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Matt Velkey
jvelkey@umich.edu
454A Davison
Reading: Langman’s Medical Embryology, 11th ed. Ch 12 pp. 165-200
The cardiovascular system is
mesodermally derived
Specifically, lateral
splanchnic mesoderm…
blood islands
(developing blood vessels)
pericardial cavity
Establishment of
the heart fields
BMP2 & 4 in mesoderm
BMP2,4+/Wnt- expression
pattern specifies cardiac
tissue (evidenced by
expression of NKX-2.5,
aka tinman)
Langman’s fig 12-9
Repositioning the cardiogenic field
(mammals)
“conotruncus”
(outflow tract)
future
ventricles
future
atria
21 days 22 days
Langman’s fig 12-7
septum transversum
(liver & diaphragm primordium)
Retinoic acid (RA) and other
factors determine the cranio-
caudal axis of heart primordia
truncus arteriosus
bulbus cordis
ventricle
atrium
sinus venosus
QuickTime version
33
40
QuickTime version
from Larsen’s figs 12-24, 12-25, 12-26
5th wk 7th wk
L
Pulmonary R
Aorta
valve
A
tubercles
Pulmonary
artery
Truncoconal Larsen’s fig 12-34
septum
Tricuspid
valve
4th arch
6th arch
1st arch 2
2nd arch 3
• Five aortic arches are forming 4
3rd arch
during the 4 and 5 weeks.
th th
6 months postnatal
6 weeks
3rd arch:
• common carotid a.
• part of internal carotid a.
• internal and external
carotid aa. sprout from 3rd arch
Moore & Persaud fig 13-39
R and L common
carotid arteries
and right limb*
R subclavian a.
*The R subclavian is
L subclavian a.
shown here as a separate
branch from the arch of
the aorta; the middle
vessel is the R common
cartotid; the remaining
vessel coming from the
arch of the aorta is the L
Carlson fig 17-44 common carotid.
Coarctation of aorta
• Collateral circulations
can compensate for
postductal coarctation
– But, not perfect, so blood
pressure in upper limbs is
higher compared to lower
limbs
• Preductal coarctation is
MUCH less common (5% of
coarctations)
hepatic
L vitelline V sinusoids
duodenum
umbilical V
hepatic portion of
inferior vena cava
hepatic V
4 weeks duodenum 5 weeks (R vitelline V) hepatic V
yolk sac
Langman’s fig 12-42 R hepatocardiac
channel
ductus
venosus
• R hepatocardiac channel
hepatic portion of IVC
portal V
• R umbilical V regresses
• proximal L umbilical V regresses superior
mesenteric V
6 weeks
• distal L umbilical V persists 8 weeks
and then round ligament of the liver (ligamentum teres hepatis) splenic V
• ductus venosus ligamentum venosum Langman’s fig 12-43
Systemic venous development
anterior cardinal veins posterior cardinal veins
5.5 weeks
5 weeks 6 weeks Moore & Persaud
Systemic venous development: shift to the right
L. brachiocephalic anastomosis
7 weeks Adult
Moore & Persaud