You are on page 1of 64

MCSA Objectives:AHJ Authouity for having juristiction to grant a Certificate of

recognition and in some case to revoke the cert as well

refer and read from screen (elaborate as you see fit)


Explanation of all the manuals
Review the information in the MCSA folder
Slide 3

 You would want to ask what is the attitude to safety at present in the
company

 Who is in charge of safety for the company at present

 We will be dealing with the 14 elements that constitute an effective


safety program.

 The creation of the safety manual is a personal document that


reflects the safety attitude of that particular company so can not be
duplicated or copied from another company it must be personal.

 The guidelines that a company establishes will reflect the


commitment that that company has regarding their commitment to safety and the
procedures their employees will follow to be in compliance.
Management must be of a mind set that all injuries can be prevented
by placing safe work practices and procedures.

General duties of employers W210 4(1) ensure, so far as reasonably


practicable, the safety, health and welfare at work of all his workers.

This would require an assessment of all operating exposures with an


eye to safety , regulations, and safe operations of equipment.

Further duties of employers w210 4(2)(b) provide to all his workers


such information, instruction, training, supervision and facilities to ensure, so far
as reasonably practicable, the safety, health and welfare at work of all his
workers.
The profile of a company is always damaged when there is an
accident on the work site. Companies should take pride in their safety
record and have it posted for all to see. This is a good reminder where the
company is regarding safety and a reminder to workers to
think safe.

One of the problems safety officers have in promoting the company


message is the acceptance of the safety program by all employees.
This is usually evident in older and inexperienced employees who
have not been oriented into safe work practices and procedures.

The cost to a company by employees not following he polices of


the company can be very detrimental to the on going success of a Company. The
cost of workers who don’t follow the safety rules will be discussed later.
We should look at every situation with an eye to safety and what
possible hazards the task could involve.
An effective safety program will provide financial benefits by reducing
costs due to injuries and property damage.
Companies have a moral obligation to protect their workers from
harm. In the work place this means that owners, managers, and supervisors
take appropriate measures to protect their works from accident or
injury. It is the responsibly for the worker to cooperate in following the
company rules to safe guard themselves and fellow workers.

The bottom line is important with every company. Having a good


safety program can benefit a company by reducing injuries, job interruption,
the hiring and training of replacement workers and the costly repair of
equipment.

The legal requirements required by government are in place to


protect the worker and the public. The non compliance orders that
are written up by the Workplace Safety and Health Division can lead to court
action. The fine structure will be dealt with later.
 The results of an accident can be very devastating to a family. The
trauma that results from a serious accident can and does in many cases
contribute to family break-up. Companies will suffer from accidents but
in the long run it is the employee family who will suffer long term effects.

 Companies have to be ever conscious of long term disabling injuries.
The use of proper hearing protection, respirators when needed and
the training and education of how to uses appropriate personal
protective safety equipment.
• Management of companies, who develop good safety policies for
their company know that they are in compliance with the acts and regulations of
the Province of Manitoba.
Hand-out #1 Iceberg Analogy

In most cases the direct cost of the incident is very minor and the
indirect cost or hidden costs are excepted as a cost of doing business. In
most cases a company with a poor safety habit, these incidents are
over looked until a major incidents catches managements attention. If
the incident is investigated it will usually be reflective of poor work habits or
inadequate training. If near misses are not reported to management
there is a good possibility that a major incident will occur.
The workplace Health and safely Act (W210) sets out the definitions,
purpose and the application of the Act. The Construction
Industry Safety Regulations (MR189/85) defines the regulations that
are required by employers and employees to safety carry out their respective
tasks as laid out by the regulation. There are 9 other regulations pertaining to
safety as related to the construction industry. These regulations are part
of the legal requirements a company must follow in the province of Manitoba.
These requirements will be dealt with later.

This insurance program funded by the employers of the province


insure that superior compensation services are supplied to the workers and
employers of the Province of Manitoba in order to minimize the
impact of workplace injuries. We will take a in-depth look at workers
compensation in the accident reporting section.

