LESSON 5: THE CONE OF

EXPERIENCE
 Cone of Experience – is visual model, a pictorial,
Device that presents bands of experience
arranged according to degree of abstraction and
not degree of difficulty. The further you go from the
bottom of the cone the more abstract the
experience become.
Verbal Symbols- these are no longer realistic reproduction of physical things for this are highly abstract
Presentations. Examples are: chart, graphs, maps, and diagrams.
Visual Symbols – they are not like the object or ideas for which they stands
Still pictures recordings, radio – these are visual auditory devices which may be used by an individual
or group. Still pictures lack the sound and motion of a sound film. The radio broadcast of an actual
event may be likened.
Television and Motion Pictures- these can reconstruct the reality of the past so effectively that we are
made to feel we are there.
Exhibits – these are displays to be seen by spectators.
Study Strips – these are excursions, educational trips, and visits conducted to observe and event that is
unavailable within the classroom.
Demonstrations – there visualized explanation of an important fact, idea or process by the use of
photographs, drawings, films, displays, or guided motions.
Dramatized experiences – By dramatization, we can participate in a reconstructed experience, even
though the original event is far removed from us in time
Contrived experiences – In here, we make use of a representative models or mock ups of reality for
practical reasons and so that we can make the real-life accessible students’ perceptions and
understanding.
 Dale further explains that “ the individual bands of the
Cone of experience stand for experiences that are fluid,
extensive, and continually interact” Dale (1969)
Direct purposeful experiences - These are first hand experiences which serve as the foundation of our
learning.

3 TIERED MODEL OF LEARNING BY :

JEROME S. BRUNER

THIRD THROUGH A SERIES OF SYMBOLS SYMBOLIC

Second THROUGH A SERIES OF ILLUSTRATIONS ICONIC

THROUGH A SEQUENCE OF ACTIONS ENACTIVE

First