41 3678 1204

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 CONTRIBUTION Click
OF FUTURE
to POWER
edit FROM
Master DIFFERENT
title style FUEL
SOURCE (IN GW)

2022 2040
COAL POWER 266 441
GAS 34 46
NUCLEAR 12 23
HYDRO 61 71
SOLAR PV 59 237
SOLAR CSP 4 28
ONSHORE WIND 62 168
OFFSHORE WIND 2 19
DISTRIBUTED PV 36 102
OTHER RENEWABLES 18 43
TOTAL 555 1204

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 Click
NTPC to edit
Group: Master
Pan India title style
Presence
Share of Installed Capacity Share of Electricity Generated
(*as on March 31,2017)
(during FY17)
16%
24%
Koldam
W) 0MW)
Dadri (817M (80 Dadri SolarPV (5MW)
Faridabad (430MW +5MW Solar) Lata Tapovan (171MW)
Badarpur (705MW)
Tapovan Vishnugad (520MW) 84%
Jhajjar (1,500MW)
NCTPP (1,820MW) 76%
Unchahar (1,550MW) &(10 MW Solar)
Auraiya (652MW) Tanda (1760 MW) Kanti Rammam (120MW)
Bhadla (260 MW) (610MW) Bongaigaon (750MW)
Anta Nabinagar(1,000MW + 1980 MW)
ahalgaon
K (2,340MW) *Rest of India 276350 MW Rest of India 883.07 BUs
(413MW) *NTPC (Group) 50498 MW NTPC (Group) 276.77 BUs
Meja (1,320MW) Barh 3,300MW
Mandsaur (250 MW) Singrauli (2,023MW) Ri hand 3,000MW Farakka 2,100MW

Gandhar
Khargone
1320 MW Rajgarh
Vindhyachal (4,760MW)
Solar PV Lara 1
R ourkela NKP 1980MW
Durgapur
Installed Capacity: 51671 MW
50 MW Korba 600M W (120+250 MW)
(648MW) ,2,600M Daralipali 120+40MW)
(
Gadar wara (1600 MW) W) ( Bhi lai (1600MW) Ta lcher Kaniha
Rojmal M (2,320MW)
ouda
(50 MW) Kawas Sipat 2,980MW 574MW (3,000MW) + 10MW Solar
(645MW) Talcher Thermal
Fuel Mix No. of Plants Capacity (MW) % Share
Solapur Ramagundam (460MW) NTPC Owned
(1,320MW) (2,600MW) + (10MW solar)
Ratnagiri Coal 20 38,755 75.00%
(1,967MW) Telangana
(1600MW) Simhadri Gas/Liquid Fuel 7 4,017 7.77%
Kudgi
(2,000MW)
Fuel Mix
(2,400MW) r Solar
Anantpu
(250MW)
Hydro 1 800 1.55%
Solar/Wind 12 883 1.71%
A&N Solar PV (5MW)
Vallur Sub-total 40 44,455 86.03%
(1,500MW)
Kayamkulam Owned by JVs and Subsidiaries
(350MW)
Coal 8 5,249 10.16%
Gas 1 1,967 3.81%
Map not to scale. Includes capacity of under construction plants
Thermal Power Stations Ongoing Hydro Power Projects Gas Power Stations Sub-total 9 7,216 13.97%
Ongoing Thermal Projects Solar PV Hydro Power Stations Wind Power Project Total 49 51,671 100.00%

Weakness : Predominance of Thermal Based Power Generation Capacity

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5
 NTPC-Click to edit
Energy Master title
Generation style
Transition
Green Future.. …Moving towards building 30% of non-fossil fuel basket….Post Paris World

150
Present_2017 NTPC_2032
Nuclear Fuel Type (51 GW) (130 GW)
Hydro Solar/Other
100 Coal/Gas 49.98 91
RE Coal/Gas
Thermal Solar/Other RE 0.8 32
50
Hydro 0.8 5
0
2017 (51 GW) NTPC_2032(130 GW) Nuclear 0 2

Constant endeavour to reduce CO2 emissions- steps to increase cycle efficiency

Projects Identified for future

implementation-6817 MW

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 Click in
Future of Fossil Fuels to Power
edit Master title style
Generation

Advantages of Coal as Fuel

Abundant Coal Reserves [266 Billion Tonnes of Non Coking Coal is available in the
Country. Which

Reliable Power Source – Suitable for Base/Peak Load - 24x7 Availability.

Proven Indigenous Technology is available for Coal Based Power Plants.

Disadvantages of Coal as Fuel

Emission of Greenhouse Gas (GHG), destruction due to mining activity, generation
of fly and bottom ash.

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 Click in
Future of Fossil Fuels to Power
edit Master title–style
Generation Coal is here to Stay

Limitation of Other Fuel Options

Nuclear
Scarcity of Fuel Safety Concerns
Hydro
High Investment and High Gestation Not Reliable as Base Load [24x365]
Period
Solar
Capacity Constraints/ Land Requirement Not Reliable as Base Load [24 Hrs]

Wind
Capacity Constraints Not Reliable as Base Load [24x7]