Those familiarly with operating know they must abide by the Highway
Traffic Act.

A contractor has to make themselves familiarly with the building


codes in the area they are working different municipalities have different codes
requirements.
To insure safety to your workers there must be a set format regarding
worker orientation.

Employees should have an orientation on the Workplace Safety &


Health Act (w210) and the regulations.

Employer will supply all safety equipment required unless noted by t


he regulations or collective agreement.

Employer must supply training for all staff and monitor their progress.
Due diligence means taking care. In the workplace that means taking
all reasonable care in the circumstances to protect the health and
safety of all workers.

The duties of employers are spelled out in the Act.

The key to understanding due diligence is understanding the words


“duty” and “risk”. This means that an employer has to guard against
all risk or be able to prove that all due care was taken to protect the
worker.
All the elements are important and the safety program can’t operate
effectively unless all the elements are in place and all policies are
addressed.
Mention the 14 elements that will make up an effective safety
program.
1. Safety Policy is the bases of the safety program. This will be a written statement, what the managements
commitment and involvement will be towards the safety program.
2. Organization or co-coordinator will be a person designated by management to fill the responsibilities
required to operate the safety program. That person will have to have the training or ability, know the
responsibilities and have sufficient authority to be able to carry them out.
3. Safety Committee may not be required under the legislation (106/88) and if it is not then a worker
representative must be appointed for construction sites and will function the same as a committee. It is
recommended that with every crew working in different locations that a safety representative be designated.
4. Safety rules will be both the direction the company wants their employees to follow and also the
regulations that are required by law. The company rules will be specific and will also carry a disciplinary
statement. The rules will be “thou shalt” or “thou shalt not” and how violations will be dealt with.
5. PPE is meant to be the last resort in protecting the workers. If administrative and
engineering controls can not be implemented the PPE will add that additional degree of
protection. All companies will have their basic requirements that all workers should wear in
the workplace.
6. Company Inspections will in most cases follow a designated format with a policy giving
the direction. The company will set up two main types of inspections ongoing
inspections, which will be part of every employees responsibly to keep a clean and safe
work site and planned or formal inspections , were the safety personal will document an
inspection with an eye to compliance and potential areas that may cause injury or damage.
7. Safe work practices and procedures are essential in giving the employees the
information to do there job safely and to get the jog done “right”
8. Investigations of every incident ( which is any unplanned event which results in damage
or injury or which could have resulted in damage or injury) should be investigated. The
legislation requires all major incidents to be investigated.
9. Training is essential to having a good safety program. This training has to have three
components orientation mandatory for new employees , and required for existing
employees on an annual bases.
10. Emergency planning is an iatrical part of a complete safety program. The company must
have procedures in place to cover any possible risk and how to deal with it in a
professional manner. This could involve the requirements under first aid
legislation(MR140/98), fire fighting, action required from out side agencies.
A successful safety program is based on a number of concepts and
beliefs. The first is the recognition by senior management that a
safety program is an essential part of the operation.

A safety program will only succeed when senior management is


committed to the program.
The safety program must have parameters set so that
he program is easily managed. This will be done by setting up a line
system of management.

Management must be able to devote time, effort, money and set a


personal example to expect a safety program to work.
Take a moment and ask what the students feel their company
commitment is to a safety program is at this time.

Hand out #2 Generic Corporate Safety Policy

One of the values of this safety program is the pre-done safety


policy's that can be used to start the program.

Depending on the size of the company management can assign


responsibilities for the different parts of the safety program.

Management can choose from the policies supplied and put together
one for their use. Signed and dated it then becomes the safety policy
for the company.
Mention the different safety policy's and how a company can mix and
match what they wish to use or develop their own safety policies.
Important to stress that safety is everyone’s responsibility and
supervisors or lead hands have an extra responsibility to monitor
other workers work habits.

Responsibilities that are assigned to safety officers of the


company should pertain to safety. Keep in mind that safety
should answer to management and not be hampered by a tier
system.

