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‡ Pregnancy
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‡ Birth
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‡ Newborn Care
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‡ Postpartum
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It is believed that if the mother has a nice
‡ Functional complexion, she would have a boy, and if not,
she would have a girl.
It is considered shameful if the pregnant
‡ Nonfunctional woman is unwed.
If a miscarriage occurs it is believed that future
Pregnant women werepregnancies
discouragedwill also
from endwith
sitting in miscarriages.
their
legs crossed, believing that it could lead to suffocation of
the baby.
Pregnant women are not to believed
It is take big steps
that if when theywomen
pregnant walk look
because it shows a signatoffire,
laziness.
their baby will be born with a
birthmark.
Pregnant women are discouraged from
attending funerals because it is believed
that the spirit of the dead will come to take
the baby¶s spirit. If they must attend, they
are required to wear black and only black.
Pregnant women should clean their toilet
daily for a healthy and good looking baby.
 
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‡ Pregnant women are discouraged from attending
funerals because it is believed that the spirit of the dead
will come to take the baby¶s spirit. If they must attend,
they are required to wear black and only black.
‡ Pregnant women should clean their toilet daily for a
healthy and good looking baby.
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The expectant mother is encouraged by the family to seek early

prenatal care During the first three months they are encouraged to stay
fairly still. After three months they are to stay constantly active
(cleaning the house and yard) to ensure an easier birth.
Pregnant women are discouraged from gaining too little or too much
ëince World War II, most Japanese women visit regular OB doctors
weight.
for prenatal care. In general, the care provided in Japan is similar to
the care provided in the United ëtates.
If a midwife was chosen for a home birth during this period, prenatal
care included home visits by the midwife in addition to OB doctor
visits. The midwife initially visited the women once a month during
early pregnancy, then increased the frequency of visits as pregnancy
progressed, especially if the pregnant women was experiencing any
complications. In the old days, the midwife was usually a lay person
,who worked in conjunction with the OB doctor.
Thought and music were believed to affect the baby. Therefore,
positive thinking, images, and music were encouraged during
pregnancy for a healthy baby.
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‡Women should eat lots of soybeans, fish (especially

sardines), mochi (to increase lactation), rice, ume, and lots
of vegetables.

‡Not allowed seafood with claws such as crabs or lobsters,

no spicy or salty food, and eating of raw fish is forbidden.

‡They are discouraged from eating squid or persimmons

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‡ It is considered inappropriate to yell out during labor as this brings shame to

their family. Grunting is encouraged rather than screaming and yelling.

‡ Vaginal deliveries are preferred without pain medication or an episiotomy

(surgical incision made to prevent tearing of the vagina).
± A normal vaginal delivery would require a week stay in the hospital,
whereas a c-section would require a two week stay.
± In Japan, there are commonly 3 to 6 patients in each post-partum
room. During the day the newborns are kept with their mothers, but at
night they are kept in a separate nursery, so the mothers can rest.



Traditionally, Japanese men were not involved in
the prenatal care.
One month before birth, a woman would leave her
husband return to her parents home and give birth. It
is not custom for men/significant others to be present
during labor and birth. Female family members,
nurses, midwifes were main support. The only
exception were male doctors.
Her family would care for her for one month then
Now it she'd return to her
is common husbandfor
practice withthe
child.
pregnant woman to
have their significant other present throughout.
   
‡ Nurses and the Pregnant Patient
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‡ Cultural Assessment requires a
comprehensive and thorough investigation
of the patient¶s cultural values, beliefs, and
practices.
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a.)Introduce yourself to the interpreter
b.)Determine qualifications of the interpreter
1.)make sure that interpreter can speak the dialect
of the patient
2.)Ensure gender, age, and ethnic compatibility of interpreter with patient¶s
preference and topic of discussion
3.)Watch for differences in educational and socioeconomic status between patient
and interpreter
4.)Orient interpreter to your purpose and expectation
(e.g., assessment of patient pain, intent to explain procedure to patient)
c.)Clarify your questions about the interpreter¶s training, compatibility with the patient, and
interpreter¶s understanding of your expectations beforehand.
d.)Introduce interpreter to client.
e.)Pace your speech slowy, and allow time for back translation
f.)Direct your questions to the patient
g.)Request that interpreter ask patient for feedback and clarification at regular intervals
h.)Observe clients nonverbal and verbal behaviors
i.)Thank both patient and interpreter
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‡ First the nurse must understand his/her own beliefs,
world views and those of the patient, while avoiding
stereotyping
‡ Really listen to the patient, to find out and learn about
the patient's beliefs of health and illness.
‡ To provide culturally appropriate care we need to know
and to understand culturally influenced health behaviors
‡ Nurse needs to learn how to mix a little cultural
understanding with the nursing care they offer
 Cultural Resources in the
Community
‡ LëU-International Cultural Center serves to promote international
friendship and facilitate greater interaction and understanding
between the international students at LëU and the Baton Rouge
Community through educational, cultural, and social activities.