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 Click to
LIMITATION OFedit Master title
RENEWABLE style
ENERGY
 Intermittent and variable
 Season and Weather dependent
 Location and time of day dependent
 Does not match the load demand curve
 Wind generation is unpredictable
 Solar generation is predictable but non controllable
Low CUF ( Solar Is Only 20-30%)
 Balancing by conventional energy sources (large part of which is thermal) is
required
 Greater the penetration of RE in Grid greater is the requirement of balancing
 Inspite of Current Impetus on RE by Indian Government Coal
Continues to be remain backbone of the Power Sector and Economy
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 Threat - India ratifies Paris climate treaty
Increasing the Non Fossil Based capacity
Reducing Carbon emission
to 40% by 2030
intensity by 33-35% from
2005 levels by 2030
Increasing Forest cover by 5 Mn Ha by 2030
Significant Shift from coal-
based power generation to
renewable energy sources Mobilizing Finance
100 GW from solar,
60 GW from wind,
10 GWfrom biomass
Technology Transfer and Capacity
5 GW from small hydropower Building
by 2022.
Cleaner Economic Development
Additional Carbon Sink
of 2.5-3 Bt of CO2
Adaptation
Anchoring International
Solar Alliance (ISA) Sustainable Lifestyles
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Leveraging
Strength
 The “5R” Way – Driving changes

Renewable:
● Solar
● Wind
● Mini Hydro
● Storage
● Grid Integration

Reduce: Reuse: Retrofit: Rebuild:

● Fuel ●
● Heat ● FGD Decommission
● Emissions ●
● Ash ● SCR Replace
● Water ●
● Water ● ZLD New Material
● Land ●
● Land ● ESP Pre Fab
● Cost ●
● Waste ● Automations Smart Infra
● Manpower
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 NTPC- Energy Generation Transition
Green Future.. …Moving towards building 30% of non-fossil fuel basket….Post Paris World

150
Present_2017 NTPC_2032
Nuclear Fuel Type (51 GW) (130 GW)
Hydro Solar/Other
100 Coal/Gas 50 91
RE Coal/Gas

50 Thermal Solar/Other RE 32
Hydro 0.8 5
0
2017 (51 GW) NTPC_2032(130 GW) Nuclear 0 2

Constant endeavor to reduce CO2 emissions- steps to increase cycle efficiency

Projects Identified for future

implementation-6817 MW

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 CHALLENGES _ Thermal Power Plants

 Meeting New Environmental Norms As Per Paris Agreement

 Getting Enviornment Clearance For New Thermal Power Plant
 Government Policy Not To Allow Clearance For New Thermal Capacity Installation After Fy - 2017
 Golbal Obligation Of Reduction Of Thermal Emission And Green House Gases
 Making Fossil Fuel Based Power Tariff More Attractive As Compared To Power From Renewables
 Problem In Land Acquition For New Power Plant
 Problem Of Water for Thermal Power Plants
 Sourcing and Transportation of Coal Specially High Quality Coal
 Inadequate Rail Network, Both Freight And Passenger Trains Share Same Tracks No Dedicated Freight
Corridor For Coal Rakes
 Integration Of Solar Power With Existing Grid
 Flexible operation of Conventional Power Plant
 Increased cost due to cycling resulting in higher tariff from conventional sources and Reduced Life of Plant
 Non Avalabilty Of Technology For Generation Of Clean Energy In India

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Step Towards Efficiency Improvement
(---- Reducing Emissions, Coal, Oil)

800 MW Adv-USC Plant having 310 ksc press / 710°C

Adv. USC Target efficiency 46% against 38% in sub-critical plants
resulting in 18% reduction in carbon emissions

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 Way forward to meet challenges
Every 1% increase in
Technologies Introduced efficiency leads to 2.5% 46%
CO2 reduction
 Adoption of Super Critical parameters for higher efficiency in 2004

 Adopted Ultra Super Critical tech in 1320 MW Khargone TPP and 40.8% 41.55%
1600 MW Telangana-I TPP
39.5%
Savings of 154kcal in SHR 38.6% 38.9%

 All USC units now ordered are with temperature upto 600oC/
 Adoption of high Reheat Parameters for smaller units
 765KV AC switchyard Vindhyachal II Simhadri II Sipat I Barh II
Khargone Advance USC
 State of art automation technologies for C&I and Electrical Systems
(Yr.1999) (Yr. 2011) (Yr. 2011) onwards
(Yr. 2013) (Yr. 2019) Pilot
(Yr. 2022)
 High conc slurry disposal system & Dry Ash extraction & disposal
system Target of 20% reduction in CO2 emissions by 2022
1 0.939
Technologies Under Development 0.9
20% reduction

 Development of IGCC suitable for Indian coal 0.8 0.751 2015

0.7 2022
 Development of Adv USC power plant along with IGCAR and
0.6
BHEL for inlet steam temperature in the range of 700°C Specific Emission tCO2 / Mwh

 Use of adv technologies in R&M of aging power stations

Constant endeavor to reduce CO2 emissions- steps to increase Cycle Efficiency

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16
 OPPORTUNITIES _ NTPC
To meet the base load operation for future demand, significant opportunities exist
in near future to develop thermal power plants
Major chunk of existing installed capacity of NTPC is coal based. Further all old
non efficient units are to be replaced with larger and Ultra Mega Thermal Units.
Increasing the component of solar portfolio on increasing basis to meet the furure
power demand.
Use of vehicle battery recharge business on pan india basis to using the peak
power of solar plant during day time.
During night time fossil fuel based power will be required.
Bundle solar power and other re power with conventional power to reduce the
tariff
O&M and R&M consultancy work for SEBs and Private Power Plants

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Expected All IndiaClick
Duckto editwith
curve Master
20GWtitle
Solarstyle
Power in Grid

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 Click to edit Master title style
Start-up of Steam turbines (BHEL make)

Start type Outage hours Mean HP Rotor Start-up time

temperature (deg (Rolling to full load
C) in min. approx)

Cold Start 190 hr 150 deg C 255

WarmStart 48 hr 380 deg C 155
Hot Start 8 hr 500 deg C 55

Normal Mode : 2000-2200 starts

Slow Mode Fast : 8000 starts
Mode : 800 starts

20 16th Dec 2016

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