SHOP MATH C/441 93A NDT

General math to help prepare

for the HTC examination

Reference: Hull Maintenance Technician, 1995 Edition

 INTRODUCTION
 HTC(SW) R.J. Ossmann
 The purpose of this training is to familiarize shop
personnel with basic shop math required for the HT
rate.
 These are very basic formulas and because they
are basic they can be accomplished in different
ways. This training is not intended to change the
way you are doing the formulas but it is intended to
get you thinking about the different formulas used
in the HT rate.
Topics of Discussion

 HOW TO CALCULATE AREA

 HOW TO CALCULATE VOLUME

 HOW TO CALCULATE WEIGHT

AREA
 Area is the extent of a surface
bounded by two dimensions,
such as length and width.

 The unit of measure showing the

area is the square, such as square
inches, square feet, and square
yards.
 AREA FORMULAS

 CIRCLE = r2

 SQUARE/RECTANGLE = Length x Width

 TRIANGLE = 1/2 x Base x Height

NOW WE WILL LOOK AT EACH FORMULA

 AREA OF CIRCLE = r2
  (pi) = 3.1416  Calculate area of
 r = Radius - 1/2 the 14” diameter circle
diameter of a circle  72

153.93 Square inches

RADIUS

DIAMETER
AREA OF SQUARE/RECTANGLE = L x W
 L = Length  Calculate the area
 W = Width of a rectangle:
 L = 13 feet
 W = 7 feet
LENGTH
13 x 7

W 91 Square feet
I
D
T
H
AREA OF A TRIANGLE = 1/2 x B x H
 Calculate the area
 B = Base of a triangle:
 H = Height  B = 5 inches
 H = 6 inches

H 1/2 x 5 x 6
H
E E
15 Square inches
I I
G G
H H
T T

BASE BASE
VOLUME
 Volume is the extent of an object
bounded by three dimensions such
as length, width, and height.

The unit of measure showing volume

is the cube, such as cubic inches or
cubic feet.
 VOLUME FORMULAS

 SPHERE = 4/3 x  x r2
 CUBE/BOX = L x W x H
 CONE = 1/3 x  x r2 x H
 CYLINDER =  x r2 x H

NOW WE WILL LOOK AT EACH FORMULA

VOLUME OF SPHERE = 4/3 x  x r 3
 Calculate the volume of a
 (pi) = 3.1416 18 3/4” diameter sphere.
r = Radius - 1/2
 4/3 x 3.1416 x (9.375”)3
the diameter of
a Sphere
3451.457 Cubic inches
D
I 2 Cubic feet
A
M
R

4xx
E
A
D T
r 3
I E
U R
S
3
VOLUME OF CUBE/BOX = L x W x H
 L = Length  Calculate the volume of
 W = Width box below.
 H = Height 36” x 7” x 24”

6048 Cubic inches

7”
3.5 Cubic feet
H WIDTH
E
I 2’
G
H
T 3’

LENGTH
VOLUME OF CONE = 1/3 x  x r 2 xH
  (pi) = 3.1416  Calculate the area of the
 r = Radius - 1/2 the cone below.
diameter of the base
 H = Height 1/3 x 3.1416 x 1.52 x 8

H
E 18.85 Cubic inches
8” I
G
H
T
RADIUS

DIAMETER
3”
 VOLUME OF CYLINDER =  x
  (pi) = 3.1416
 r = Radius - 1/2 the
diameter of a cylinder
 H = Height
r 2 xH
 Calculate the area of
the cylinder below.
3.1416 x 2.52 x 15

DIAMETER 294.524 Cubic inches

5”
RADIUS
15”

HEIGHT
 WEIGHT

 THE AMOUNT OR QUANTITY OF

HEAVINESS OR MASS: THE AMOUNT A
THING WEIGHS.

 WEIGHT OF A SOLID CAN BE

DETERMINED MULTIPLYING THE
VOLUME BY THE WEIGHT PER
VOLUMETRIC UNIT.
 IMPORTANT WEIGHTS FOR HT’s
Fresh Water = 62.4 lbs./ft3
Salt Water = 64.0 lbs./ft3 STEEL PLATE
Steel = 490 lbs./ft3
 2” 80 pound plate
 1 1/2” 60 pound plate
 You will hear steel plate referred
 1” 40 pound plate
to by its nominal thickness or
 3/4” 30 pound plate
approximate weight per square
 1/2” 20 pound plate
foot for a specified thickness.
 3/8” 15 pound plate
Steel plate weighs about 2 1/2
 1/4” 10 pound plate
pounds per square foot for each
1/16 inch of thickness. Therefore,
5 pound plate is 1/8 of an inch
thick.
 IMPORTANT WEIGHTS FOR HT’s
 WEIGHT OF COMMON METALS
MATERIAL POUNDS PER
CUBIC INCH
Aluminum 0.098
Yellow brtass 0.307
Naval brass 0.304
Copper-nickel 0.323
Cast iron 0.258
Steel 0.284
Lead 0.410
Copper 0.321
Tin 0.265

We will be using the weight of Steel during the remainder of this lecture.
 WEIGHT OF CYLINDER/PIPE =
(OD)  x r2 x H - (ID)  x r2 x H
 OD = Outside diameter
 ID = Inside diameter ID RADIUS

  (pi) = 3.1416
 r = Radius - 1/2 the
diameter of the OD or ID
 H = Height (Length)

OD RADIUS
ID OD

HEIGHT
 WEIGHT OF CYLINDER/PIPE =
(OD)  x r2 x H - (ID)  x r2 x H
 Calculate the weight of the pipe below:
OD OD ID
 x 1.43752 x 360”
811.3 Cubic Inches
2337 - 1525.7
2337 Cubic inches NOW CALULATE WEIGHT
ID Steel = 0.284 lbs square inch
 x 1.16152 x 360” 811.3 cubic inches
ID RADIUS

1525.7 Cubic inches 811.3 x 0.284

ID = 2.323” ID
230.4 lbs
OD
2.875”

30’ OD RADIUS
HEIGHT
 WEIGHT OF STEEL BOX
 You have a box made of 10 pound plate. How
much does the box weigh? The box has no top...
12 + 2.333 + 1.75 =
 2 2’ x 3’ = 12 square feet
2 2’ x 7” = 2.333 square feet 16.083 square feet
1 3’ x 7” = 1.75 square feet APPROXIMATE
16.083 x 10 =
7” 160.83 pounds
H WIDTH ACTUAL
E
I 2’
G 1/4 x 12 x 12 = 36 cubic inches
H
T 3’ 36 x .284 = 10.224 pounds
LENGTH
10.224 x 16.083 = 164.43 pounds
“PROBLEM PROBLEM PROBLEM”
 HTFN @#$@#% left our box outside and it filled with
rainwater last night. How much does it weigh now?
 Calculate the volume of 6048 Cubic inches
box below.
3.5 Cubic feet
36” x 7” x 24” 3
Fresh Water = 62.4 lbs./ft

7” 3.5 x 62.4 = 218.4 Pounds

H
WIDTH
E
I 2’ Weight of box = 160.83 pounds
G
H
T 3’ 160.83 + 218.4 = 379.23 Pounds
LENGTH