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Andhra Pradesh
Name : S. Nageswar Reddy
Designation : Lecturer
Branch : Civil Engineering
Institute : GPW, Hindupur
Year/Semester : III Semester
Subject : Hydraulics
Subject Code : C304
Topic : Flow over Notches and Weirs
Duration : 50 min.
Sub-topic : Broad Crested Weir
Teaching aids : PPT, Animation, Photographs
Revised By : V. Srinivasa Rao, Lecturer, DAGPT,
Ongole9C304.40 1
Objectives
On completion of this session, you would be able to
know
9C304.40 2
Recap
In the previous session, you have learnt about
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Bazins formula for discharge over a rectangular
weir
3
Q mL 2 g H 2
m = 0.405 + 0.003/H
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• Considering velocity of approach
3
Q m1 L 2 g H 1 2
m1 = 0.405 + 0.003/H1
H1 = H + Va2/2g
Va = velocity of approach
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Problems
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Solution
Given data:
m = 0.405 + 0.003/H
= 0.405+0.003/0.15
= 0.425
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3
Q mL 2 g H 2
= 0.1203 m3/sec
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2. A weir 2.5 m long has 60cm head of water over the
crest of the weir .Using Francis formula find the
discharge over the weir. If the channel approaching the
weir is 6m wide and 1.2 m deep . Also determine the new
discharge considering the velocity of approach.
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Solution
Length of the weir L = 2.5m
Width of channel = 6m
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Without considering velocity of approach:
Francis formula,
Q = 1.84 (L-0.1nH)H3/2
= 2.04 m3/sec
Velocity = Q/A
= 2.04/7.2
= 0.2833m/sec
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Head due to velocity of approach
Ha = Va2 /2g
= (0.2833) 2/(2 x 9.81)
= 0 .004m
Total head H1 = H + ha
=0.6+0.004=0.604m
Q = 1.84 (L-0.1nH)(H13/2-Ha3/2)
= 1.84(2.5-0.1 x 2 x 0.604) (0.6043/2 – 0.0043/2.)
= 2.062 m3/sec
= 2062 lit/sec
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12
Fig: 1
Broad Crested Weir
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Fig. 2 Submerged Weir
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L = length of the crest
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Discharge over a Broad crested weir
Consider a broad crested weir as shown in fig .1
Let
Cd = coefficient of discharge
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Applying Bernoulli’s equation at A & B
0+H = V2/2g+h
V2/2g = H-h
V 2g (H h)
Q = Cd x L x h x V
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Q = Cd x L x h x 2 g ( H h)
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• Differentiating the equation 1 w.r.t. h and dQ/dh to zero
dQ
dh
Cd .L. 2 g H h
h
2 H h
= 0
h
H-h = =0
2 2H-h
3
H = h
2
h
H - h=
2
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h = (2/3)H
3
2 2
Qmax = Cd.L. 2gH
3 3 3
0.384Cd .L 2 g H `2
3
2
Qmax = 1.71Cd.L.H
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If velocity of approach is considered
ha = Va2/2g
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Problems
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Solution
Given data
L = 10m
Qmax = 10 m3/sce
Cd = 0.62
H = 0.96m.
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2. A broad crested weir 20m long Find the maximum
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Solution
Given data
L = 20m
H = 1.2m
Qmax = ? m3/sec
Cd = 0.62
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Summary
3 3
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Quiz
a) 0.325
b) 0.435
c) 0.345
d) 0.425
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Quiz
2. What is the value of Bazin’s constant ‘m’ in terms of Cd
a) 2/3
b) 3/4
c) 3/2
d) 4/3
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Quiz
3. To get max discharge over broad crested weir the
a) H = 2/3h
b) H = 2h
c) H = 3/2h
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Quiz
4. A weir is called broad crested weir, if
a) B > H/2
b) B < H/2
c) B = H/2
d) None
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Frequently Asked Questions
1. Find the discharge using Bazins formula for a
of approach is 1 m/s
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Frequently Asked Questions
weir?
Cd=0.95
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