1-4 SOLVING EQUATIONS

Properties of Equality

 Reflexive Property of Equality

 Symmetric Property of Equality

 Transitive Property of Equality

 Substitution
 PROPERTIES OF EQUALITY

Reflexive Property
• a+b=a+b
The same expression is written
on both sides of the equal sign.
 PROPERTIES OF EQUALITY

Symmetric Property

• If a = b then b = a

• If 4 + 5 = 9 then 9 = 4 + 5
 PROPERTIES OF EQUALITY

Transitive Property

• If a = b and b = c then a = c

• If 3(3) = 9 and 9 = 4 +5,

then 3(3) = 4 + 5
ADDITIONAL PROPERTIES OF REAL NUMBERS

Substitution Property

• If a = b, then a can be
replaced by b.

• a(3 + 2) = a(5)
NAME THE PROPERTY

• 5(4 + 6) = 20 + 30 • Distributive
• 5(4 + 6) = 5(10) • Substitution
• 5(4 + 6) = 5(4 + 6) • Reflexive
• If 5(4 + 6) = 5(10) then • Symmetric
5(10) = 5(4 + 6)
• 5(4 + 6) = 5(6 + 4) • Commutative
• If 5(10) = 5(4 + 6) and • Transitive
5(4 + 6) = 20 + 30 then
5(10) = 20 + 30
 MORE PROPERTIES OF EQUALITY
IF THE OPERATION DONE TO ONE SIDE IS ALSO DONE TO THE OTHER THEN
THE VALUE OF THE EQUATION DOES NOT CHANGE

Definition Examples

 Addition: If a=b, then  If x = 12,

a+c=b+c then x + 3 = 12 + 3
 Subtraction: If a=b, then  If x = 12,
a–c=b–c then x – 3 = 12 – 3
Multiplication: If a=b, then
 If x = 12,
a∙c=b∙c
then x ∙ 3 = 12 ∙ 3
 Division: If a = b, then
 If x = 12,
a / c = b / c (c≠0)
then x / 3 = 12 / 3
SOLVE THE EQUATION
 Solving an equation that contains a variable
means finding all the possible values that make
the equation true. The first step is to isolate the
variable to one side of the equation by using
inverse operations.

 Inverse operations undo operations.

 Addition, subtraction are inverse operations as
are multiplication, and division .
Example 1
Solve . Check your solution.

Original equation

Add 5.48 to each side.

Simplify.

Check: Original equation

Substitute 5.5 for s.

Simplify.

Answer: The solution is 5.5.

YOUR TURN
 What is the solution of 12b=18?

 12b / 12 = 18 / 12 Divide each side by 12

 b=3/2 Simplify
Solve

Original equation

Distributive and Substitution

Properties

Commutative, Distributive, and

Substitution Properties

Addition and Substitution

Properties

Division and Substitution

Properties

Answer: The solution is –19.

YOUR TURN
 What is the solution of -27 + 6y = 3(y – 3)?

 -27 + 6y = 3(y – 3)
 -27 + 6y = 3y – 9 Distributive Property
 6y = 3y + 18 Add 27 to each side.
 3y = 18 Subtract 3y from each side
 y=6 Divide each side by 3.
YOUR TURN
 What is the solution of 3( 2x – 1) – 2(3x + 4)=11x?

 3( 2x – 1) – 2(3x + 4)=11x
 6x – 3 – 6x – 8 = 11x Distributive Property
 – 11 = 11x Combine Like Terms
 –1 =x Divide each side by – 11
 x=–1 Symmetric Property
YOUR TURN
 Suppose the flower carpet from Problem 3 had a
perimeter of 320 meters. What would the
dimensions of the flower carpet be?
PROBLEM 4 PAGE 29
PROBLEM #5 PAGE 29
ANOTHER LITERAL EQUATION
 Distance = Rate x Time or d=r∙t

 Solve for r

 Solve for t