The designated safety positions have to be written and signed


by management and posted so all employees are informed.
When the company has decided on it’s safety policy and posted it for
all employees to read, the assignment of responsibilities should be
written and added to the safety manual.
In the Act (W210 section 4 subsection 2 outlines the further duties of
employer. This explains that employers have to provide information,
instruction, training and supervision to all their workers.

Due diligence means taking care. That means taking all reasonable
care in the circumstances to protect the health and safety of all
workers. In the Manitoba Act it refers to “so far as reasonably practicable”.

A company which develops a plan for their safety program that


complies with the Act and works on corrective measures will :
Reduce Risk
Reduce injury/property damage
Improve productivity
Improve employee morale
The term “Common Sense” is often used when dealing with hazards.
Unfortunately what one person perceives as common sense another
person may not be inclined to see the situation the same way.

A “Hazard Assessment” of all work done by an employer should have


had a hazard assessment done. If the work is something that is
being done on a regular bases, then a review of the hazard assessment
should be done every year to keep up with changes in procedures or
regulations.

A “Hazard Assessment” has to be done on any project that


employees will be working and are not familiar with the location or the
project. (example : any new project)
Picture

Picture

Unsafe conditions are always present. In most cases we ignore them


or we will take “short cuts” with the ides that it “Won't happen to
me“ Good example of unsafe conditions is simply poor housekeeping
habits.

We have more to fear from our own actions than from any other job
hazards around us. Why take a chance in the first place? Only you
can decide to take the time to do your job safely and correctly the first
time. The leading causes of accidents is the unsafe acts of employees,
unfortunately in many cases it is because they have not been trained in
the proper procedure, leaving the process to ”common sense”.

Unsafe conditions and unsafe acts will involve :


Employers are required to assess the workplace to determine if
hazards that require the use of head, eye, face, hand, or foot protection are
present or are likely to be present. If hazards or the likelihood of hazards are
found, employers must select and have affected employees use properly
fitted personal protective equipment suitable for protection from
these hazards. Defective or
damaged personal protective equipment shall not be used.

“What if?” One must become familiar with the potential


hazards and the type of protective equipment that is available, and
what it can do; i.e., splash protection, impact protection, noise protection,
etc.;

One of the easiest methods is of completing a hazard assessment is


to have a check list. This check list will have to be designed by the
company, so that it will fir into their requirements and cover all aspects of
what hazards an employee could encounter.

The value of the checklist is so the company can asses the severity
and the probability of an unsafe act or unsafe condition being
present.
If the company has developed a checklist to follow when doing a
hazard annalist ranking the severity and the probability of an incident
occurring should be very remote.

A good checklist will have a rating system for severity of a hazard.

e.g.: Class A – Imminent Danger

Class B - Serious Condition

Class C – Minor Injury Class

Class D – No Recognizable Hazard

Class E – Not a Hazard

Probability of a hazard happening and making note for reference.

Probable Hazard – e.g. overhead crane, workers, scaffolding would


Handout #14 - Construction Safety Checklist - Site Start-up
The reason for safe work practices is to reduce risk by doing work in
an approved manner.
Safe work practices have to be in writing so that the same format is
used every time.
Extreme care must be taken when preparing safe work practices to
ensure they meet or exceed all applicable legislation and industry
standards.

It is in the best interest of the company that all employees know how
the company equipment is to be looked after and maintained.
A company must , in writing, be very specific on what they expect
their workers to do when using equipment and handling material. This
will save the company money and avoid misunderstanding among employees.
Employees have to be instructed in the company’s safe work
practices and the supervisory staff must ensure that all practices are
followed.
It is up to management, as to how they wish to operate their
company.
The standards that management set, will be the guidelines, as to
how the company will operate. If employees are orientated as to the
direction that the company wishes to follow,that will be reflective of the standards
the company will achieve.
Safe work procedures should supply a guideline for employees to be
able to perform their tasks without incident or injury.

A safe work procedure has to be a written step by step description of


how to do a task from start to finish. It is preferable that all tasks
have a safe work procedure so that employees follow the same steps in
the process time after time.
When working to develop safe work practices the one’s a company
should work on first are the one’s that they are involved in and are required by
law.

