Classification of IC Engine

&
It’s Application
 Presentation by,

1. Nilesh B. Bhalani (15BPE006)

2. Chandra (15BPE007)
3. Siddharth Bhanderi (15BPE008)
What is IC
engines?
IC engines can be classified based
on…
1. Basic Engine Design
2. Based on working cycle
3. Based on Valve/port design and location
4. Based on ignition
5. Based on operating cycle
6. Based on Fuel
7. Based on mixture preparation
8. Based on stratification of charge
9. Based on cooling system
10. Based on application
 1. Basic Engine Design
Engine Design

Reciprocating Rotary

Single Multi Single Multi-

Cylinder Cylinder rotor rotor

Opposed Opposed
Inline V
Cylinder piston
Reciprocating IC engine Rotary IC engine
Rotary IC engine
 Application of rotary engines

• Early rotary engines were used in World War I aircraft.

• It has since come to be used for such industrial
applications as driving air compressors, where small, light-
weight, high-speed engines with mechanical simplicity are
needed.
Reciprocating IC engine- Multi cylinder

Ref. www.britaniacca.com
 Application of reciprocating engines

• use in road vehicles

• Stationary engines- non road mobile applications such as
bulldozers, mowers, cranes, etc.
• In general, industry uses these engines to drive process
equipment such as compressors, pumps, and other
machinery and for standby generator sets.
 2. Based on working cycle

1. Four stroke cycle

2. Two stroke cycle
– Scavenging ; direct/crankcase/cross flow; back
flow/loop; Uni flow
– Naturally aspirated or turbocharged
Two stroke engine
 Two stroke engine

a b c

Scavenging ; direct/crankcase/cross flow (a);

back flow/loop (b); Uni directional flow (c)
Four stroke cycle

Ref. www.educypedia.com
3. Based on Valve/port design and
location
1. Design of valve/port
– Poppet valve
– Rotatory valve
2. Location of valve/port
– T-head
– L-head
– F-head
– L-head
 Poppet valve & components

This animation shows a pressure activated poppet valve

(red), and a cam activated poppet valve (blue), in a
cylinder of an internal combustion engine.
Rotary valve
Location of valve/port
4. Based on ignition
 5. Based on operating cycle

• Atkinson (For complete expansion SI Engine)

• Diesel (For the Ideal Diesel Engine)
• Dual (For the Actual Diesel Engine)
• Miller (For Early/Late Inlet valve closing type SI Engine)
• Otto (For the Convectional SI Engine)
 6. Based on Fuel
• Convectional
– Crude oil derivatives; Petrol, diesel
– Other sources; coal, bio-mass, tar stands, shale
• Alternative
– Petroleum derived: CNG, LPG
– Bio-mass derived: alcohols, vegetable oils, producer gas,
biogas and hydrogen
• Blending
• Bi-fuel and dual fuel
 7. Based on mixture preparation
• Carburetion
• Fuel injection : Diesel or Gasoline
Typical configuration of different type of gasoline injection
 8. Based on stratification of charge

• Homogeneous Charge
• Stratified charge
– With carburetion
– With fuel injection
 9. Based on cooling system
• Air-cooling system
• Water-cooling system
Water-cooling system
 10. Based on application

• Automobile Engine
• Aircraft Engine
• Locomotive Engine
• Marine Engine
• Stationary Engine
Thank you…