Mine Tailings as Partial

Substitute to Fine Aggregate in

Masonry Grout
The main purpose of this study is to conduct a research on the
counterproductive left-over materials of mining industries and utilize
this material for masonry grout.
Masonry Grout
• Grout is a high slump concrete used to fill in voids and seal joints in
the masonry system to bind together the masonry units, mortar, and
existing reinforcement into a single composite system.
• Composition : Portland cement + fine aggregate + possibly coarse
aggregate
Common Applications of Grout
Mine Tailings
• Waste left-over materials after the process of separating the valuable
minerals of interest such as lead, zinc, copper, silver, gold, and others
from the rocks that contained them.
Mine Tailings Storage and Disposal
Why Mine Tailings?
• Mine tailings was used in this study since fine aggregates generally
consist of natural sand or crushed stone with most particles smaller
than 5 mm (0.2 in.) and usually passes through a 9.5mm sieve,
similarly, some mine tailings share the same grain size to that of fine
aggregates.
• The retrieval of mine tailings will help in fighting environmental issues
as well as preserving our natural resources.
Objectives of the Study
• To determine what percentage by mass would give the maximum
compressive strength based on 10% increments.
• To determine if mine tailings from Tuding Mines would achieve the
allowable minimum compressive strength of 2000psi (13.79MPa)
(ASTM C476).
• To determine what percentage by mass would yield the slump height
that complies with the standards of ASTM.
Research Paradigm
Problems of the Study
The study aims to answer the following:
• Which percentage of mine tailings from its desired increment
produced the maximum compressive strength?
• Will the used mine tailings attain the minimum allowable compressive
strength of 13.79 MPa (2000psi) (ASTM C476)?
• Which percentage of mine tailings produce the slump height that
complies with the standards of ASTM?
Research Design and Methodology
• Experimental
- Compressive strength test
- Slump test

• Slump testing and mixing proportions for grout (ASTM Standards and
Specifications)
Population and Locale of the Study
• Test Samples = 25 rectangular prisms
• Square cross-section = 3” minimum
• Height = twice its width
• Curing = 28 days
• 5 prism tests - composed of 5 prism specimens
• Specimen Testing - BIP Steadfast Ground Inc.
Data Gathering Tools
• Portland cement • Shovel
• Mine tailings • Tamping rod
• Sand • Triple beam balance
• Water • Slump cone
• Standard test sieve • Universal Testing Machine (UTM)
• Mixing pan • Molds
Data Gathering Procedure
• Oven-dried after which is sieved; collecting all samples passing 3/8-
inch sieve and retained on sieve no. 100.
• Mixing proportions for an ordinary grout will be replaced by mine
tailings: 0% mine tailings, 10% mine tailings, 20% mine tailings, 30%
mine tailings, 40% mine tailings.
• Test will be conducted using ASTM C143/C143M-10a (Slump Test) to
determine the amount of water needed for the sample having 0%
mine tailings.
• The same amount of water will be utilized for the other proportions.
Data Gathering Procedure
• The grout mix will be placed inside the slump cone in three layers.
Each layer shall be tamped 25 times using the tamping rod.
• Measure the amount of slump from the bottom of the straight edge
to the top of the slumped concrete at a point over the original center
of the base.
Data Gathering Procedure
• Grout mix samples will be poured in a mold of masonry units
assembled in a form of a pinwheel
• The researchers will leave 25
specimens to cure for 28 days
• Curing of the specimens shall be
in accordance with ASTM C1019 -11
Data Gathering Procedure
• Testing to be conducted shall be in accordance with ASTM C 1314-11
(Standard Test Method for Compressive Strength of Masonry Prisms).
• The specimens will be subjected to compressive test under the
Universal Testing Machine(UTM).
Treatment of Data
• Results of the tests shall be presented in table form and graphical
form
• Procured data will be analyzed using One-Way ANOVA