Job Hazard Analysis (JHA) is a procedure which provides for the


integration of an accepted safety and health principles and practices
into a particular operation.
Another term for Job Hazard Analysis is Job Safety Analysis (JSA)
This will be a step by step of the task that has to be done and all the
elements require to do the task.

In the writing of safe work procedures you may need the help of
supervisors or employees familiar with the tasks. The safe work procedures will
have to be reviewed and tested to be sure that all elements are included in the
process.
The safety rules have to be dealt with at the orientation of the
employee. This will save a lot of confusion and miss information.
When making the rules the company has to realize that the rules will
pertain to everyone that is employed by the company. The company
had to be sure that the rules it makes it is itself able to bide by.

Keep It the rules Short and Simple. (KISS)

The safety rules and the implementation of the safety program must
be led by example. Hat means the CEO, managers, and supervisors
have to abide by the company rules. The rules are for all to follow.

Rules must be enforceable and enforced. Action must be taken every


time a rule is violated and not only when some loss occurs because
of the violation of the rules.
Rules must be maintained even in the face of deadlines, weather, or
other circumstances or they become ineffective.
Keep in mind that many accidents and incidents happen when rules
are circumvented.
Employers are required to determine all exposures to hazards in
their workplace and determine if PPE should be used to protect their
workers.
Personal protective equipment in many cases is used in place of
controls and proper job definitions. This stems from , in some cases,
from a lack of safety knowledge. Keeping in mind that in the construction
industry some personal protective equipment is mandatory when working on
a site. e.g. hardhats & safety work boots

If PPE is to be used to reduce the exposure of employees to


hazards, a PPE program should be initialized and maintained. This program
should contain identification and evaluation of hazards in the workplace and
if use of PPE is an appropriate control measure; if PPE is to be used, how it is
selected, maintained and its use evaluated; training of employees using
the PPE; and vigilance of the program to determine its effectiveness in
preventing employee injury or illness.
Legislation forms the guideline for the use in the wearing of PPE.
The company will have it’s own policy regarding PPE. pursuant to the
type of work involved.The company should have in their policy the
following employee-owned equipment. Where employees provide their
own protective equipment, the employer shall be responsible to assure its
adequacy, including proper maintenance, and sanitation of such
equipment.

Specialized personal protective equipment will be supplied by the


employer for tasks involving additional risks to employees. The employer has
to supply training in the use of all PPE and special training to the employees
who use the specialized PPE.
Information gathered from the applicable regulations, previous injury
reports, and the experience of management and workers will help
you in your selection of appropriate PPE for your operation. In cases of
special problems such as chemical handling or working at heights, you may wish
to call on outside expertise to assist in the selection of PPE.
Hand out #19 Importance of Lost Control re Accidents and “Down Time”
All construction activity involves the use of tools and equipment.
The on going use of tools and equipment does cause a change in the
operations of tools and equipment. The importance of the continuing
maintenance of equipment should be a high priority within the company to
prevent down time and loss of production.

The Workplace Safety and Health Act requires that every employer
shall “provide and maintain a workplace, necessary equipment, systems and
tools that are safe and without risk to health, so far as is reasonably
practicable”.

The best interests of the company maintenance program can be


best served by following the manufactures specifications regarding the
maintenance of their tools and equipment.
It is in the best interest of the company to insure that their equipment
is maintained, inspected and kept in good repair and ready for job
site use.
It is good business practice to inventory all equipment and mark
accordingly in case of theft, fire or required replacement.

Maintained schedule will ad life to tools and equipment and prevent


them from being neglected.

All equipment being repaired should be done by some one qualified


in doing the repairs.

Good maintenance records will assist the company in making


documented decisions regarding replacement of worn out equipment
and the past performances of equipment in service.
Hand out #12 Continuous Safety training

`Managements direction regarding safety training is vital to the


success of the company safety program. Poor safety training will cause serious
problems with in a company.

