 Newest and best type of transmission

medium.
 Electromagnetic waves guided through a
medium composed of transparent
material.
 Optical fibers help the electromagnetic
to propagate in a similar way as radio
signals.
 Light is used as the carrier of information.
 Optical fiber communication uses glass or
plastic fiber cables to contain the light
waves.
 Information carrying capacity directly
proportional to the bandwidth.
 Due to infinite bandwidth , large no of
information is carried .
 Wide bandwidth
 Noise immunity
 Environmental immunity
 Safety
 Low transmission loss
 Security
 Durability
 Flexibility
 Economics
 Interfacing costs
 Strength
 Remote electrical power
 Loss introduced by bending the cable
 Need for specialized tools, equipment and
training.
 Telecommunications
 LocalArea Networks
 Cable TV
 CCTV
 Optical Fiber Sensors
Input Coder or Light Source-to-Fiber
Signal Converter Source Interface

Fiber-optic Cable

Light Output
Fiber-to-light Amplifier/Shaper
Interface Detector Decoder

Receiver
The light source can either be an LED or an
ILD

LED ILD
 There are two kinds of Detectors
1. PIN (Positive Intrinsic Negative)
2. APD (Avalanche photo diodes)