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PRESENTATION TOPIC

Uses of Static
Electricity in Textile
 STATIC ELECTRICITY

 Static electricity is a surface

phenomenon. It is the result of an
+ imbalance between negative and
Unlike charges attract positive charges in an object

 These charges can build up on the

surface of an object until they find a
way to be released or discharged
+ +
 Static charges can be neutralized by
Like charges repel making them come in contact with the
charges of opposite polarity

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CREATION OF STATIC CHARGE
Induction

 When a charged object is bought near a

neutral object, it causes separation of
charges from the surface of the neutral
object

 This process results in a charge imbalance

on the surface of the neutral object and
hence creates static electricity

 This phenomenon is called charge

induced charge separation

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 SOME INTERESTING
FACTS

 Static charges are lesser in humid climate and more in dry climate

 Static charges are more in synthetics and silks as compared to cotton.

They are not seen on metalized fabrics

 Elimination of static charges is a temporary phenomenon. They can

reappear in other processes.

 Permanent elimination of static charges is possible by the use of

additives. But they could be harmful to the manufacturing process and
hence not commonly used

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APPLICATIONS IN TEXTILE INDUSTRY

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STATIC ELECTRICITY IN
CARDING
1. An oscillating comb / rotary brush combs
off fibre from doffing cylinder. This
process creates high static on the fibres,
resulting in clinging at receiving part, and
delivery chute

 Static charges can hamper machine

speeds and result in frequent stoppages
which results in loss of productivity

 This can be taken care by static

eliminating bars

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 STATIC ELECTRICITY IN
WARPING

SE bars can be placed in any one of

these positions

In warping, static charges are generated on the fibre due to:

 Unwinding / separation of fibre from the bobbins

 when passing through (contact) and coming out (separation) of
eyelets/combs

RESULT: Operator slows down machine to avoid breakage of the fibres,

poor lay and overlapping of the yarn on the warp beam

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The presence of a static eliminating bar will solve this problem and enhance
productivity
STATIC ELECTRICITY IN
BATCHING
 On textile stenter (batching), static charges
are generated on fabric due to contact and
separation of fabric from rolls, changes in
temperature, etc.

 Charges are more likely to appear on

synthetic materials and silks than on
cotton

 Excessive static charges on fabrics causes

adhesion of fabric to the rollers, operator
hazard, dust attraction, slow speed, etc.

 This problem can be effectively addressed

by the static eliminating bars 9
STATIC ELECTRICITY IN
PLAITING
 On textile stenter (plaiting), static charges
are generated on fabric due to contact and
separation of fabric from rolls, changes in
temperature, etc.

 Charges are more likely to appear on

synthetic materials and silks than on
cotton

 Excessive static charges on fabrics causes

adhesion of fabric to the rollers, operator
hazard, dust attraction, improper plaiting,
etc. which can be taken care by the static
eliminating bars
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STATIC ELECTRICITY IN BEAM
SIZING
 Static charges are generated on the fabric,
in the sizing process, more on synthetics
and silk than cotton

 This results in operator hazard, adhesion

to the rollers, contamination, web wander,
etc.

 Positioning static eliminators at

appropriate places will solve this problem

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 Problems Created due to state Electricity
Static charge causes various problems in textile material and in processing some of
them are illustrated below:
1. Similar charges repel one another. This causes difficulty in handling materials for
instance filaments in a charged ware will repel one another, there will be ballooning of a
bundle of slivers, cloth will not fold down neatly upon itself when if comes off a finishing
machine and so on.

2. Opposite charges attract one another. This causes difficulty in the opening of
parachute. This will also cause tow garment to stick to each other.

3. Again this charge attracts soil dust and dirt, so firmly that it Become difficult to remove
them, when this occurs in loom it creates ‘Fog marking’.

4. Charged bodies are attracted by an charged bodies Due to this charged fibres will
stick to earthed parts of the machine happens particularly in carding.
 CONT’D

5.When high enough field occurs, discharge in air will take place accompanying,
sparks, There is also a risk of fire or explosion due in sparks. Again sparks form
clothing are a source of danger where inflammable vapors are present as in
operation theaters in hospitals.

6. Large amount of accumulated static charge may give shock to

people/specially where a large insulated conductor becomes charged up.

7. Due to static charge the projection fibres remain stickled with the fabric. So
they con not be removed by singeing and cropping. So dying and finishing
become faulty.

8. While passing over guides, due to state charge, roving experiences more
friction and thus breakage may occur. Again due to allocation or repulsion
roving can not be wound on to bobbin. easing.
 Methods of static electricity minimization

1.By controlling relative humidity% in spinning and weaving industry it is

possible to reduce static charge formation.

2.By applying conductive liquid such as oil, emulsion etc on textile materials,
static charge generation may be reduced.

3.By blending conductive material with non-conductive material static charge

formation can be reduced.

4.By using anti-static finishes to the textile materials it is possible to reduce

the charge formation

5.By earthling different parts of a textile machine produced charge can be

neutralized or removed.

6.Radio active material ionizes air which reduce static charge formation.