PHILIPPINE GOVERNMENT

AND CONSTITUTION
 Political Science

“Polis” -- City

“Scire” -- To Know
Why should the university or college
student study political Science?
 (1) Education for citizenship.

 (2) Essential parts of liberal education

 (3)Knowledge and understanding of'

government.
 STATE VS. GOVERNMENT

“State cannot exist without a

government, but it is possible to have
a government without a state.”
Elements of the State
1) PEOPLE

2) TERRITORY

3) GOVERNMENT

4) SOVERIEGNTY
PEOPLE
neither too small…
PEOPLE
nor to large
Vatican City
China
 TERRITORY

Vatican City Russia

0.43 sq. km. 17,075,400 sq. km.
 GOVERNMENT

“the will of the state is formulated,

expressed, and carried out”
 SOVEREIGNTY

Internal --power to rule within its

territory

External --Independence
 FORMS OF GOVERNMENT
1) Number of people exercising political
power
2) Legitimacy
3) Relationship between three branches of
Government
4) Extent of Power of National
Government
1)Number of people exercising political power

a) MONARCHY
1)Number of people exercising political power

b) OLIGARCHY
1)Number of people exercising political power

c) DEMOCRACY
 2) Legitimacy

TAIWAN CHINA
3) Relationship between three branches of
Government
4) Extent of Power of National Government
 CONSTITUTION
“fundamental law, that establishes
the character of a government by
defining the basic principles to which
a society must conform and by
prescribing the extent and manner of
the exercise of its sovereign powers.”
 “creating the frame upon which the
government and laws of a society are built”
-- Aristotle
 PREAMBLE
We, the sovereign Filipino people, imploring
the aid of Almighty God, in order to build a
just and humane society, and establish a
Government that shall embody our ideals and
aspirations, promote the common good,
conserve and develop our patrimony, and
secure to ourselves and our posterity, the
blessings of independence and democracy
under the rule of law and a regime of truth,
justice, freedom, love, equality, and peace, do
ordain and promulgate this Constitution.
ARTICLE I. NATIONAL TERRITORY
Archipelagic Principle of Territory

an exception to the 12-mile rule which

provides that the territorial sea of a state
extends to 12 nautical miles from the low-
watermark.
"all the territories over which the Philippines has
sovereignty or jurisdiction"

belonging to the Philippines by historic right or legal title

The first territory that the Philippines won under the UN
Convention on the Law of the Sea
ARTICLE II. DECLARATION OF
PRINCIPLES AND STATE POLICIES
SECTION 1. The Philippines is a
democratic and republican State .
Sovereignty resides in the people and
all government authority emanates
from them.

Article VI. SEC. 31. No law granting a

title of royalty or nobility shall be
enacted.
Church vs. State
 Sec. 6. The inviolability of the
separation of church and state.

"render unto Ceasar the things that are

Ceasar's and unto God the things that are
God's."
SEC. 8. The Philippines, consistent with the
national interest, adopts and pursue s a
policy of freedom from nuclear weapons in
its territory.
SEC.16. The State shall protect and advance
the right of the people to a balanced and
healthful ecology in accord with the rhythm
and harmony of nature.
THANK YOU!