Employees that are trained will produce a better quality product due
to the fact that the are using company approved safe work practices
and procedures. Where quality control is important “Doing it Right” is
also doing it safely.

All companies that want to have a quality safety program must have
the following components.
No person can start work if they do not have the company direction
explained to them. Without an orientation a company has a recipe for
disaster.

To have an effective orientation everyone in the company must have


the same information. This means, that all orientations have to be in
a written format, so every employee gets the same information and
there is no doubt as to what the company expects.

The orientation of employees has to include all the policies and


procedures that a company expects their employees to abide by.

Hand Out #13 - Company Orientation Checklist


Hand out #15 Hearing Conservation
There has to be documentation as to the process as expected by the
company to maintain quality control.

Some tasks will require specialized training, e.g. forklift operators,


others will be a matter of reviewing company safe work practices and
procedures.

The are incidents that require the company to certify their employees
in the proper procedures in the tasks involved. This may require a
written test or a visual assessment of the work performance.

The information that a company will rely on will in most cases come
from the input of the safety and health committees. The
reassessment of job procedures and practices will always be under
review due to tecknical changes.
Hand out #16 MCSA Tool Box Forms
Regular tool box or tailgate meetings are the best way to keep all the
employees informs regarding all aspects of what is happening in the
company.

The legal responsibilities requires tool box meetings on a


construction site that has more than five workers on the project. It is preferred that
all employees participate in safety tool box meetings on a regular
bases.

The company should have a standard form that is used to document


safety meetings, The Construction Safety services can supply these
free of charge to contractors.
Safety training effectiveness – what we are going to do is a little test of your
knowledge

brings in descriptions

These are a general classification of different types of training

What I would like you to do is to match up each description with how effective you
think they are – 10% - 30% - 50% - 70% - or 90%

allow approximately 2-3 minutes

ask participants to answer


example: OK what type of training do you think is 10%
effective

brings in Reading (10 % effective) – following SWP & JP by


reading is not effective. Anyone have kids? Try to assemble toys, bbq using
directions? Assume everyone reads? USE Windshield Wiper Example
The benefit of inspections should be self evident. The underlining
reason is to prevent incidents from occurring. All employees should
be instructed in watching for potential hazards in the workplace and
rectifying the situation on an ongoing bases. Poor housekeeping, which is an
accumulation of unsafe conditions resulting from a series of unsafe acts.
The planned inspection should be conducted by the manager,
supervisor or an inspection team made up of management , supervisors
and workers.The planned inspection of a work site will focus on all
aspects of potential hazards found on the work site. The company
should have a check list with all areas that are to be inspected .

The company safety manual should contain a policy statement on


inspections. Such a policy should set out the objectives of the inspection
program, direction and responsibilities.
Slide 3

A good inspection should cover and reinforce these purposes outlined.


They are an essential part of your overall safety program and important
to maintaining safety on your jobsite.

The only way we can control hazards is to first determine what is


causing them.

Inspections give us the opportunity to monitor controls that have been


previously implemented to make sure that those controls are actually
working.

Determine corrective action for any new hazards we find.

Reinforce and promote our safe work practices.


And…………….
Comply with legislation. The Manitoba Workplace Safety and Health Act
requires the employer to identify and inform workers about hazards that
exist in the workplace.
Incident – this term is used to describe an accident and a near miss.
Any incident could have resulted in loss time production, employee
error, or a bad work process. A company must be vigilant to incidents
so that they are able to monitor and be able to improve on process.

Investigation of an incident is imperative to make sure it won’t


happen again.

Investigation will prevent repetition.


Hand out #7 MCSA Incident and Injury Report
Hand Out #8 WCB Reporting Responsibilities
Hand Out #9 WCB Green Form
The objects of an investigation is not to decide blame but to find out
what happened so that a reoccurrence of the incident won’t happen
again.

Hand out #10 What to do regarding a serious injury


Hand out #11 Worksafe Bulletin #119 Reporting Serious Accidents

The WPS&H classifies injuries that they deem as requiring


investigation by law.
Hand out with the guideline of what, by law, has to be investigated.

