Lightning 4

3.1 Electrical and

Electronic Systems
within Structures
 3.2 Interference on
Electrical and
Electronic Systems by
LEMP
 LEMP or EMC situation
at a lightning strike
Lightning Source of Interference Radiated Lightning Interference
Lightning Current According to IEC 61312-1
Lightning Magnetic Field According to IEC 61312-2 H
LPZ 0 LPZ 0

Radiated Interference
LPZ 1
H LPZ 1
Radiated Interference
SPD (LPZ 0B /LPZ 1)
LPZ 2
(IEC 61312-3) H LPZ 2 SPD (LPZ 1/
Induced Lightning SPD (LPZ 1/
(LPZ 2) LPZ 2) SPD (LPZ 0A /LPZ 1)
Interference Equipment Shield (housing)
(IEC 61312-3) (IEC 61312-3) IEC 61312-3
Potentially Susceptible Integrated
Equipment SPD
Line from LPZ 0B Conducted Con- Interference Immunity According to Con- Conducted Partial Lightning Current
Interference ducted IEC 61000-4-5 (conducted interference) ducted Interference Line from LPZ 0
A
Inter- IEC 61000-4-9 (radiated interference) Inter-
ference IEC 61000-4-10 (radiated interference)ference

Room Shield (IEC 61312-2)

Buildings Shield (IEC 61312-2)

2267
 parameters
according to protection levels
First short stroke Protection level
Current parameters Symbol Einheit I II III IV
Peak current I kA 200 150 100
Short stroke charge Qshort C 100 75 50
Specific energy W/R kJ/ 10.000 5.625 2.500
Time parameters T1/T2 µs/µs 10/350
Subsequent short stroke Protection level
Current parameters Symbol Unit I II III IV
Peak current I kA 50 37,5 25
Average steepness di/dt kA/µs 200 150 100
Time parameters T1/T2 µs/µs 0,25/100
Long stroke Protection level
Current parameters Symbol Unit I II III IV
Long stroke charge Qlong C 200 150 100
Time parameter Tlong s 0,5
Flash Protection level
Current parameters Symbol Unit I II III IV
Flash charge Qflash C 300 225 150
Source: IEC 62305-1
The susceptible elements are electric and
electronic systems in or at a structure, which have
only a limited withstand capability against impulse
currents and magnetic fields.
 EMC-Situation at a
lightning strike
Primary Source of
Lightning Current i0
LPZ 0 and Magnetic Field } Interference
H0
Building Shield LPZ 1
H0
H1
Room Shield LPZ 2
H2

Device Shield LPZ 3

Information Technology Device Internes SPD SPD SPD
(Potentially Susceptible Equipment)
Immunity defined in :
u2 • i2 u1 • i1Partial Lightning
IEC 61000-4-5 (conducted interferences) Current
(radiated
IEC 61000-4-9
}
and 61000-4-10 interferences)

i0 and H0 impulse 10/350 µs and impulse 0,25/100 µs

IEC 61000-4-5: u: impulse 1,2/50 µs, i: impulse 8/20 µs
IEC 61000-4-9: H: impulse 8/20 µs (damped oscillation 25 kHz), TP = 10 µs
IEC 61000-4-10: H: damped oscillation 1 MHz (impulse 0,2/0,4 µs), TP = 0,25 µs
 electronic systems
according to IEC
61000-4
Conducted Impulse Currents Immunity Against Magnetic Field
IEC 61000-4-10 IEC 61000-4-9
IEC 61000-4-10
Test Level
Immunity Surge Voltage Surge Current Severity Test Level 1 MHz
Level 1,2/50 µs 8/20 µs of Test 8/20 µs (subsequent
(kV) (kA) (first partial lightning) stroke)
(A/m) (A/m)

4 4 2 5 1000 100
3 2 1 4 300 30
2 1 0,5 3 100 10
1 0,5 0,25
 equipotential bonding
for incoming services

External Lightning Protection

Lightning Protection Equipotential Bonding
Power EBB
Supply
Company

PSC

Water

Gas Z
Cathodically Protected Tank Pipe
Foundation Earth Electrode
 Conductors Between
Buildings

I LPZ 0 LPZ 0
LPZ 1 I2 LPZ 1

SPD
100%
External Lightning Protection SPD
EBB EBB

I1 I2

LPZ = Lightning Protection Zone EBB = Equipotential Bonding Bar

SPD = Surge Protective Device I1, I2 = Distribution of Lightning Current
(Class I - Test, Lightning Current Arrester)
 Shielded Conductors
Between Buildings

External Lightning Protection

I LPZ 0 LPZ 0
I2
LPZ 1 LPZ 1
LPZ 1
LPZ 2 SPD Lightning current conductive LPZ 2
100%
cable shield, shielded cable
SPD
duct, ...
EBB In the cable /cable duct LPZ 1 EBB

I1 I2

LPZ = Lightning Protection Zone EBB = Equipotential Bonding Bar

SPD = Surge Protective Device I1, I2 = Distribution of Lightning Current
(Class II - Test, Surge Arrester)
 wire pair screening and wires
in pairing

PVC-Outer Jacket Plastic Tape PE-Insulation Cu-Conductor

(fine wired)

Cu-Braiding Screened Pair

(Screen) (PiMF) with Sheath Wire
 lightning strike (LEMP)
1. Field of the lightning channel

2294.ppt / 20.09.1999 / KK
i0
H0 =
2. Field of the lightning channel
H0 i in LPZ 1
H0 =
2 p Sa / KK (Near-by strike beside
2294.ppt / 20.09.1999i shielded building)

i
H0 =
sa 2 p Sa

H0
x H1 =
10SF/20

sa
2294_b
 Lightning Protection Zones (LPZ)
LPS Type (T)

r = 45 m (T III)

LPZ 0A r = 20 m (T I) LPZ 0A

LPZ 0B T LPZ 0B
T I (T I) III (T III) T III

LPZ 0A LPZ 0B LPZ

0A
LPZ: Lightning Protection Zone
T: Lightning Protection System Type
730e_d
 Lightning protection zones in case of a
”partly isolated" lightning protection system

Principle Example

LPZ 0A Air Terminations Air Terminations LPZ 0A

(Wires)

LPZ 0B LPZ 0B

Down
Building Conductor Building
LPZ 0B Shield System LPZ 0B

LPZ 1
LPZ 1

Earthing System Earthing System

1036e
 Example of a “partly isolated”
lightning protection system

S2377
 Example of a “partly isolated”
lightning protection system

Source: Victoria-Blitzschutz GmbH, Lünen

 Lightning protection zones in case of a ”building-
integrated" lightning protection system

Principle Example

LPZ 0A LPZ 0A
Air Terminations

Building Building
Shield
Down
Conductor LPZ 1 LPZ 0B
LPZ 1
System
LPZ 0B
Earthing System
Earthing System

1037e