Water Conservation Presentation

Department of Environmental Design, Health & Nutritional Sciences
Allama Iqbal Open University, Islamabad
WELCOME TO THE PARTICIPANTS
www.aiou.edu.pk M. HAMMAD MANZOOR, M. Sc- II (Sus Environ & Design)

Email: explorationist@gmail.com Roll No. BN-523998, Karachi Campus
WASTE WATER RE-CYCLING DURING IN

PAKISTAN AT “INDUSTRIAL SCALE”
(Karachi Industrial Area)
Presentation Title
Presentation Subtitle
Agenda Items:
• INTRODUCTION / SHORT DESCRIPTION OF THE ISSUE
DISCUSSED
• OBJECTIVE OF THE STUDY
• METHODOLOGY
• LITERATURE REVIEW
• CONCLUSIONS OF THE STUDY
• RECOMMENDATIONS
• REFERENCES & RESEARCHES CITED

INTRODUCTION -
GLOBAL WASTE WATER PERSPECTIVE
• On average, high-income countries treat about 70% of the
municipal and industrial wastewater they generate.
• That ratio drops to 38% in upper middle-income countries and

to 28% in lower middle-income countries.
• In low-income countries, only 8% undergoes treatment of any

kind.
• These estimates support the often-cited approximation that,

globally, over 80% of all wastewater is discharged without treatment

INTRODUCTION
Presentation Title
INTRODUCTION -
PAKISTAN WASTE WATER PERSPECTIVE
• Pakistan with a geographical area of 796,101 square kilometers
possesses large river like Indus, which along with its tributaries namely
Chenab, Jhelum, Ravi, Kabul and Sutlej, forms one of the mightiest river
systems of the world.

INTRODUCTION - of Environmental Design, Health & Nutritional Sciences
Department
PAKISTAN WASTE WATER PERSPECTIVE Allama Iqbal Open University, Islamabad
• Population (Million) 212

Population Density
(People Per Sq. KM) 245
• GDP, Per Capita (US$) 1,629
• GDP Per Capita PPP (US$)5,040
• GDP (Billion US$) 270
• CO2 emissions (metric tones per
capita) 0.85
• Fossil fuel energy consumption (% of
total) 60.08
• Renewable energy consumption (% of
total final energy consumption)
45.49

INTRODUCTION -

INTRODUCTION -

INTRODUCTION -

INTRODUCTION -

INTRODUCTION -
KARACHI WASTE WATER PERSPECTIVE
• It is estimated that approximately 362 million gallons per day
(MGD) of sewage is generated in Karachi and adjacent areas from
domestic and industrial sources.
• Approximately, 60 % are industrial effluents and 40% domestic

discharges.
• The industrial waste-water and sewage are discharged into the
two seasonal rivers: the Lyari River and the Malir River of Karachi.
These rivers act as main open sewerages for liquid waste disposal from
the city.
• The Lyari and Malir Rivers are thus contributing about 59% and
25% of the total pollution load of Karachi City respectively, while 15% of
the pollution load is directly discharged into the adjacent open seacoast
or discharge.

OBJECTIVES
Presentation Title
OBJECTIVES
The objectives of the study were as follows;
1. To study Four (04) cases of waste-water recycling on Industrial

scale.
2. To evaluate the achievements, success / failure
3. To determine the achievement of waste water re-cycling
4. To determine the improvement in demand / supply of waste water
recycling in industrial scale
5. To evaluate the role played by the Govt for water recycling in
industrial side.

METHODOLOGY
Presentation Title
METHODOLOGY
The theme of the methodology was to use different approaches and tools
along with utilization of different data collection to the study in a more
beneficial way.
Data Collection:
Two data collection techniques have been used in this study. The technique
includes;
• Primary Data Collection

• Secondary Data Collection
Primary Data Collection:

Primary data could not be collected by the researcher physically due to
non-availability of ample time and vast scale of the study of this
assignment.

