Isaac Newton (1642-1727) was an English scientist known for his laws of motion and universal law of gravitation. He was admitted to Trinity College in 1661 and later became a professor of mathematics. In 1687, Newton published his work on the laws of motion and universal gravitation. He showed that gravity explains the motions of objects on Earth as well as astronomical objects like the moon and planets. Newton's work revolutionized scientific thought and was a major step towards modern physics.
Isaac Newton (1642-1727) was an English scientist known for his laws of motion and universal law of gravitation. He was admitted to Trinity College in 1661 and later became a professor of mathematics. In 1687, Newton published his work on the laws of motion and universal gravitation. He showed that gravity explains the motions of objects on Earth as well as astronomical objects like the moon and planets. Newton's work revolutionized scientific thought and was a major step towards modern physics.
Isaac Newton (1642-1727) was an English scientist known for his laws of motion and universal law of gravitation. He was admitted to Trinity College in 1661 and later became a professor of mathematics. In 1687, Newton published his work on the laws of motion and universal gravitation. He showed that gravity explains the motions of objects on Earth as well as astronomical objects like the moon and planets. Newton's work revolutionized scientific thought and was a major step towards modern physics.
Born in the same year of Galileo’s death. Orphan since birth. Newton was born three months after the death of his father Grew up with his grandmother. he was a small child; his said that he could have fit inside a quart mug (≈ 1.1 litres). he never married, being highly engrossed in his studies and work. Biography At the age of 18, his mother attempted to make a farmer of him. In 1661, he was admitted in Trinity College, Cambridge as a sizar. He read the books of Copernicus, Kepler & Galileo. 1669, he became a professor of mathematics. (1670-1672) he taught Optics. 1687, he returned back to mechanics. 1704, back to calculus. Biography Newton was also a member of the Parliament of England from 1689 to 1690 and in 1701, but according to some accounts his only comments were to complain about a cold draught in the chamber and request that the window be closed. In 1696, Newton moved to London to take up the post of warden of the Royal Mint. 1701, retired from Cambridge. Newton was made President of the Royal Society in 1703 and an associate of the French Academy of Sciences. Mathematics Achievements In 1704, developed infinitesimal calculus. (Leibniz 1684) Newton is generally credited with: The generalised binomial theorem, valid for any exponent. He discovered Newton's identities, Newton's method classified cubic plane curves (polynomials of degree three in two variables) made substantial contributions to the theory of finite differences was the first to use fractional indices He approximated partial sums of the harmonic series by logarithms was the first to use power series with confidence and to revert power series. Optics (1670-1672) Components of visible light Isaac Newton showed that by shining white light through a glass prism it could be separated back into its different wavelengths. and that a lens and a second prism could recompose the multicolored spectrum into white light. Newton’s color disk Reflection Telescope In 1668, he was able to produce the first reflecting telescope. It is known as Newtonian Telescope. It has many advantages compared to the refracting telescope. Weightlessness
More than 200 years later, his ideas were put in
action. Universal Law of Gravity
m1m2 F d2 m1m2 F G 2 d G 6.67 10 11 m 3 / kg.s
• This law works all over the universe.
• G was determined experimentally by Cavendish in 1797- 1798 Newton’s Laws of Motion (1687) The Law of Inertia: In the absence of external forces, when viewed from
an inertial reference frame, an object at rest
remains at rest and an object in motion continues in motion with a constant velocity (that is, with a constant speed in a straight line). Newton’s 2nd Law the acceleration of an object is directly proportional to the net force acting on it and inversely proportional to its mass. Newton’s 3rd Law If two objects interact, the force F12 exerted by object 1 on object 2 is equal in magnitude and opposite in direction to the force F21 exerted by object 2 on object 1.