MULTISTAGE CENTRIFUGAL

PUMP
NIRANJAN S 1BM15ME104
NISHITH SHETTY 1BM15ME105
General Components of Centrifugal Pumps
• An impeller
• A volute or diffuser style casing
• A shaft
• Shaft sleeves
• Bearings
• A sealing arrangement
IMPELLER
• The impeller is the main rotating part that provides the centrifugal
acceleration to the fluid.

Open Impeller Closed Impeller

 CASINGS
Volute Casing Diffuser Casing

• It is of spiral type in which area of • The Impeller is surrounded by a series

flow gradually increases from throat of guide blades mounted on a ring
towards delivery pipe. known as Diffusers.
Vortex Casing

• It is a casing in which circular chamber is provided between the casing

and impeller.It reduces the eddies formation to a considerable extent.
 Types of Multistage Pumps.
• Pumps in series • Pumps in parallel
 WORKING PRINCIPLE
• Centrifugal Pump is a hydraulic machine which converts mechanical energy into
hydraulic energy(pressure energy) by the action of centrifugal force acting on the fluid.

• The flow of liquid takes place in radial outward direction.

• It works on the principle of forced vortex flow . The forced vortex flow means when a
certain mass of fluid or liquid is allowed to rotate by an external torque , then there is a
rise in pressure head of the rotating liquid taking place .

• It is the centrifugal force acting on the fluid that makes it to flow within the casing.
WORK DONE
 PRIMING

Priming is the process of removing the air present in the suction pipe and impeller.The pump casing
must be filled with liquid before the pump is started, or the pump will not be able to function. If the
pump casing becomes filled with vapors or gases, the pump impeller becomes gas-bound and
incapable of pumping. To ensure that a centrifugal pump remains primed and does not become gas-
bound, most centrifugal pumps are located below the level of the source from which the pump is to
take its suction. The same effect can be gained by supplying liquid to the pump suction under pressure
supplied by another pump placed in the suction line.
PROBLEMS OF CENTRIFUGAL PUMP
• Cavitation
• Wear of impeller
• Lack of priming
• Corrosion inside the pump
• Surge
• Leakage along rotating shaft
(Cavitation damage)
Sl Volts(v) Speed H.D H.S I V notch Actual Input Output Efficiency
no (R.P.M) Deliver head Suction head (amps) discharge power Power Ƞ (%)
Q*10^-3 (kw) (kw)
1 220 1400 0.5 8.2 7.5 12.1 7.216 1.4025 0.549 39
2 220 1400 1.0 7.5 7.2 11.9 6.922 1.346 0.8549 63.49
3 220 1400 1.5 7 7 11.5 6.354 1.309 1.085 82.8
4 220 1400 2.0 6.8 6.8 10.7 5.306 1.215 1.1767 96.8