METHODOLOGY Allama Iqbal Open University, Islamabad
Secondary Data Collection:

Numerous secondary data collection methods have been used to complete
this study which is as follows;
1. Interaction with Environmental Specialist:

A Telephonic interaction has been made with Manager, Environmental
Management Consults (EMC – Ref-3), Karachi. Telephonic discussion
includes the waste water treatment strategies in Karachi, so that study
could be more conclusive and fruitful.
2. International renowned reports:

Different international reports have been brought into consideration to
review and consider the international standards and methodologies used by
developed countries.

METHODOLOGY Allama Iqbal Open University, Islamabad
3. National Renowned Reports:

Different National reports have been reviewed and considered to study the
local scenarios w.r.t international publications.
4. Research Papers:
Different research papers from National & International authors have been
also studied to convene this study.
5. Government Policies:
Government Policies were also bring into consideration as data source to
analyze that which policies have been designed by the Government to
handle the water issues.
6. Rules & Regulations:

Different rules have been reviewed (Pakistan Environmental Protection
Agency, PEPA,1997, EIA/IEE, 2014 rules by SEPA etc)

LITERATURE REVIEW
Presentation Title
Literature Review Allama Iqbal Open University, Islamabad
ENVIRONMENTAL IMPACT OF INDUSTRIAL EFFLUENT AND

CONTRIBUTIONS OF MANAGING BODIES IN CONTEXT OF KARACHI
By Fabiha Khalid, Madiha Wasim, M. Tahir Qadri
Published on Journal of Information & Communication Technology - JICT

Vol. 11 Issue. 1
The purpose of this paper was to discuss the relation between the industrial
policies, Industrial pollution and its environmental impact, the contribution of
local managing bodies in developing the standards of management of
industrial effluent. Recommendations for policy measures to reduced
environmental impacts and the possibilities of Waste water Treatment as an
Industry is addressed in this paper.

Literature Review Allama Iqbal Open University, Islamabad
IMPACT OF ORANGI NALA INDUSTRIAL EFFLUENTS ON SEWAGE

WATER OF LYARI RIVER, KARACHI, PAKISTAN (Ref. 7)
By Yasmin Nergis, Jawad A. But, Shimim A. Siddiqui, Afzal Farooq &
Mughal Sharif
Published in: World Applied Sciences Journal 28 (4): 473-480, 2013
The purpose of this paper has been worked out analyze the wastewater
samples from seven different locations in Orangi Nala and Lyari River. The
investigation reveals that almost the whole study area is moderate to highly
contaminated due to excessive concentrations of water quality parameters

CASE STUDY
Study Relation between the industrial
policies, Industrial pollution and its
environmental impact, the contribution of
local managing bodies in developing the
standards of management of industrial
effluent
1)- Korangi Industrial and Trading Estate (KITE)

2)- Presentation Title
Sindh Industrial and Trading Estate (SITE)
3)- Landhi Industrial and Trading Estate (LITE)
4)- Presentation Subtitle
Bin Qasim Industrial Area (PQA)

Case Study

CONCLUSION OF THE STUDY
Presentation Title
CONCLUSION STUDY
The conclusions are based on the cases discussed above are as;
1.Lack of Awareness of Environmental Problems to the people of the
industrial area.
2.Implementation of Environmental protection is not in an appropriate
way.
3.Documentation of existing industrial units along with registration for
new industrial units does not hold the modern techniques
4.Non Implementation of Environmental protection Policy Pakistan by the
management of the Industrial zones.
5.Partial Monitoring of procedures and operations followed in discharging
the industrial effluent
6.Combined Treatment Plant is one in Number indicates the partial
improvement in supply / demand of waste water re-cycling.
7.Government Institute monitoring is not prevailing in strict conditions.

