Professional Documents
Culture Documents
Interpolation
1
What is Interpolation ?
Given (x0,y0), (x1,y1), …… (xn,yn), find the value of ‘y’ at a
value of ‘x’ that is not given.
3
Direct Method
Given ‘n+1’ data points (x0,y0), (x1,y1),………….. (xn,yn),
pass a polynomial of order ‘n’ through the data as given
below:
y a0 a1 x .................... an x . n
4
Example 1
The upward velocity of a rocket is given as a
function of time in Table 1.
Find the velocity at t=16 seconds using the
direct method for linear interpolation.
Table 1 Velocity as a function
of time.
t , s vt , m/s
0 0
10 227.04
15 362.78
20 517.35
22.5 602.97
30 901.67 Figure 2 Velocity vs. time data for the
rocket example
5
Linear Interpolation
vt a0 a1t y
Hence
vt 100.93 30.914t, 15 t 20.
v16 100.93 30.91416 393.7 m/s
6
Example 2
The upward velocity of a rocket is given as a
function of time in Table 2.
Find the velocity at t=16 seconds using the
direct method for quadratic interpolation.
Table 2 Velocity as a function
of time.
t , s vt , m/s
0 0
10 227.04
15 362.78
20 517.35
22.5 602.97
30 901.67 Figure 5 Velocity vs. time data for the
rocket example
7
Quadratic Interpolation
y
f 2 x
v20 a0 a1 20 a2 20 517.35
2
x0 , y 0
x
ys
f x desired 350
250
227.04 200
10 12 14 16 18 20
10 x s range x desired 20
t , s vt , m/s
0 0
10 227.04
15 362.78
20 517.35
22.5 602.97
30 901.67 Figure 6 Velocity vs. time data for the
rocket example
10
Cubic Interpolation
y
x3 , y3
vt a0 a1t a2t a3t
2 3
x1 , y1
v10 227.04 a0 a1 10 a2 10 a3 10
2 3
f 3 x
x2 , y2
v15 362.78 a0 a1 15 a2 15 a3 15
2 3
x0 , y0
11
Cubic Interpolation (contd)
vt 4.2540 21.266t 0.13204t 2 0.0054347t 3 , 10 t 22.5
v16 4.2540 21.26616 0.1320416 0.005434716
2 3
392.06 m/s
700
f x desired
392.06 392.19
400
300
a 100
392.06
227.04 200
10
10
12 14 16 18
x s range x desired
20 22 24
22.5
0.033269%
12
Comparison Table
13
Distance from Velocity Profile
Find the distance covered by the rocket from t=11s to t=16s ?
vt 4.3810 21.289t 0.13064t 2 0.0054606t 3 , 10 t 22.5
16
s16 s11 vt dt
11
16
4.2540 21.266t 0.13204t 2 0.0054347t 3 dt
11
16
t2 t3 t4
4.2540t 21.266 0.13204 0.0054347
2 3 4 11
1605 m
14
Acceleration from Velocity Profile
Find the acceleration of the rocket at t=16s given that
t 4.2540 21.266t 0.132042 0.0054347t 3 ,10 t 22.5
at vt
d
dt
d
dt
4.2540 21.266t 0.13204t 2 0.0054347t 3
21.289 0.26130t 0.016382t 2 , 10 t 22.5
29.665 m/s 2
15
Latihan
Misalkan Nilai-nilai fungsi seperti pada tabel berikut,
tentukanlah nilai aproksimasi dari f(0,1), f(0,35), dan
f(1,16) berturut-turut menggunakan interpolasi linear,
kuadratik, kubik.
x f(x)
0,0 0,000
0,2 0,406
0,4 0,846
0,6 1,368
0,8 2,060
1,0 3,114
1,2 5,114