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SLE merupakan gangguan di mana interaksi antara faktor host (kerentanan gen,
lingkungan hormonal, dll) dan faktor lingkungan (ultraviolet (UV) radiasi, virus,
obat) mengarah pada hilangnya toleransi-tubuh, dan menginduksi autoimunitas
Genetik Lingkungan Obat-obatan Virus
kompleks imun
kerusakan jaringan
FAKTOR GENETIK
polimorfisme dari gen HLA (human leucoyte antigen ) kelas II dan III
mengkode komponen
anti –DNA
komplemen C2 dan C4
Menstimulasi sel T, sel NK, makrofag, neutrofil, sel hemopoietik CD34+ dan sel
dendrite presentasi antigen
Respon Berlebih
ANTIBODI
Antibodi antinukleus
Target Organ
Anti double stranded DNA
Reseptor N-methyl-D-
Reseptor Ro/SSA aspartate (NMDA) Trombosit
Kontrasepsi (Paparan
Epstein-Bar (EBV) UV estrogen berlebih )
Menginduksi respon
spesifik Autoantibodi Imunologik
• Pre-eclampsia
• Persalinan premature
• keguguran,
• kelahiran mati
Systemic Lupus Erythematosus (SLE)
• autoimmune disease in which organs and cells undergo damage
mediated by tissue-binding autoantibodies and immune complexes
• 90% are women in childbearing years
• all ethnic groups are susceptible
Pathogenesis
• Interactions between susceptibility genes and environmental factors
result in abnormal immune responses
• (1) activation of innate immunity
• (2) lowered activation thresholds of adaptive immunity cells
• (3) ineffective regulatory and inhibitory CD4+ and CD8+ T cells
• (4) reduced clearance of apoptotic cells and of immune complexes
• result in abnormal immune responses
• generate pathogenic autoantibodies and immune complexes
that deposit in tissue, activate complement
• cause inflammation
• lead to irreversible organ damage
Pathogenesis
• The result of these abnormalities is sustained production of
pathogenic autoantibodies :
• ANA (antinuclear antibodies)
• Anti-dsDNA
• Anti-Sm
• Anti-RNP
• Anti-Ro
• Anti-La
• Antihistone
Pathogenesis
• SLE is a multigenic disease
• In most genetically susceptible individuals, normal alleles of multiple
normal genes each contribute a small amount to abnormal immune
responses
• if enough variations accumulate, disease results
Pathogenesis
• Female sex is permissive for SLE
• make higher antibody responses than males
• Women exposed to estrogen-containing oral contraceptives or
hormone replacement have an increased risk of developing SLE
• environmental stimuli may influence SLE :
• Exposure to ultraviolet light
• some infections
• result in abnormal immune responses
• generate pathogenic autoantibodies and immune complexes
that deposit in tissue, activate complement
• cause inflammation
• lead to irreversible organ damage
SLE: Current Treatment
Severe / Serious Flare Chronic Activity Remission
High
Level of Disease
Activity
Controlled
Low
Targets for Emerging Therapies
Immune
Dysfunction
Defective
Regulatory
Circuits
• Genetic
susceptibility
• Gender
• Environmental
factors
o UV light
o Infection
Defective
Immune
Complex
Clearance