RECOMMENDATION
Presentation Title
RECOMMENDATION
1. Government should pass rules for the implementation of Environmental

Policies and make the local bodies responsible for its implementation.
2. The representative bodies should act as regulatory bodies of the concerned

industrial zone and should be monitoring the treatment of industrial effluent
before being discharged to open water sources.
3. GIS based Land use plan should be prepared for documenting the existing
industrial sectors and mark the feasible sites for new industries and their
category. The potential of industrial zones in emitting water based pollution.
4. Example of combined effluent treatment plant operating in Korangi

Industrial Area for Tanneries could should be followed.
5. Further tests should be conducted to deal with the types of pollutants

present in each industrial zone.
6. Each industry should have their internal environmentalists that could bridge

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Department of Environmental Design, Health & Nutritional Sciences

Allama Iqbal Open University, Islamabad

WELCOME TO THE PARTICIPANTS

www.aiou.edu.pk M. HAMMAD MANZOOR, M. Sc- II (Sus Environ & Design)

WASTE WATER RE-CYCLING DURING IN

• OBJECTIVE OF THE STUDY

• CONCLUSIONS OF THE STUDY

• REFERENCES & RESEARCHES CITED

www.aiou.edu.pk M. HAMMAD MANZOOR, M. Sc- II (Sus Environ & Design)

• That ratio drops to 38% in upper middle-income countries and

• In low-income countries, only 8% undergoes treatment of any

• These estimates support the often-cited approximation that,

www.aiou.edu.pk M. HAMMAD MANZOOR, M. Sc- II (Sus Environ & Design)

www.aiou.edu.pk M. HAMMAD MANZOOR, M. Sc- II (Sus Environ & Design)

PAKISTAN WASTE WATER PERSPECTIVE Allama Iqbal Open University, Islamabad

• Population (Million) 212

www.aiou.edu.pk M. HAMMAD MANZOOR, M. Sc- II (Sus Environ & Design)

www.aiou.edu.pk M. HAMMAD MANZOOR, M. Sc- II (Sus Environ & Design)

www.aiou.edu.pk M. HAMMAD MANZOOR, M. Sc- II (Sus Environ & Design)

www.aiou.edu.pk M. HAMMAD MANZOOR, M. Sc- II (Sus Environ & Design)

www.aiou.edu.pk M. HAMMAD MANZOOR, M. Sc- II (Sus Environ & Design)

• Approximately, 60 % are industrial effluents and 40% domestic

www.aiou.edu.pk M. HAMMAD MANZOOR, M. Sc- II (Sus Environ & Design)

1. To study Four (04) cases of waste-water recycling on Industrial

www.aiou.edu.pk M. HAMMAD MANZOOR, M. Sc- II (Sus Environ & Design)

• Primary Data Collection

Primary Data Collection:

www.aiou.edu.pk M. HAMMAD MANZOOR, M. Sc- II (Sus Environ & Design)

Secondary Data Collection:

1. Interaction with Environmental Specialist:

2. International renowned reports:

www.aiou.edu.pk M. HAMMAD MANZOOR, M. Sc- II (Sus Environ & Design)

3. National Renowned Reports:

6. Rules & Regulations:

www.aiou.edu.pk M. HAMMAD MANZOOR, M. Sc- II (Sus Environ & Design)

ENVIRONMENTAL IMPACT OF INDUSTRIAL EFFLUENT AND

By Fabiha Khalid, Madiha Wasim, M. Tahir Qadri

Published on Journal of Information & Communication Technology - JICT

www.aiou.edu.pk M. HAMMAD MANZOOR, M. Sc- II (Sus Environ & Design)

IMPACT OF ORANGI NALA INDUSTRIAL EFFLUENTS ON SEWAGE

www.aiou.edu.pk M. HAMMAD MANZOOR, M. Sc- II (Sus Environ & Design)

1)- Korangi Industrial and Trading Estate (KITE)

www.aiou.edu.pk M. HAMMAD MANZOOR, M. Sc- II (Sus Environ & Design)

www.aiou.edu.pk M. HAMMAD MANZOOR, M. Sc- II (Sus Environ & Design)

CONCLUSION OF THE STUDY

www.aiou.edu.pk M. HAMMAD MANZOOR, M. Sc- II (Sus Environ & Design)

1. Government should pass rules for the implementation of Environmental

2. The representative bodies should act as regulatory bodies of the concerned

4. Example of combined effluent treatment plant operating in Korangi

5. Further tests should be conducted to deal with the types of pollutants

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