The procedure must follow the format that there are Direct Causes
and Indirect Causes of an incident. The investigation should be
looking to the facts and keeping an open mind to what the causes were and what
the recommendations will be.

The company will have a policy regarding who will investigate an


incident and what incidents will be investigated. It is hoped that the company will
list employees who have investigation training and are familiar with
the process.
Preparing for a task with guidelines and training in place will
guarantee a safe and quality controlled product. The saving for the company will
be reflective in the overall performance of the employees.
Hand out #17 - Emergency Procedures
Hand out #18 - Operation of Construction Equipment (power lines) 108/88
The company must have a written plan as to what employees are
expected to do in case of an emergency.

The company will have addressed many of their emergency


minimum responses by effective safety training in first aid and CPR . The
standards safety training in fire response initial response and first response will
be all covered in the orientation a new employee receives before starting
employment.

The companies which start projects that are different than the norm
will have a pre job planning review to be sure all hazard assessments
have been completed. This will be reviewed with the supervisor prior
to the job start up. The supervisor will then be able to instruct their
crews as to the hazards on that job site.
Companies must keep in mind that the legislation is the minimum
standard that the provincial government require by law. Companies in
many cases develop their own guidelines that supersede the government
minimum regulations.

The legislation, in many cases, doesn’t require a workplace safety


and health committee, but it is advisable to have a system that allows
feedback from the workers to management on a regular bases.

Legislation gives the workers the rite to refuse if the worker has
reasonable grounds to believe and does believe that the particular work is
dangerous to his health or safety, or the safety and health of another worker
or any other person. All workers have a right to know the work that they are
required to do and the hazards involved in doing that work. The
workers have a right to participate in forming safe work practices and
procedures that involve them or fellow workers ij the duties of their employment.

Hand out #20 - Worksafe Fall 2002 S & H Amendments


Under general duties of employers 4(1) W210 they must comply with
the act and regulations and as far a s reasonably practicable ensure
the health and safety of all workers.

This is were a good maintenance policy will come into effect. All tolls
and equipment will be well looked after.

The company’s orientation and tool box meetings will address the
basic company knowledge to employees. The specialized training will
be supplied to the workers who work with or do specialized services.
Hand out #21 Kingston Electric - Contractor fined $70,000 Injury to Sub
The company with a good safety program will have all the necessary
information, training and Personal protective Equipment that a worker
will need to do their tasks.

Everyone must take care as to insure the health and safety of the
general public both in health and safety and environmental concerns.

The company must stress the importance of safety being everyone’s


responsibility and to report all incidents to there supervisors.

Companies with good safety and health practices will benefit from the
help of Workplace safety and Health Officers. They will assist in the
legal interpretation of the Act and regulations.
Hand out #3 Code of Practice for WPS&H Committees

Review new legislation regarding Prime Contractor


There should be a safety and health committee in place at all construction
sites regardless of the legislation. This will benefit all workers on the site
regarding safety and health matters and to have a vehicle to discuss problems.
Al companies must designate a safety and health reprehensive for all
work sites. This person should have basic knowledge of First Aid,
company rules, and The Workplace Safety and Health Act and Regulations.

The advantage of having a good safety and health committee or


safety representative is being able to get the feed back from the different
projects.
Hand out #4 Safety & Health Committee Checklist
Hand out #5 Safety & Health Committee Minutes – explain where they are
obtained and where they are sent
Hand Out #6 Committee member list to be posted
The main function of a safety committee is to investigate safety
problems and recommend solutions.
In many companies with small work forces this responsibility has to
be a shared commitment with all workers.
The legislation for safety places all the responsibility on the CEO and
his designated managers or supervisors.

The safety committee has to be able to spend time to analyze


problems and make recommendations that can be implemented into
the safety program.

The duties are laid out in the Act (40-7) spelling out the duties of a
safety committee.
In situation where there is a safety representive, they will perform
the same duties as would a committee.

You might also like