Professional Documents
Culture Documents
Hongjun Xu
August 1, 2007
Lecture 1
Introduction and Digital Image
Fundamentals
• What is an Image?
Picture, photograph
Visual data
Usually two or three dimensional
Image processing:
Step 2: Compression
Step 3: Image enhancement and restoration
Step 4: Image segmentation
Image analysis:
Step 4: Image segmentation
Step 5: Feature selection
Step 6: Image representation
Image understanding:
Step 6: Image representation
Step 7: Image interpretation
Image processing and analysis transformations
Using light
Magnetic (MRI)
This involves:
Sampling:
Digitizing the coordinate values (resolution)
Depends on density of sensor in an array
Limited by optical resolution
Quantization (bits/pixel)
Digitizing the amplitude values
• 1 bit /pixel
–2 possible values
–2 gray levels -> 0 or 1 (binary image)
• B bits/pixel
–2B gray levels
–1 byte = 8 bits –> 256 levels
Coordinate Convention
Digital Image Representation
f (0,0) f (0,1) ... f (0, M 1)
f (1,0) ... ... f (1, M 1)
f ( x, y )
... ... ... ...
f ( N 1,0) f ( N 1,1) ... f ( N 1, M 1)
>>x=double(x);
MATLAB code
Intensity Images
RGB images
Indexed Images